WordNet

a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt) (同)Na, atomic number 11
any of the salts of hydrobromic acid; formerly used as a sedative but now generally replaced by safer drugs

PrepTutorEJDIC

ソジウム,ナトリウム(金属元素;化学記号はNa)
〈U〉臭化物(鎮静剤・睡眠剤として用いる) / 〈C〉《話》陳腐なことば

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/24 21:26:27」(JST)

wiki en

Sodium bromide is an inorganic compound with the formula NaBr. It is a high-melting white, crystalline solid that resembles sodium chloride. It is a widely used source of the bromide ion and has many applications.^[7]

Synthesis, structure, reactions

NaBr crystallizes in the same cubic motif as NaCl, NaF and NaI. The anhydrous salt crystallizes above 50.7 °C.^[7] Dihydrate salts (NaBr·2H₂O) begins to anhydrous at 50.7 °C in water solution.^[2]

It is produced by treating sodium hydroxide with hydrogen bromide.

Sodium bromide can be used as a source of the chemical element bromine. This can be accomplished by treating an aqueous solution of NaBr with chlorine gas:

2 NaBr + Cl₂ → Br₂ + 2 NaCl

Applications

Sodium bromide is the most useful inorganic bromide in industry.^[7] It is also used as a catalyst in TEMPO-mediated oxidation reactions.^[8]

Medicine

Also known as Sedoneural, sodium bromide has been used as a hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and sedative in medicine, widely used as an anticonvulsant and a sedative in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its action is due to the bromide ion, and for this reason potassium bromide is equally effective. In 1975, bromides were removed from drugs in the U.S. such as Bromo-Seltzer due to toxicity.^[9]

Preparation of other bromine compounds

Sodium bromide is widely used for the preparation of other bromides in organic synthesis and other areas. It is a source of the bromide nucleophile to convert alkyl chlorides to more reactive alkyl bromides by the Finkelstein reaction:

NaBr + RCl → RBr + NaCl (R = alkyl)

Once a large need in photography, but now shrinking, the photosensitive salt silver bromide is prepared using NaBr.

Disinfectant

Sodium bromide is used in conjunction with chlorine as a disinfectant for swimming pools.

Petroleum industry

Sodium bromide is used to prepare dense fluids used in oil wells.

Safety

NaBr has a very low toxicity with an oral LD₅₀ estimated at 3.5 g/kg for rats.^[6] However, this is a single-dose value. Bromide ion is a cumulative toxin with a relatively long half life (in excess of a week in humans): see potassium bromide.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=714
^ ^a ^b Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). D. Van Nostrand Company.
^ ^a ^b ^c Pradyot, Patnaik (2003). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ISBN 0-07-049439-8.
^ ^a ^b "Sodium Bromide (NaBr)". http://www.korth.de. Korth Kristalle GmbH. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
^ Polyanskiy, Mikhail. "Refractive index of NaBr (Sodium bromide) - Li". http://www.refractiveindex.info. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
^ ^a ^b "Sodium bromide MSDS" (PDF). http://www.sciencelab.com. Sciencelab.com, Inc. 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
^ ^a ^b ^c Michael J. Dagani, Henry J. Barda, Theodore J. Benya, David C. Sanders "Bromine Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2000. doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_405
^ http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-009-9381-2#page-1
^ "Bromide: Potassium & Sodium". http://www.canine-epilepsy.com. Canine-Epilepsy Resources. 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2014-06-11.

External links

Information about NaBr.
Bromide Poisoning in Angola

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. バーター症候群およびギテルマン症候群 bartter and gitelman syndromes
2. The common cold in adults: Treatment and prevention
3. 急性腎障害（急性腎不全）におけるナトリウム（FENa）、尿素（FEUrea）、およびその他分子の排泄率 fractional excretion of sodium urea and other molecules in acute kidney injury acute renal failure
4. 腎集合管ナトリウムチャンネルの遺伝的障害：リドル症候群および偽性低アルドステロン症1型 genetic disorders of the collecting tubule sodium channel liddles syndrome and pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1
5. Diagnostic evaluation of adults with hyponatremia

English Journal

Physicochemical Characterization of Novel Aqueous Two-Phase System: Gemini Surfactant 12-2-12/NaBr/H2O.

