thenar

母指球 thenar eminence 　

WordNet

1. the fleshy area of the palm at the base of the thumb
2. in that case or as a consequence; "if he didnt take it, then who did?"; "keep it then if you want to"; "the case, then, is closed"; "youve made up your mind then?"; "then youll be rich"
3. that time; that moment; "we will arrive before then"; "we were friends from then on"
4. subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors); "then he left"; "go left first, then right"; "first came lightning, then thunder"; "we watched the late movie and then went to bed"; "and so home and to bed" (同)so, and so, and then
5. at a specific prior time; "the then president"
6. at that time; "I was young then"; "prices were lower back then"; "science as it was then taught"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 『その時』,あの時,そのころ / (時間・場所・順番などが)『それから』,その次に,隣に,その[すぐ]後で / 『その上』,それに / 《通例文頭または文尾において》『それでは』,それなら,その結果 / 『その時の』,当時の / 『その時』

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/01 14:34:21」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Thenar eminence
The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the anterior surface of the wrist and digits
Transverse section across the wrist and digits (muscles of thumb labeled at upper left)
Latin	Eminentia thenaris
Gray's	p.546
Artery	Superficial palmar arch
Nerve	Median nerve
Actions	Control movement of the thumb
Anatomical terms of muscle

The thenar eminence (from the Greek "θέναρ" - thenar, "palm of the hand" and the Latin word "eminentia", meaning projection,) refers to the group of muscles on the palm of the human hand at the base of the thumb. The skin overlying this region is the area stimulated when trying to elicit a palmomental reflex.

Muscles

The following three muscles are considered part of the thenar eminence:

Carpal tunnel and tenar and hypothenar eminences

• Abductor pollicis brevis abducts the thumb. This muscle is the most superficial of the thenar group.
• Flexor pollicis brevis, which lies next to the abductor, will flex the thumb, curling it up in the palm.
• Opponens pollicis lies deep to abductor pollicis brevis. As its name suggests it opposes the thumb, bringing it against the fingers. This is a very important movement, as most of our dexterity comes from this action.

Another muscle that controls movement of the thumb is adductor pollicis. It lies deeper and more distal to flexor pollicis brevis. Despite its name, its main action is mainly rotation and opposition. It is not in the thenar group of muscles, so is supplied by the ulnar nerve.

Innervation

The Opponens pollicis and Abductor pollicis brevis are normally innervated by the median nerve. The Flexor pollicis brevis can be innervated by the median or ulnar nerve. The adductor pollicis is typically innervated by the ulnar nerve. There are normal variations. In a Cannieu-Riche anastomasis, fibers from the deep palmar branch of the ulnar nerve innervate the opponens pollicis and/or abductor pollicis brevis. Regardless of their final innervation, the nerves that reach the thenar muscles arise from the C8 and T1 roots, pass through the lower trunk of the plexus, and then through the medial cord of the plexus.

The ulnar nerve is exclusively responsible for the innervations of the hypothenar eminence. Both nerves contribute to the innervations of the midpalmar group.

Flexor Pollicis Brevis (FPB) is typically an ulnar-innervated muscle. Due to a common interconnection between the Median and Ulnar nerves in the hand (Riche-Cannieu interconnection), the Median nerve may innervate the FPB in 35% of people. It is innervated by the Ulnar nerve in 50% of people and by both the Median and Ulnar nerves in 15%.

The muscles in this location are usually innervated by the recurrent branch of the median nerve. They all control movement of the thumb.

The innervation of these muscles by the median nerve is unusual, as most of the intrinsic muscles on the palm of the hand are supplied by the ulnar nerve. The lateral two lumbrical muscles are the other exception.

Mnemonics

The muscles of the hand can be remembered using the mnemonic, "A OF A OF A" for, Abductor pollicis brevis, Opponens pollicis, Flexor pollicis brevis (these 3 are the thenar muscles), Adductor pollicis and Opponens digiti minimi, Flexor digiti minimi, Abductor digiti minimi (hypothenar muscles).

A good way to remember what muscles are in the thenar eminence is "OAF"; oafs have big thenar eminences. 'O' = opponens, 'A' = abductor, 'F' = flexor. There is only one opponens. The other two muscles each have a long partner and thus are called "brevis."

