WordNet

a contraceptive device consisting of a flexible dome-shaped cup made of rubber or plastic; it is filled with spermicide and fitted over the uterine cervix (同)pessary, contraceptive diaphragm
a mechanical device in a camera that controls size of aperture of the lens; "the new cameras adjust the diaphragm automatically" (同)stop
electro-acoustic transducer that vibrates to receive or produce sound waves
(anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities; functions in respiration (同)midriff

PrepTutorEJDIC

ペッサリー(避妊用子宮せん);腟(ちつ)挿入座薬
横隔膜 / (一般に仕切りとなる)隔膜,仕切板 / (電話機などの)振動板 / (カメラなどの)絞り / (避妊用)ペッサリー

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/08 15:42:39」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

A pessary is a medical device inserted into the vagina, either to provide structural support, or as a method of delivering medication.^[1]

An assortment of pessaries

Types of pessaries

Different types of pessaries

Therapeutic pessaries

A therapeutic pessary is a medical device similar to the outer ring of a diaphragm. Therapeutic pessaries are used to support the uterus, vagina, bladder, or rectum. Pessaries are a treatment option for pelvic organ prolapse.^[2] A pessary is most commonly used to treat prolapse of the uterus. It is also used to treat stress urinary incontinence, a retroverted uterus, cystocele and rectocele. Historically, pessaries may have been used to perform abortions.

The pessary can be placed temporarily or permanently, and must be fitted by a physician, physician assistant, midwife, or advanced practice nurse. Some pessaries can be worn during intercourse.

Pharmaceutical pessaries

A pharmaceutical pessary is used as a very effective means of delivery of pharmaceutical substances easily absorbed through the skin of the vagina or rectum, or intended to have action in the locality, for example against inflammation or infection, or on the uterus. Pessaries were used as birth control in ancient times.

Occlusive pessaries

An occlusive pessary is generally used in combination with spermicide as a contraceptive.

Stem pessary

The stem pessary, a type of occlusive pessary, was an early form of the cervical cap. Shaped like a dome, it covered the cervix, and a central rod or "stem" entered the uterus through the os, to hold it in place.^[3]

General side effects

Side effects that are shared among most different types of pessaries are risks of increased vaginal discharge, vaginal irritation, ulceration, bleeding, and dyspareunia (painful intercourse for the male or female).

References

^ http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pessary?s=t
^ American Urogynecologic Society (May 5, 2015), "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation (American Urogynecologic Society), retrieved June 1, 2015 , which cites: * Culligan, PJ (April 2012). "Nonsurgical management of pelvic organ prolapse.". Obstetrics and gynecology 119 (4): 852–60. PMID 22433350.
1. - ACOG Committee on Practice, Bulletins--Gynecology (September 2007). "ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 85: Pelvic organ prolapse.". Obstetrics and gynecology 110 (3): 717–29. PMID 17766624. .
^ Contraceptive Stem Pessary in Aluminium

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 臓器脱および尿失禁のペッサリー治療 vaginal pessary treatment of prolapse and incontinence
2. 女性における骨盤臓器脱の疫学、危険因子、臨床症状、および管理の概要 an overview of the epidemiology risk factors clinical manifestations and management of pelvic organ prolapse in women
3. 尿失禁の治療 treatment of urinary incontinence
4. 膣後壁欠損の臨床症状、診断、および非外科的管理 clinical manifestations diagnosis and nonsurgical management of posterior vaginal defects
5. 女性における腹圧性尿失禁：外科的治療後の症状の持続または再発 stress urinary incontinence in women persistent recurrent symptoms after surgical treatment

English Journal

Patient characteristics associated with treatment choice for pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence.

Sullivan SA1, Davidson ER1, Bretschneider CE1, Liberty AL1, Geller EJ2.
International urogynecology journal.Int Urogynecol J.2015 Dec 7. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) frequently undergo more than one treatment prior to settling on their final strategy. We hypothesize that women who are younger, with worse POP and SUI symptoms will desire and choose surgical t
PMID 26642799

Sexual Function and Pessary Management among Women Using a Pessary for Pelvic Floor Disorders.

Meriwether KV1, Komesu YM1, Craig E1, Qualls C2, Davis H2, Rogers RG1.
The journal of sexual medicine.J Sex Med.2015 Dec 3. doi: 10.1111/jsm.13060. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Pessaries are commonly used to treat pelvic floor disorders, but little is known about the sexual function of pessary users.AIM: We aimed to describe sexual function among pessary users and pessary management with regard to sexual activity.METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of a ran
PMID 26632106