副交感神経節
- 関
- parasympathetic ganglion
WordNet
- of or relating to the parasympathetic nervous system
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 副交感神経の / 副交感神経
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/22 12:33:00」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Parasympathetic ganglion |
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Autonomic nervous system innervation, showing the sympathetic and parasympathetic (craniosacral) systems, in red and blue, respectively
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| Latin |
ganglion parasympathicum |
| Code |
TA A14.2.00.012 |
| Anatomical terminology |
Parasympathetic ganglia are the autonomic ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system. Most are small terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia, so named because they lie near or within (respectively) the organs they innervate. The exceptions are the four paired parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck.
Contents
- 1 Parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck
- 2 Roots
- 3 Nerves supplying parasympathetic fibers
- 4 External links
Parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck
These paired ganglia supply all parasympathetic innervation to the head and neck.
- ciliary ganglion (sphincter pupillae, ciliary muscle)
- pterygopalatine ganglion (lacrimal gland, glands of nasal cavity)
- submandibular ganglion (submandibular and sublingual glands)
- otic ganglion (parotid gland)
Roots
Each has three roots entering the ganglion and a variable number of exiting branches.
- The motor root carries presynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibers (GVE) that terminate in the ganglion by synapsing the postsynaptic fibers traveling to target organs.
- The sympathetic root carries postsynaptic sympathetic fibers (GVE) that traverse the ganglion without synapsing.
- The sensory root carries general sensory fibers (GSA) that also do not synapse in the ganglion.
Some ganglia also carry special sensory fibers (SVA) for taste sensation.
Nerves supplying parasympathetic fibers
Parasympathetic ganglia of the head
- oculomotor nerve (ciliary ganglion)
- facial nerve (pterygopalatine ganglion, submandibular ganglion)
- glossopharyngeal nerve (otic ganglion)
- vagus nerve (no named ganglion)
- Pelvic splanchnic nerves (no named ganglion)
External links
- Histology image: 04601loa - Histology Learning System at Boston University
- Parasympathetic+ganglia at eMedicine Dictionary
- Autonomics of the Head and Neck - Page 4 of 14 anatomy module at med.umich.edu
- The Autonomic Nervous System from the University of Arizona
- Diagrams
- "Terminal ganglion - Auerbach's plexus - plastic section"
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Nerves – autonomic nervous system (sympathetic nervous system/ganglion/trunks and parasympathetic nervous system/ganglion) (TA A14.3, GA 9.968)
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Head/
cranial |
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Sympathetic
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- Ciliary ganglion: roots
- Short ciliary
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Parasympathetic
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- Ciliary ganglion: roots
- Short ciliary
- Pterygopalatine ganglion: deep petrosal
- nerve of pterygoid canal
- branches of distribution: greater palatine
- inferior posterior nasal branches
- lesser palatine
- nasopalatine
- medial superior posterior nasal branches
- pharyngeal
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Neck/
cervical |
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Sympathetic
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- paravertebral ganglia: Cervical ganglia
- Stellate ganglion
- prevertebral plexus: Cavernous plexus
- Internal carotid
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Chest/
thorax |
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Sympathetic
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- paravertebral ganglia: Thoracic ganglia
- prevertebral plexus: Cardiac plexus
- Esophageal plexus
- Pulmonary plexus
- Thoracic aortic plexus
- splanchnic nerves: cardiopulmonary
- thoracic
- cardiac nerves: Superior
- Middle
- Inferior
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Abdomen/
Lumbar |
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Sympathetic
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- paravertebral ganglia: Lumbar ganglia
- prevertebral ganglia:
- Celiac ganglia
- Aorticorenal
- Superior mesenteric ganglion
- Inferior mesenteric ganglion
- prevertebral plexus:
- Celiac plexus
- Hepatic
- Splenic
- Pancreatic
- aorticorenal
- Abdominal aortic plexus
- Renal/Suprarenal
- Superior mesenteric
- Inferior mesenteric
- Superior hypogastric
- hypogastric nerve
- Superior rectal
- Inferior hypogastric
- Vesical
- Prostatic / Cavernous nerves of penis
- Uterovaginal
- Middle rectal
- splanchnic nerves: Lumbar splanchnic nerves
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Enteric
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- Meissner's plexus
- Auerbach's plexus
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Pelvis/
sacral |
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Sympathetic
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- paravertebral ganglia: Sacral ganglia
- Ganglion impar
- splanchnic nerves: Sacral splanchnic nerves
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Parasympathetic