Meat-LOAF: the "M" in the word "Meat" helps you remember that the LOAF muscles of the hand (2 Lateral Lumbricals, Opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis) are innervated by the Median Nerve

ABOF (pronounced "above") the Law muscles. The law states muscles of the hand are supplied by ulnar nerve. However, ABOF the Law muscles are supplied by MEDIAN nerve. 'AB' = abductor, 'O' = Opponens, 'F' = Flexor, Law 'L' = Lateral Lumbricals (2).

MAINTAINER—Main(Median nerve) --Tainer(thenar muscles)

Additional Images

• Thenar muscle

• Thenar muscle

• Thenar eminence

See also

• Hypothenar eminence

References

External links

• lesson5mus&tendonsofhand at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 手指の解剖学 finger and thumb anatomy
• 2. 手根管症候群：臨床症状および診断 carpal tunnel syndrome clinical manifestations and diagnosis
• 3. 手部の痛みを有する成人の病歴および検査 history and examination of the adult with hand pain
• 4. 手熱傷の一次外科的マネージメント primary operative management of hand burns
• 5. 手根管症候群に対する外科手術 surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome

English Journal

• Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Hand: Case Report and Literature Review.

• Dwyer CL1, Soong MC1, Kasparyan NG1.
• Hand (New York, N.Y.).Hand (N Y).2017 May;12(3):NP43-NP45. doi: 10.1177/1558944716668826. Epub 2016 Sep 15.
• PMID 28453349

• The Safety of the Thenar Portal: An Anatomical Study of the Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthroscopy.

• Pan YW1, Hung LK2.
• Journal of wrist surgery.J Wrist Surg.2017 May;6(2):152-157. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1597675. Epub 2016 Dec 26.
• PMID 28428918

• Reliability of the grip strength coefficient of variation for detecting sincerity in normal and blocked median nerve in healthy adults.

• Wachter NJ1, Mentzel M2, Hütz R2, Gülke J2.
• Hand surgery & rehabilitation.Hand Surg Rehabil.2017 Apr;36(2):90-96. doi: 10.1016/j.hansur.2016.12.003. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
• PMID 28325433

Japanese Journal

• 画像診断 超音波検査による母指球筋評価の試み

• 名倉 一成,金谷 貴子,乾 淳幸 [他]
• 整形外科 = Orthopedic surgery 66(3), 241-243, 2015-03
• NAID 40020369366

• Excitability of spinal motor neurons during motor imagery of thenar muscle activity under maximal voluntary contractions of 50% and 100%

• Bunno Yoshibumi,Onigata Chieko,Suzuki Toshiaki
• Journal of Physical Therapy Science 27(9), 2775-2778, 2015
• [Purpose] We often perform physical therapy using motor imagery of muscle contraction to improve motor function for healthy subjects and central nerve disorders. This study aimed to …
• NAID 130005101131

• 虫様筋-骨間筋比較法における導出電極位置の検討

• 風間 由美,北島 明子,近藤 好恵,品田 佳位,渡辺 美津江,小竹 美佐江,松本 幸男
• 医学検査 64(2), 202-209, 2015
• 虫様筋-骨間筋比較法（2L-INT法）は，簡便さと高い感度により手根管症候群診断検査として推奨されている。しかし，複合筋活動電位（CMAP）導出に用いられる第2虫様筋（2L）は手掌表面からは確認し難く，決定しやすい導出電極位置が求められる。今回我々は2L-INT法における導出電極位置の検討を行った。導出電極位置は第2指と第3指の間から手根部中央までの線上で中手骨頭の高さをa，母指球筋境界の高さをd …
• NAID 130005068980

Related Links

• thenarの意味 - 英和辞書 - goo辞書

thenarとは。意味や和訳。[名]1 《解剖学》小指球：てのひらの外側の肉づき.2 母指球：親指のつけ根のふくらみ.3 てのひら；足のうら. [形]小指球[母指球]の. - goo辞書は国語、英和、和英、中国語、百科事典等からまとめて探せる ...

• Thenar | Define Thenar at Dictionary.com

Thenar eminence Thenar muscle atroph... Thenar anatomy Muscles of the thena... Thenar muscle pain Hypothenar Anatomy of the hand Carpal tunnel syndro... Nearby Words theme and varia... theme park theme restauran...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「母指球」
拡張検索	「hypothenar hammer syndrome」
関連記事	「then」

「母指球」

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英

thenar eminence (N), thenar

• 図：N.401

「hypothenar hammer syndrome」

　　[★] 小指球ハンマー症候群

「then」

　　[★]

• それから、その時

関

thence