Yue L1, He Z, Zhu Y, Shang Y, Liu H.
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.Appl Biochem Biotechnol.2015 Apr;175(7):3557-70. doi: 10.1007/s12010-015-1526-1. Epub 2015 Feb 4.
A novel aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) only containing Gemini surfactant ethanediyl-1,2-bis(dodecyldimethylammonium bromide) and an inorganic salt sodium bromide was designed, and the physicochemical properties of the ATPS were investigated systematically. The results have shown that the coexisting
PMID 25649445

Sodium bromide induced micelle to vesicle transitions of newly synthesized anionic surface active ionic liquids based on dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

Rao KS1, Gehlot PS1, Gupta H2, Drechsler M3, Kumar A1,2.
The journal of physical chemistry. B.J Phys Chem B.2015 Mar 19;119(11):4263-74. doi: 10.1021/jp512805e. Epub 2015 Mar 5.
Dodecylbenezenesulfonate-based anionic surface active ionic liquids (DBS-ILs) paired with onium cations, n-butyltrimethylammonium ([N1114]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ([C4mim]), and N-butylpyridinium ([C4Py]) have been synthesized. DBS-ILs were found to be highly surface active having critical mic
PMID 25723046

Green synthesis of the silver nanoparticles mediated by pullulan and 6-carboxypullulan.

Coseri S1, Spatareanu A2, Sacarescu L2, Rimbu C3, Suteu D4, Spirk S5, Harabagiu V2.
Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2015 Feb 13;116:9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.06.008. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Unoxidized and carboxylated pullulan (obtained by pullulan oxidation using TEMPO-sodium hypochlorite-sodium bromide system) have been used as mediators for the silver nanoparticles formation (AgNPs), under environment-friendly conditions: using aqueous solutions, room temperature and notably, by usi
PMID 25458267

Japanese Journal

ハロゲンレドックスを利用した新規電気化学キャパシタ

山崎穣輝,石川正司
炭素 2013(256), 15-21, 2013
… An aqueous sodium bromide solution is applied to an EC cell containing the treated positive electrode and a non-treated negative electrode of ACFC. …
NAID 130003373931

イオンクロマトグラフィーによる海水中の亜硝酸イオン, 硝酸イオン, アンモニウムイオンの選択的同時定量

大国英人,田中雅人,兼貞晃 [他],藤本修平,廣川健,伊藤一明
分析化学 = Japan analyst 61(8), 685-690, 2012-08-05
イオンクロマトグラフィー（IC）を用いて，海水中の無機態窒素（亜硝酸イオン，硝酸イオン，アンモニウムイオン）の選択的同時定量を検討した．亜硝酸イオン，硝酸イオンは，分離カラムとしてジラウリルジメチルアンモニウムブロミド（DDAB）を平衡吸着させたシリカ一体モノリス型ODSカラム，溶離液として0.4 M塩化カリウム＋5 mMリン酸緩衝液（pH 5.0）を用いて分離された後，海水中に存在する共存イオン …
NAID 10030495263

