rove beetle

アオバアリガタハネカクシ

WordNet

1. fly or go in a manner resembling a beetle; "He beetled up the staircase"; "They beetled off home"
2. insect having biting mouthparts and front wings modified to form horny covers overlying the membranous rear wings
3. jutting or overhanging; "beetle brows" (同)beetling
4. beat with a beetle
5. biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop (同)common beet, Beta_vulgaris
6. round red root vegetable (同)beetroot

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 甲虫,カブトムシ;(一般に)甲虫に似た虫類(ゴキブリなど)
2. (木製の)大づち,かけや,布打ち用のつち,すりこぎ,きね / (大づちで)…'を'打ち込む
3. 〈まゆ,がけなどが〉出っぱっている,突き出る / 出っぱっている;(特にまゆ毛が)突き出ている
4. 〈C〉《しばしば複数形》(野菜サラダなどに用いる)赤かぶ,サンゴジュナ(red beet)(葉・根ともに食用) / 〈U〉〈C〉《米》その根の部分《英》beetroot) / 〈C〉砂糖大根
5. 放浪する / 特定の仕事・場所なしでつとめる
6. reeveの過去・過去分詞
7. さまよう / …‘を'さまよう
8. =beetle {形}

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/02/20 15:55:51」(JST)

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Rove beetles
Rove beetles of western Eurasia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Polyphaga
Infraorder:	Staphyliniformia
Superfamily:	Staphylinoidea
Family:	Staphylinidae Lameere, 1900
Subfamilies
Aleocharinae Apateticinae Dasycerinae Empelinae Euaesthetinae Glypholomatinae Habrocerinae Leptotyphlinae Megalopsidiinae Micropeplinae Microsilphinae Neophoninae Olisthaerinae Omaliinae Osoriinae Oxyporinae Oxytelinae Paederinae Phloeocharinae Piestinae Proteininae Protopselaphinae Pselaphinae Pseudopsinae Scaphidiinae Solieriinae Staphylininae Steninae Tachyporinae Trichophyinae Trigonurinae

The rove beetles are a family (Staphylinidae) of beetles, primarily distinguished by their short elytra that leave more than half of their abdomens exposed. With approximately 58,000 species in thousands of genera, the group is currently recognized as the largest family of beetles. It is an ancient group, with fossil rove beetles known from the Triassic, 200 million years ago, and possibly even earlier if the genus Leehermania proves to be a member of this family. They are an ecologically and morphologically diverse group of beetles, and commonly encountered in terrestrial ecosystems.

One well-known species is the Devil's coach horse beetle. For some other species, see List of British rove beetles.

Anatomy

As might be expected for such a large family, there is considerable variation among the species. Sizes range from <1 to 35 mm (1.5 inches), with most in the 2–8 mm range, and the form is generally elongate, with some rove beetles being ovoid in shape. Colors range from yellow to reddish-brown to brown to black. The antennae are usually 11 segmented and filiform, with moderate clubbing in some genera. The abdomen may be very long and flexible, and some rove beetles superficially resemble earwigs.

Some members of Paederina, a subtribe of Paederinae, contain a potent vesicant in their haemolymph which can produce a skin irritation called dermatitis linearis. which in English has unfortunately acquired the inaccurate name Paederus dermatitis. The irritant pederin is highly toxic, more potent than cobra venom.

• Ocypus sp.

• Tachyporus obtusus

• Ocypus olens

• Paederus littoralis

• Cordalia tsavoana

• Play media

  Ontholestes tessellatus

Ecology

Rove beetles are known from every type of habitat that beetles occur in, and their diets include just about everything except the living tissues of higher plants, but now including higher plants with the discovery of the diet of Himalusa thailandensis. Most rove beetles are predators of insects and other kinds of invertebrates, living in forest leaf litter and similar kinds of decaying plant matter. They are also commonly found under stones, and around freshwater margins. Almost 400 species are known to live on ocean shores that are submerged at high tide although these are much fewer than 1% of the worldwide total of Staphylinidae. These include the pictured rove beetle;. Other species have adapted to live as inquilines in ant and termite colonies, and some live in mutualistic relationships with mammals whereby they eat fleas and other parasites, benefiting the host. A few species, notably those of the genus Aleochara, are parasitoids of other insects, particularly of certain fly pupae.

Although rove beetles' appetites for other insects would seem to make them obvious candidates for biological control of pests, and empirically they are believed to be important controls in the wild, experiments using them have not been notably successful. Greater success is seen with those species (genus Aleochara) that are parasitoids.

Rove beetles of the genus Stenus are very interesting insects. They are specialist predators of small invertebrates such as collembola. Their labium can shoot out from the head using blood pressure. The thin rod of the labium ends in a pad of bristly hairs and hooks and between these hairs are small pores that exude an adhesive glue-like substance, which sticks to prey.

Systematics

Classification of the 46,275 (as of 1998) staphylinid species is ongoing and controversial, with some workers proposing an organization of as many as ten separate families, but the current favored system is one of 31 subfamilies, about 100 tribes (some grouped into supertribes), and about 3,200 genera. About 400 new species are being described each year, and some estimates suggest 3/4 of tropical species are as yet undescribed.

