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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/24 14:51:59」(JST)

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The semispinalis capitis (complexus) is situated at the upper and back part of the neck, deep to the splenius, and medial to the longissimus cervicis and capitis. It is part of the transversospinales muscle group.

It arises by a series of tendons from the tips of the transverse processes of the upper six or seven thoracic and the seventh cervical vertebrae, and from the articular processes of the three cervical vertebrae above this (C4-C6).

The tendons, uniting, form a broad muscle, which passes upward, and is inserted between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone.

It lies deep to the trapezius muscle and can be palpated as firm round muscle mass just lateral to the cervical spinous processes.

The semispinalis muscles are innervated by the dorsal rami of the cervical spinal nerves.

Additional images

Occipital bone. Outer surface.
Base of skull. Inferior surface.
Semispinalis capitis muscle

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

Anatomy figure: 01:06-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Anatomy figure: 24:01-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Semispinalis_capitis_1 at the Duke University Health System's Orthopedics program
lesson6musclesofback at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)

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English Journal

Localised resistance selectively activates the semispinalis cervicis muscle in patients with neck pain.

Schomacher J1, Petzke F, Falla D.Author information 1Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark.AbstractThe semispinalis cervicis muscle displays reduced and less defined activation in patients with neck pain which is associated with increased activity of the splenius capitis muscle. Exercises to selectively activate the semispinalis cervicis muscle may be relevant for patients with neck pain however the most appropriate type of exercise has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a specific exercise could selectively activate the semispinalis cervicis muscle relative to the splenius capitis. Ten women with chronic neck pain participated. Intramuscular electrodes were inserted into the semispinalis cervicis and splenius capitis unilaterally on the side of greatest pain. After testing the maximal neck extension force, three isometric exercises were performed in sitting: 1. the investigator placed a hand on the patient's occiput and pushed into flexion asking the patient to resist into extension maximally, 2. the investigator placed the thumb and index finger on the vertebral arch of C2 and pushed into flexion asking the patient to resist maximally, 3. same procedure as for C2 however the resistance was applied at C5. The ratio between the normalized electromyography (EMG) amplitude of the semispinalis cervicis and splenius capitis was computed. The relative activation of the semispinalis cervicis was greater (P < 0.05) than the splenius capitis with resistance at C2 (2.53 ± 2.43) compared to resistance at the occiput (1.39 ± 1.00) or at C5 (1.16 ± 0.85). The results indicate that localized resistance can achieve relative isolation of the semispinalis cervicis muscle. This exercise approach may be relevant for patients with neck pain.
Manual therapy.Man Ther.2012 Dec;17(6):544-8. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2012.05.012. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
The semispinalis cervicis muscle displays reduced and less defined activation in patients with neck pain which is associated with increased activity of the splenius capitis muscle. Exercises to selectively activate the semispinalis cervicis muscle may be relevant for patients with neck pain however
PMID 22728210

Active myofascial trigger points might be more frequent in patients with cervical radiculopathy.

Sari H1, Akarirmak U, Uludag M.Author information 1Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Facultyì, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Istanbul, Turkey.AbstractBACKGROUND: Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are commonly observed in the neck, parascapular region, and upper back muscles of patients with cervical pathology.
European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine.Eur J Phys Rehabil Med.2012 Jun;48(2):237-44.
BACKGROUND: Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are commonly observed in the neck, parascapular region, and upper back muscles of patients with cervical pathology.AIM: To assess the frequency of latent and active myofascial trigger point (aMTrP) in the neck and upper back muscles in patients with cerv
PMID 22614890

Muscle restricted vasculitis causing dropped head syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.

Nielsen AA1, Smith BE, Engel AG, Bosch EP.Author information 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.AbstractA 52-year-old man presented with a severe head drop and proximal extremity weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed T2 hyperintensity in cervical paraspinal muscles. Electrodiagnostic studies revealed an axial myopathy isolated to paraspinal muscles. A splenius capitis muscle biopsy confirmed an acute myopathy associated with nonsystemic vasculitis. The patient improved on steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and monthly pulse doses of cyclophosphamide. Our case emphasizes that a subgroup of patients with dropped head syndrome have treatable conditions.
Journal of clinical neuromuscular disease.J Clin Neuromuscul Dis.2012 Mar;13(3):117-21. doi: 10.1097/CND.0b013e3182461992.
A 52-year-old man presented with a severe head drop and proximal extremity weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed T2 hyperintensity in cervical paraspinal muscles. Electrodiagnostic studies revealed an axial myopathy isolated to paraspinal muscles. A splenius capitis muscl
PMID 22538306

「頭半棘筋」

Semispinalis capitis
	Section of the neck at about the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. Showing the arrangement of the deep cervical fascia (semispinalis capitis visible at bottom right).
	Deep muscles of the back. Semispinalis muscles labeled. Semispinalis capitis is the upper of the labeled ones.
Details
Latin	Musculus semispinalis capitis
Origin	Transverse processes of lower cervical and higher thoracic columna
Insertion	Area between superior and inferior nuchal line
Nerve	Greater occipital nerve
Actions	Extends the head
Identifiers
Gray's	p.400
Dorlands; /Elsevier	m_22/12550702
TA	A04.3.02.209
FMA	22830
	Anatomical terms of muscle