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- splanchnic nerves: Pelvic splanchnic nerves
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anat (h/r/t/c/b/l/s/a)/phys (r)/devp/prot/nttr/nttm/ntrp
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noco/auto/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 手首および手のガングリオン嚢胞ganglion cysts of the wrist and hand [show details]
… recurrent ganglia, another five improved with repeat aspirations. There were no complications from ganglia aspirations. Adjunctive techniques such as performing multiple punctures of the ganglion walls or …
- 2. 気道の神経制御neuronal control of the airways [show details]
…muscle, mucus glands, arterioles) are located. Airway parasympathetic ganglia are primarily found in the extrapulmonary airways. Parasympathetic ganglia containing as few as one neuron to over 100 neurons …
- 3. 超音波内視鏡下の腹腔神経叢および神経節への介入endoscopic ultrasound guided celiac plexus and ganglia interventions [show details]
… unopposed visceral parasympathetic activity. In addition, cephalic spread of the neurolytic agent may result in involvement of the cardiac nerves and plexus . In the report of direct ganglia injection described …
- 4. サソリの毒による自律神経障害（北アフリカ、中東、アジア、南米、トリニダード・トバゴ共和国に生息するサソリ）scorpion envenomation causing autonomic dysfunction north africa middle east asia south america and the republic of trinidad and tobago [show details]
…depolarization and excessive release of acetylcholine from parasympathetic ganglia and epinephrine and norepinephrine from sympathetic ganglia and adrenal glands. This excessive release of neurotransmitters …
- 5. 脊髄障害の解剖学および局在性anatomy and localization of spinal cord disorders [show details]
…paravertebral ganglion. Many will synapse at the paravertebral ganglion; others pass through it to terminate on postganglionic neurons (eg, coeliac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglia) more proximate… plantar flexion; Sacral nerve roots also provide parasympathetic innervation of pelvic and abdominal organs,…
English Journal
- Intrapancreatic ganglia neurons receive projection fibers from melanocortin-4 receptor-expressing neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve of the mouse.
- Tsumori T, Oka T, Yokota S, Niu JG, Yasui Y.SourceDepartment of Anatomy and Morphological Neuroscience, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan.
- Brain research.Brain Res.2013 Nov 6;1537:132-42. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.09.002. Epub 2013 Sep 9.
- Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R)-expressing neurons are widely distributed in the central nervous system and play a crucial role in a variety of physiological functions including energy and glucose/insulin homeostasis. However, their neural pathways remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we ex
- PMID 24028856
- Heart failure-induced changes of voltage-gated Ca++ channels and cell excitability in rat cardiac postganglionic neurons.
- Tu H, Liu J, Zhang D, Zheng H, Patel KP, Cornish KG, Wang WZ, Muelleman RL, Li YL.SourceUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center.
- American journal of physiology. Cell physiology.Am J Physiol Cell Physiol.2013 Sep 11. [Epub ahead of print]
- Chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by decreased cardiac parasympathetic and increased cardiac sympathetic nerve activity. This autonomic imbalance increases the risk of arrhythmias and sudden death in the patients with CHF. We hypothesized that the molecular and cellular alterations of car
- PMID 24025863
- Invited Review EB 2012: Peripheral cardiac sympathetic hyperactivity in cardiovascular disease: role of neuropeptides.
- Shanks J, Herring N.SourceUniversity of Oxford.
- American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol.2013 Sep 4. [Epub ahead of print]
- High levels of sympathetic drive in several cardiovascular diseases including post myocardial infarction, chronic congestive heart failure and hypertension are reinforced through dysregulation of afferent input and central integration of autonomic balance. However, recent evidence suggests that a si
- PMID 24005254
Japanese Journal
- 自律神経節の機能に関する考察(2)副交感神経節細胞の膜特性--オシレーター(1)
- Localization of Sympathetic, Parasympathetic and Sensory Neurons Innervating the Distal Ileum of the Cattle(Anatomy)
- Ohmori Yasushige,Atoji Yasuro,Saito Shouichiro [他],UENO Hiroshi,INOSHIMA Yasuo,ISHIGURO Naotaka
- The journal of veterinary medical science 70(12), 1289-1294, 2008-12-25
- … Only a few labeled neurons existed in the caudal mesenteric ganglion and the paravertebral ganglia. … In the dorsal root ganglia T5 to L4, some sensory neurons were found to be labeled. … Only a small number of parasympathetic preganglionic neurons were labeled in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. …
- NAID 110007021706
- 自律神経節の機能に関する考察(1) : 骨盤内副交感神経節のハイパス・フィルター
Related Links
- Parasympathetic ganglia: want to learn more about it? Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. Sign up for your free Kenhub account today and join over 1,182,876 ...
- Parasympathetic ganglia are derived from the NC; however, the detailed axial origins of many of the ganglia are not known. The cranial parasympathetic ganglia, including the ciliary, lacrimal, otic, and sphenopalatine, arise from the
- Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not ...
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- clause、ganglion、ganglionic、knot、nodal、node、section