WordNet

first in order of importance; "the alpha male in the group of chimpanzees"; "the alpha star in a constellation is the brightest or main star"
the 1st letter of the Greek alphabet
the beginning of a series or sequence; "the Alpha and Omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end"--Revelations
early testing stage of a software or hardware product; "alpha version"
a potent substance that acts like a hormone and is found in many bodily tissues (and especially in semen); produced in response to trauma and may affect blood pressure and metabolism and smooth muscle activity
any high mountain
the 6th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)f

PrepTutorEJDIC

アルファ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第1字A,α;英語のA,aに相当) / アルファ星(星座の主星)
高山,高峰

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/08/01 14:51:34」(JST)

wiki en

Prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α in prostanoid nomenclature), pharmaceutically termed dinoprost (INN), is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used in medicine to induce labor and as an abortifacient.

In domestic mammals, it is produced by the uterus when stimulated by oxytocin, in the event that there has been no implantation during the follicular phase. It acts on the corpus luteum to cause luteolysis, forming a corpus albicans and stopping the production of progesterone. Action of PGF_2α is dependent on the number of receptors on the corpus luteum membrane.

The PGF_2α isoform 8-iso-PGF_2α was found in significantly increased amounts in patients with endometriosis, thus being a potential causative link in endometriosis-associated oxidative stress.^[1]

Mechanism of action

PGF_2α acts by binding to the prostaglandin F2α receptor.

Synthesis

In 2012 a concise and highly stereoselective total synthesis of PGF_2α was described.^[2] The synthesis requires only seven steps, a huge improvement on the original 17-steps synthesis of Corey and Cheng,^[3] and uses 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran as a starting reagent, with S-proline as an asymmetric catalyst.

Analogues

The following medications are analogues of prostaglandin F_2α:

Latanoprost
Bimatoprost
Travoprost
Carboprost

References

^ Sharma, I.; Dhaliwal, L.; Saha, S.; Sangwan, S.; Dhawan, V. (2010). "Role of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha and 25-hydroxycholesterol in the pathophysiology of endometriosis". Fertility and Sterility 94 (1): 63–70. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.141. PMID 19324352.
^ Coulthard, G.; Erb, W.; Aggarwal, V. K. (2012). "Stereocontrolled organocatalytic synthesis of prostaglandin PGF2α in seven steps". Nature 489 (7415): 278–281. doi:10.1038/nature11411. PMID 22895192.
^ Corey, E.J.; Cheng, X.M. (1995). The Logic of Chemical Synthesis. Wiley.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 経腟分娩後の出血管理 management of postpartum hemorrhage at vaginal delivery
2. 産褥性子宮内反症 puerperal uterine inversion
3. 高リスクの心血管疾患における出産および分娩時の麻酔：部位別 anesthesia for labor and delivery in high risk cardiovascular disease specific lesions
4. 思春期における原発性月経困難症 primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents
5. 成人女性における原発性月経困難症：臨床的特徴および診断 primary dysmenorrhea in adult women clinical features and diagnosis

English Journal

Effect of long-term vitamin E and selenium supplementation on urine F2-isoprostanes, a biomarker of oxidative stress.

Guertin KA1, Grant RK1, Arnold KB2, Burwell L1, Hartline J2, Goodman PJ2, Minasian LM3, Lippman SM4, Klein E5, Cassano PA6.
Free radical biology & medicine.Free Radic Biol Med.2016 Jun;95:349-56. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.010. Epub 2016 Mar 22.
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking generates reactive oxidant species and contributes to systemic oxidative stress, which plays a role in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases. Nutrients with antioxidant properties, including vitamin E and selenium, are proposed to reduce systemic oxidative burden and
PMID 27012420

Circulating progesterone dynamics after intravaginal instillation of prostaglandin-F2α to lactating dairy cows.

Wijma R1, Stangaferro ML1, Giordano JO2.
Theriogenology.Theriogenology.2016 Jun;85(9):1660-8. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.01.025. Epub 2016 Feb 4.
Our objectives were to evaluate circulating progesterone (P4) concentration dynamics and test the feasibility of inducing luteal regression after intravaginal (IVG) instillation of the PGF2α analogue dinoprost (PGF) in lactating dairy cows. In two experiments, cows were synchronized using the Ovsyn
PMID 26928644

Interplay between TDP-43 and docosahexaenoic acid-related processes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Cacabelos D1, Ayala V2, Granado-Serrano AB3, Jové M4, Torres P5, Boada J6, Cabré R7, Ramírez-Núñez O8, Gonzalo H9, Soler-Cantero A10, Serrano JC11, Bellmunt MJ12, Romero MP13, Motilva MJ14, Nonaka T15, Hasegawa M16, Ferrer I17, Pamplona R18, Portero-Otín M19.
Neurobiology of disease.Neurobiol Dis.2016 Apr;88:148-60. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.01.007. Epub 2016 Jan 12.
BACKGROUND: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a key lipid in nervous system homeostasis, is depleted in the spinal cord of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) patients. However, the basis for such loss was unknown.METHODS: DHA synthetic machinery was evaluated in spinal cord samples from ALS pat
PMID 26805387

Japanese Journal

The effect of leg hyperthermia using far infrared rays in bedridden subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Kawaura Akihiko,Tanida Noritoshi,Kamitani Masato,Akiyama Junichi,Mizutani Masatoshi,Tsugawa Naoko,Okano Toshio,Takeda Eiji
Acta Medica Okayama 64(2), 143-147, 2010-04
… Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, free fatty acid, leptin, adiponectin and plasma 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-epi-PGF2alpha) levels as a marker of oxidative stress were measured on admission, just before and 2 weeks after local heating of the leg. … Results showed that plasma total 8-epi-PGF2alpha levels were decreased significantly while TNFalpha levels were increased significantly. …
NAID 120002311883

Increased isoprostane levels in oleic acid-induced lung injury

Ono Koichi,Koizumi Tomonobu,Tsushima Kenji,Yoshikawa Sumiko,Yokoyama Toshiki,Nakagawa Rikimaru,Obata Toru
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 388(2), 297-300, 2009-10-16
… Fifteen anesthetized sheep were ventilated and instrumented with a lung lymph fistula and vascular catheters for blood gas analysis and measurement of isoprostanes (8-epi prostaglandin F2 alpha). …
NAID 120002721841

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「プロスタグランジンF2α」「prostaglandin F2」
関連記事	「prostaglandin F2」「prostaglandin」「alpha」「F」「prostaglandins」

「プロスタグランジンF2α」

Dinoprost
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(Z)-7-[(1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(E,3S)- 3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Routes of; administration	Intravenous (to induce labor), intra-amniotic (to induce abortion)
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life	3 to 6 hours in amniotic fluid, less than 1 minute in blood plasma
Identifiers
CAS Number	551-11-1 38562-01-5
ATC code	G02AD01 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 5280363
IUPHAR/BPS	1884
DrugBank	DB01160
ChemSpider	4444062
KEGG	D01352
ChEMBL	CHEMBL815
Chemical data
Formula	C20H34O5
Molar mass	354.48 g/mol
	SMILES O=C(O)CCC/C=C\C[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1/C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCCC ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C20H34O5/c1-2-3-6-9-15(21)12-13-17-16(18(22)14-19(17)23)10-7-4-5-8-11-20(24)25/h4,7,12-13,15-19,21-23H,2-3,5-6,8-11,14H2,1H3,(H,24,25)/b7-4-,13-12+/t15-,16+,17+,18-,19+/m0/s1 ; Key:PXGPLTODNUVGFL-YNNPMVKQSA-N ;
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