歯科治療が予定された封入体筋炎患者にロクロニウム, スガマデクス, セボフルランによる全身麻酔を行った1例

曽我部健,野口いづみ,戸井尚子,砂川秀樹,河原博
日本歯科麻酔学会雑誌 40(3), 318-319, 2012-07-15
NAID 10030799116

「bromide」

Sodium bromide
Names
	IUPAC name Sodium bromide
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	7647-15-6 ; 13466-08-5 (dihydrate)
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1644694
ChemSpider	22712
	InChI InChI=1S/BrH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 ; Key: JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/BrH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1; Key: JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-REWHXWOFAR ;
Jmol-3D images	Image
PubChem	253881
RTECS number	VZ3150000
	SMILES [Na+].[Br-] ;
UNII	LC1V549NOM
Properties
Chemical formula	BrNa
Molar mass	102.89 g·mol−1
Appearance	White powder, hygroscopic
Density	3.21 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 2.18 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
Melting point	747 °C (1,377 °F; 1,020 K); (anhydrous); 36 °C (97 °F; 309 K); (dihydrate) decomposes
Boiling point	1,390 °C (2,530 °F; 1,660 K)
Solubility in water	71.35 g/100 mL (−20 °C); 79.52 g/100 mL (0 °C); 94.32 g/100 mL (25 °C); 104.9 g/100 mL (40 °C); 116.2 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	Soluble in alcohol, liquid ammonia, pyridine, hydrazine, SO2, amine; Insoluble in acetone, acetonitrile
Solubility in methanol	17.3 g/100 g (0 °C); 16.8 g/100 g (20 °C); 16.1 g/100 g (40 °C); 15.3 g/100 g (60 °C)
Solubility in ethanol	2.45 g/100 g (0 °C); 2.32 g/100 g (20 °C); 2.29 g/100 g (30 °C); 2.35 g/100 g (70 °C)
Solubility in formic acid	19.3 g/100 g (18 °C); 19.4 g/100 g (25 °C)
Solubility in glycerol	38.7 g/100 g (20 °C)
Solubility in dimethylformamide	3.2 g/100 g (10.3 °C)
Vapor pressure	1 torr (806 °C); 5 torr (903 °C)
Thermal conductivity	5.6 W/m·K (150 K)
Refractive index (nD)	1.6428 (24 °C); nKrF = 1.8467 (24 °C); nHe–Ne = 1.6389 (24 °C)
Viscosity	1.42 cP (762 °C); 1.08 cP (857 °C); 0.96 cP (937 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	Cubic
Lattice constant	a = 5.97 Å
Thermochemistry
Specific; heat capacity (C)	51.4 J/mol·K
Std molar; entropy (So298)	86.82 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfHo298)	−361.41 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)	−349.3 kJ/mol
Hazards
Safety data sheet	External MSDS
EU Index	Not listed
R-phrases	R36
S-phrases	(S2), S24/25, S46
NFPA 704	0 2 0
Flash point	800 °C (1,470 °F; 1,070 K)
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (Median dose)	3500 mg/kg (rats, oral)
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium fluoride; Sodium chloride; Sodium iodide
Other cations	Lithium bromide; Potassium bromide; Rubidium bromide; Caesium bromide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is: /?)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

n.

臭化物、ブロム剤

「bromides」

　　[★]

n.

臭化物、ブロム剤

[chemister-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=714

[sioc-2] Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). D. Van Nostrand Company.

[pphoic-3] Pradyot, Patnaik (2003). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ISBN 0-07-049439-8.

[korde-4] "Sodium Bromide (NaBr)". http://www.korth.de. Korth Kristalle GmbH. Retrieved 2014-06-11.

[5] Polyanskiy, Mikhail. "Refractive index of NaBr (Sodium bromide) - Li". http://www.refractiveindex.info. Retrieved 2014-06-11.

[scl-6] "Sodium bromide MSDS" (PDF). http://www.sciencelab.com. Sciencelab.com, Inc. 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2014-06-11.

[Ullmann-7] Michael J. Dagani, Henry J. Barda, Theodore J. Benya, David C. Sanders "Bromine Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2000. doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_405

[8] ttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-009-9381-2#page-1

[9] "Bromide: Potassium & Sodium". http://www.canine-epilepsy.com. Canine-Epilepsy Resources. 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2014-06-11.

匿名

検索

案内

案内

sodium bromide