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The semispinalis capitis (complexus) is situated at the upper and back part of the neck, deep to the splenius, and medial to the longissimus cervicis and capitis. It is part of the transversospinales muscle group.

It arises by a series of tendons from the tips of the transverse processes of the upper six or seven thoracic and the seventh cervical vertebrae, and from the articular processes of the three cervical vertebrae above this (C4-C6).

The tendons, uniting, form a broad muscle, which passes upward, and is inserted between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone.

It lies deep to the trapezius muscle and can be palpated as firm round muscle mass just lateral to the cervical spinous processes.

The semispinalis muscles are innervated by the dorsal rami of the cervical spinal nerves.

Additional images

Occipital bone. Outer surface.
Base of skull. Inferior surface.
Semispinalis capitis muscle

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

Anatomy figure: 01:06-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Anatomy figure: 24:01-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Semispinalis_capitis_1 at the Duke University Health System's Orthopedics program
lesson6musclesofback at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)

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UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging of the head and neck using 3-T MRI: Investigation into the usefulness of liquid perfluorocarbon pads and choice of optimal fat suppression method.

Maehara M1, Ikeda K2, Kurokawa H3, Ohmura N4, Ikeda S3, Hirokawa Y3, Maehara S3, Utsunomiya K2, Tanigawa N3, Sawada S3.
Magnetic resonance imaging.Magn Reson Imaging.2014 Jun;32(5):440-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2014.01.011. Epub 2014 Jan 28.
PURPOSE: To investigate whether image quality can be improved using liquid perfluorocarbon pads (Sat Pad) and clarify the optimal fat-suppression method among chemical shift selective (CHESS), water excitation (WEX), and short TI inversion recovery (STIR) methods in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)
PMID 24582547

Anatomico-radiologic study of the distribution of the suboccipital artery of Salmon.

Macchi V1, Porzionato A1, Morra A2, D'Antoni AV3, Tubbs RS4, De Caro R5.
Clinical neurology and neurosurgery.Clin Neurol Neurosurg.2014 Feb;117:80-5. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.11.020. Epub 2013 Dec 7.
OBJECTIVES: The frequency of suboccipital injections to treat headaches has increased. The third segment of the vertebral artery is located in the suboccipital triangle and its main muscular branch, the suboccipital artery of Salmon (SAS), supplies blood to the suboccipital muscles. The purpose of t
PMID 24438810

Scalp neuralgia and headache elicited by cranial superficial anatomical causes: supraorbital neuralgia, occipital neuralgia, and post-craniotomy headache.

Shimizu S.
Rinshō shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology.Rinsho Shinkeigaku.2014;54(5):387-94.
Most scalp neuralgias are supraorbital or occipital. Although they have been considered idiopathic, recent studies revealed that some were attributable to mechanical irritation with the peripheral nerve of the scalp by superficial anatomical cranial structures. Supraorbital neuralgia involves entrap
PMID 24943074

Japanese Journal

頭蓋表層の解剖学的要因による頭皮神経痛と頭痛―眼窩上神経痛・後頭神経痛・開頭術後頭痛―

臨床神経学 54(5), 387-394, 2014
NAID 130004505576

脊椎・脊髄外科の基本手技 : 頚椎変性疾患について

脳神経外科ジャーナル = Japanese journal of neurosurgery 22(6), 435-442, 2013-06-20
NAID 10031158779

Bilateral Asymmetry of Semispinalis Capitis Muscle Thickness and Neck Motion during Prone Neck Extension in Subjects with Unilateral Posterior Neck Pain

Journal of Physical Therapy Science 25(1), 37-40, 2013
NAID 130004431921

「頭半棘筋」

Semispinalis capitis
	Section of the neck at about the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. Showing the arrangement of the deep cervical fascia (semispinalis capitis visible at bottom right).
	Deep muscles of the back. Semispinalis muscles labeled. Semispinalis capitis is the upper of the labeled ones.
Details
Latin	Musculus semispinalis capitis
Origin	Transverse processes of lower cervical and higher thoracic columna
Insertion	Area between superior and inferior nuchal line
Nerve	Greater occipital nerve
Actions	Extends the head
Identifiers
Gray's	p.400
Dorlands; /Elsevier	m_22/12550702
TA	A04.3.02.209
FMA	22830
	Anatomical terms of muscle