References

• Ross H. Arnett, Jr. and Michael C. Thomas, American Beetles (CRC Press, 2001), vol. 1

Important works on Staphylinidae

For the Palaearctic Fauna the most up to date works are:

• Lohse, G.A. (1964) Familie: Staphylinidae. In: Freude, H., Harde, K.W. & Lohse, G.A. (Eds.), Die Käfer Mitteleuropas. Band 4, Staphylinidae I (Micropeplinae bis Tachyporinae). Krefeld: Goecke & Evers Verlag, 264 pp.
• Lohse, G.A. (1974) Familie: Staphylinidae. In: Freude, H., Harde, K.W. & Lohse, G.A. (Eds.), Die Käfer Mitteleuropas. Band 5, Staphylinidae II (Hypocyphtinae und Aleocharinae). Pselaphidae. Krefeld: Goecke & Evers Verlag, 381 pp.
• Lohse, G.A. (1989) Ergänzungen und Berichtigungen zu Freude-Harde-Lohse "Die Käfer Mitteleuropas" Band 5 (1974), pp. 185–243 In: Lohse, G.A. & Lucht, W.H. (Eds.), Die Käfer Mitteleuropas. 1. Supplementband mit Katalogteil. Krefeld: Goecke & Evers Verlag, pp. 185–243.

Regional works

Europe

• Lott, D.A. (2009). The Staphylinidae (rove beetles) of Britain and Ireland. Part 5: Scaphidiinae, Piestinae, Oxytelinae. Handbooks for the identification of British insects, vol. 12, part 5. St Albans: Royal Entomological Society.British and Irish fauna only
• Tronquet, M. (2006). Catalogue iconographique des Coléoptères des Pyrénées-Orientales. Vol. 1: Staphylinidae. Supplément au Tome XV de la Revue de l’Association Roussillonnaise d’Entomologie. Perpignan: Association Roussillonnaise d’Entomologie.Extensively illustrated

External links

• Digital Library of Early Works on Staphylinidae
• Catalog of the Staphylinidae1758 to the end of the second millennium.[1]
• rove beetles of the world on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
• rove beetles of Florida on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 成人における急性中毒性代謝性脳症 acute toxic metabolic encephalopathy in adults
• 2. 成人における吸入剤の到達 delivery of inhaled medication in adults

English Journal

• Specialized Myrmecophily at the Ecological Dawn of Modern Ants.

• Parker J1, Grimaldi DA2.
• Current biology : CB.Curr Biol.2014 Oct 1. pii: S0960-9822(14)01142-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.08.068. [Epub ahead of print]
• Myrmecophiles-species that depend on ant societies-include some of the most morphologically and behaviorally specialized animals known [1]. Remarkable adaptive characters enable these creatures to bypass fortress-like security, integrate into colony life, and exploit abundant resources and protectio
• PMID 25283779

• Paederus dermatitis in Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey: a report of 57 cases.

• Turan E.
• Cutaneous and ocular toxicology.Cutan Ocul Toxicol.2014 Sep;33(3):228-32. doi: 10.3109/15569527.2013.834499. Epub 2013 Oct 22.
• BACKGROUND: Paederus dermatitis (PD), which is an irritant contact dermatitis, is common throughout the world and caused by rove beetles.OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical features of PD and the level of knowledge of patients from the city of Batman and surrounding areas who presented with the condi
• PMID 24147940

• Necrophilous Staphylininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) as indicators of season of death and corpse relocation.

• Mądra A1, Konwerski S2, Matuszewski S3.
• Forensic science international.Forensic Sci Int.2014 Sep;242:32-7. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.06.011. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
• Several case studies confirm that habitat and seasonal preferences of necrophilous insects are the source of valuable information about the season of death or corpse relocation. Rove beetles (Staphylinidae) are common predators found on corpses and subfamily Staphylininae includes species of the lar
• PMID 25016538

Japanese Journal

• Rediscovery of the Intertidal Rove Beetle, Liparocephalus tokunagai SAKAGUTI (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from Shikoku

• Elytra. New series = / 日本甲虫学会 [編] 1(2), 187-189, 2011-12-31
• NAID 10030300788

• New Record of the Seashore Genus Salinamexus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from Japan, with Descriptions of a New Species

• ESAKIA 50, 105-114, 2011-02-28
• NAID 80021708219

• New Record of the Seashore Genus Heterota (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from Japan, with Description of a New Species

• ESAKIA 50, 97-104, 2011-02-28
• NAID 80021708218

Related Links

• Rove Beetles (Family Staphylinidae): Profile

People often mistake rove beetles for earwigs. These tiny beetles make up the family Staphylinidae, which may be the largest of all beetle families. Learn the habits and traits of rove beetles.

• rove beetle | insect | Britannica.com

MLA style: "rove beetle". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2015. Web. 17 Dec. 2015 < http://www.britannica.com/animal/rove-beetle >. APA style: rove beetle. (2015). In Encyclopædia Britannica

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★リンクテーブル★

関連記事	「roving」「beet」「beetle」

「roving」

　　[★]

• n.

• 放浪。遠的を射ること

• adj.

• 放浪する。常駐しない、移動する、移動式の。とりとめのない、寄り道する

(stege 1 sleep)EMG activity is decreased, compared with relaxed wakefulness, and there are slow, roving eye movements.

　

「beet」

　　[★]

テンサイ、フダンソウ

関

Beta vulgaris、chard

　 　 　

「beetle」

　　[★]

カブトムシ

関

Coleoptera