WordNet

prepare or position for action or operation; "lay a fire"; "lay the foundation for a new health care plan"
put in a horizontal position; "lay the books on the table"; "lay the patient carefully onto the bed" (同)put down, repose
impose as a duty, burden, or punishment; "lay a responsibility on someone"
lay eggs; "This hen doesnt lay"
not of or from a profession; "a lay opinion as to the cause of the disease"
make or form a layer; "layer the different colored sands"
single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance; "slices of hard-boiled egg on a bed of spinach" (同)bed
a hen that lays eggs
thin structure composed of a single thickness of cells
a relatively thin sheetlike expanse or region lying over or under another
cover or stain with slime; "The snake slimed his victim"
with one layer on top of another; "superimposed rocks" (同)superimposed

PrepTutorEJDIC

《場所の副詞[句]を伴って》‘を'『置く』,横たえる / ‘を'『きちんと置く』(並べる),〈土台など〉‘を'すえる,〈鉄道など〉‘を'敷設する / …‘を'『用意する』,準備する / (…に)〈身体の一部〉‘を'置く,つける《+『名』+『on』(『to』)+『名』》 / (…に)〈信頼・愛情〉‘を'置く,寄せる,託す;〈強調・重要性など〉‘を'置く《+『名』+『on』+『名』》 / 〈ほこり・波・風など〉‘を'押さえる,〈恐れ亡霊など〉‘を'静める,なだめる / 〈卵〉‘を'産む / 〈かけ〉‘を'する;(…に)〈金〉‘を'かける《+『名』+『on』+『名』》 / (…に)〈税・罰金・義務など〉‘を'課する,〈重荷・責任など〉‘を'負わせる《+『名』+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》 / 〈悪事など〉‘を'(…の)せいにする《+『名』+『against』(『to』)+『名』》 / 《状態を表す副詩[句]を伴って》(特によくない状態に)…‘を'『置く』,する / (…に)〈権利の主張・報告など〉‘を'提出する,申し出る《+『名』+『before』(『to』)+『名』》 / (…で)…‘の'表面をおおう《+『名』+『with』+『名』》;(…に)…‘を'広げる《+『名』+『on』+『名』》 / 卵を産む / 位置,配置,地形,地勢
lieの過去形
(歌うために書かれた)短い物語詩 / 《詩》(一般に)歌,調べ
(僧職にある人に対して)俗人の / (専門家に対して)しろうとの,門外漢の
《複合語を作って》(物を)積む人(物),置く人(物) / 卵を産む鶏・層;(ペンキなどの)一塗り;一皮 / (園芸で)取り木 / …‘を'層にする / 〈植物〉‘を'取り木する
ねば土; （カタツムリ･魚などの）粘液, ぬめり; 嫌な物・ねば土［粘液］を塗る［除く，で覆う］・どろどろ[ぬるぬる，ねばねば]するもの; (川底などの)軟泥，へどろ・
(体格などが)ほっそりとした,細い / (量・程度などが)わずかの,少しの(slight) / 〈体,体の一部分〉‘を'細くする / (減食・運動などで)体重を減らしてやせる《+『down』》

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/14 16:40:06」(JST)

wiki en

A slime layer in bacteria is an easily removed (by centrifugation, etc.), unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds bacteria cells. Specifically, this consists mostly of exopolysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids.

The slime layer is not to be confused with the S-layer, a separate and highly organised glycoprotein layer surrounding many bacterial cells.

The function of the slime layer is to protect the bacteria cells from environmental dangers such as antibiotics and desiccation. The slime layer also allows bacteria to adhere to smooth surfaces such as prosthetic medical devices and catheters. It may permit bacterial colonies to survive chemical sterilization with chlorine, iodine, and other chemicals, leaving autoclaving or flushing with boiling water as the only certain methods of decontamination.

A bacterial capsule is similar, but is a well ordered structure that is resistant to washing off.

UpToDate Contents

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1. ロッキー山紅斑熱リケッチア感染の生物学 biology of rickettsia rickettsii infection
2. ツツガ虫病：臨床的特徴および診断 scrub typhus clinical features and diagnosis
3. HIV陰性患者における結核の診断 diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in hiv negative patients
4. コアグラーゼ陰性ブドウ球菌の疫学、微生物学、および病因 epidemiology microbiology and pathogenesis of coagulase negative staphylococci
5. 健常者および疾患を有する患者における腸内細菌叢の分布 spatial organization of intestinal microbiota in health and disease

English Journal

Collective surfing of chemically active particles.

Masoud H1, Shelley MJ2.
Physical review letters.Phys Rev Lett.2014 Mar 28;112(12):128304. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
We study theoretically the collective dynamics of immotile particles bound to a 2D surface atop a 3D fluid layer. These particles are chemically active and produce a chemical concentration field that creates surface-tension gradients along the surface. The resultant Marangoni stresses create flows t
PMID 24724685

Effect of temperature on short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) accumulation and microbiological transformation in sludge alkaline fermentation with Ca(OH)2 adjustment.

Li X1, Peng Y2, Ren N1, Li B3, Chai T1, Zhang L1.
Water research.Water Res.2014 Mar 22;61C:34-45. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.03.030. [Epub ahead of print]
The effects of temperatures (15-55 °C) on the alkaline fermentation of sewage sludge were investigated in semi-continuous stirred tank reactors (semi - CSTR) at the pH of 10. The highest soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) yield was obtained at 55 °C (764.2 mg/(gVS L d)), while the highest s
PMID 24880243

Dewatering of Chlorella pyrenoidosa using diatomite dynamic membrane: filtration performance, membrane fouling and cake behavior.

Zhang Y1, Zhao Y1, Chu H2, Zhou X1, Dong B1.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces.2014 Jan 1;113:458-66. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.046. Epub 2013 Sep 28.
The diatomite dynamic membrane (DDM) was utilized to dewater Chlorella pyrenoidosa of 2 g dry weight/L under continuous-flow mode, whose ultimate algae concentration ranged from 43 g to 22 g dry weight/L of different culture time. The stable flux of DDM could reach 30 L/m(2) h over a 24 h operation
PMID 24148755

Japanese Journal

どじょう生体面粘液のCCD顕微鏡による観察と摩擦に関わる考察

海野都久子
トライボロジスト = JOURNAL OF JAPANESE SOCIETY OF TRIBOLOGISTS 49(4), 337-344, 2004-04-15
NAID 10012874581

亜鉛電解採取におにるPb-Ag-Ca系アノードの酸化物層の成長と電解挙動

高崎康志,渡辺斉,梅津良昭 [他],小池一男
資源と素材 : 資源・素材学会誌 : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan 120(3), 171-175, 2004-03-25
… The growth of the anodic oxide layer and electrolytic behavior of the Pb-0.5%Ag-xCa ( x = 0.4, 0.6 and 0.9mass%) anodes were studied in sulfuric acid solution for the as-cast specimen and the rolled-annealed materials. …
NAID 10012680126

製紙工業向け新型白水ろ過機の紹介

高橋知広
紙パ技協誌 57(6), 825-829,021, 2003
水の再生・再利用の対象としては, その汚染度の低さと水量の多さから, 抄紙白水の再利用が第一に考えられる。一般に抄紙白水は水温が40℃ 程度と高く, この抄紙白水を再利用することは蒸気使用量の削減にもつながり, 抄紙白水を再利用するメリットは大きい。また, この一方で, 現状では抄紙白水の再利用が進んでいない工場が多い状況にあり, 今後抄紙白水再利用設備の需要は拡大が予想される。<BR&gt …
NAID 130003689054