関: cloning vector

WordNet

a straight line segment whose length is magnitude and whose orientation in space is direction
(genetics) a virus or other agent that is used to deliver DNA to a cell
any agent (person or animal or microorganism) that carries and transmits a disease; "mosquitos are vectors of malaria and yellow fever"; "fleas are vectors of the plague"; "aphids are transmitters of plant diseases"; "when medical scientists talk about vectors they are usually talking about insects" (同)transmitter
a variable quantity that can be resolved into components
travel back and forth between two points
bobbin that passes the weft thread between the warp threads
public transport that consists of a bus or train or airplane that plies back and forth between two points

PrepTutorEJDIC

(数学で)ベクトル,方向量 / (ハエ・カなどの)病原媒介昆虫 / (飛行機,ミサイルなどの)脱路,軌道
(織機の)杼(ひ)(縦糸の間を走り横糸を通す器具) / (ミシンの)シャトル(下糸を入れる器具) / (特に短距離の)定期往復列車(バス,飛行機)便 / …‘を'前後(左右)に動かす,往復させる / 行ったり来たりする,左右に動く

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/29 00:26:34」(JST)

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A shuttle vector is a vector (usually a plasmid) constructed so that it can propagate in two different host species [1]. Therefore, DNA inserted into a shuttle vector can be tested or manipulated in two different cell types. The main advantage of these vectors is they can be manipulated in E. coli then used in a system which is more difficult or slower to use (e.g. yeast, other bacteria).

Shuttle vectors include plasmids that can propagate in eukaryotes and prokaryotes (e.g. both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli) or in different species of bacteria (e.g. both E. coli and Rhodococcus erythropolis). There are also adenovirus shuttle vectors, which can propagate in E. coli and mammals.

Shuttle vectors are frequently used to quickly make multiple copies of the gene in E. coli (amplification). They can also be used for in vitro experiments and modifications (e.g. mutagenesis, PCR)

One of the most common types of shuttle vectors is the yeast shuttle vector [2]. Almost all commonly used S. cerevisiae vectors are shuttle vectors. Yeast shuttle vectors have components that allow for replication and selection in both E. coli cells and yeast cells. The E. coli component of a yeast shuttle vector includes an origin of replication and a selectable marker, e.g. antibiotic resistance, Beta lactamase. The yeast component of a yeast shuttle vector includes an autonomously replicating sequence (ARS), a yeast centromere (CEN), and a yeast selectable marker (e.g. URA3, a gene that encodes an enzyme for uracil synthesis, Lodish et al. 2007).

References

An Introduction to Genetic Analysis, Griffiths et al., 7th ed. ISBN 0-7167-3771-X
Principles of Genetics, Snustad & Simmons, 4th ed. ISBN 0-471-69939-X
Molecular Cell Biology, Lodish et al., 6th ed. ISBN 1-4292-0314-5 Free online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mcb.TOC (accessed 17 Oct 2007)
Sherman, Fred. "9 Yeast Vectors" http://dbb.urmc.rochester.edu/labs/Sherman_f/yeast/9.html (accessed Sept. 30, 2007).
Yang et al., Characterization of the mobilization determinants of pAN12, a small replicon from Rhodococcus erythropolis AN12. Plasmid 57, 71-81.

UpToDate Contents

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1. アデノウイルスの病因およびベクター使用 adenovirus pathogenesis and vector applications
2. デング熱ウイルス感染症の疫学 epidemiology of dengue virus infections
3. 感染性疾病の媒介蚊 mosquito vectors of infectious diseases
4. シャーガス病の疫学および管理 epidemiology and control of chagas disease
5. 内臓リーシュマニア症の疫学および管理 epidemiology and control of visceral leishmaniasis

English Journal

Oligomerized alpha-helical KALA peptides with pendant arms bearing cell-adhesion, DNA-binding and endosome-buffering domains as efficient gene transfection vectors.

Guo XD, Wiradharma N, Liu SQ, Zhang LJ, Khan M, Qian Y, Yang YY.SourceInstitute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2012 Sep;33(26):6284-91. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
In this study, a number of KALA-based α-helical peptides were designed and synthesized as non-viral gene carriers. The effects of lysine and histidine residues in the pendant arms and cell-binding RGD motif on DNA binding, particle size, zeta potential, cytotoxicity and gene expression efficiency w
PMID 22698722

Plasmid integration method: a new tool for analysis of the essentiality and function of genes in S. aureus.

Yamachika S, Onodera Y, Hiramatsu K, Takase H.SourceOncology Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Japan.
Journal of microbiological methods.J Microbiol Methods.2012 Sep;90(3):250-5. Epub 2012 May 29.
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus and one of the major causes of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections. We established the convenient and reliable experimental system for analyzing the essentiality and function of genes, the plasmid integration (PI) method. This method is
PMID 22659180

Japanese Journal

Development of a High-Expression System for Staphylococcal Exfoliative Toxin Genes

ONUMA Kenta,TANABE Taishi,SATO Hisaaki
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science advpub(0), 1104200495, 2011
… The expression vector, pETA-exp2, was constructed based on Bacillus-Escherichia shuttle vector pHY300PLK. … The pETA-exp2 vector includes the regulator of the ETA gene (eta), the promoter and Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequences of eta, a SalI sequence at the end of the signal sequence of eta, a nucleotide sequence encoding mature ETA, an XhoI site, 6x His sequence just before the stop codon and the end of the transcription sequence of eta. …
NAID 130000677106

Characterization of a Cryptic Plasmid, pSM103mini, from Polyethylene-Glycol Degrading Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida Strain 103

TANI Akio,TANAKA Akiyuki,MINAMI Toshiyuki,KIMBARA Kazuhide,KAWAI Fusako
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 75(2), 295-298, 2011
… The pHSG398-fused plasmid (pHSG-SM103mini) functioned as a shuttle vector between strain 103 and Escherichia coli. …
NAID 130000406577