日和見病原体
WordNet
- taking immediate advantage, often unethically, of any circumstance of possible benefit (同)opportunistic, timeserving
- a person who places expediency above principle (同)self-seeker
- any disease-producing agent (especially a virus or bacterium or other microorganism)
PrepTutorEJDIC
- ひより見主義者,ご都合主義者
- 病原菌,病原体
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/09/29 22:02:01」(JST)
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Opportunistic infection |
Classification and external resources |
MeSH |
D009894 |
An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by pathogens, particularly opportunistic pathogens—those that take advantage of certain situations—such as bacterial, viral, fungal or protozoan infections that usually do not cause disease in a healthy host, one with a healthy immune system. A compromised immune system, however, presents an "opportunity" for the pathogen to infect.
Contents
- 1 Causes
- 2 Types of infections
- 3 Treatment
- 4 Veterinary treatment
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Causes
Immunodeficiency or immunosuppression can be caused by:
- Malnutrition
- Fatigue
- Recurrent infections
- Immunosuppressing agents for organ transplant recipients
- Advanced HIV infection
- Chemotherapy for cancer
- Genetic predisposition
- Skin damage
- Antibiotic treatment
- Medical procedures
- Pregnancy
Types of infections
Further information: Immunodeficiency
These infections include:
- Acinetobacter baumanni
- Aspergillus sp.
- Candida albicans
- Clostridium difficile
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Cryptosporidium
- Cytomegalovirus
- Geomyces destructans
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Isospora belli
- Polyomavirus JC polyomavirus, the virus that causes Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
- Kaposi's Sarcoma caused by Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), also called Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)
- Legionnaires' Disease (Legionella pneumophila)
- Microsporidium
- Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (Nontuberculosis Mycobacterium)
- Pneumocystis jirovecii, previously known as Pneumocystis carinii f. hominis
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Toxoplasma gondii
Treatment
Treatment depends on the type of opportunistic infection, but usually involves different antibiotics.
Veterinary treatment
Opportunistic infections caused by Feline Leukemia Virus and Feline immunodeficiency virus retroviral infections can be treated with Lymphocyte T-Cell Immune Modulator.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Description of the interaction between Candida albicans and macrophages by mixed and quantitative proteome analysis without isolation.
- Kitahara N1, Morisaka H, Aoki W, Takeda Y, Shibasaki S, Kuroda K, Ueda M.
- AMB Express.AMB Express.2015 Dec;5(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s13568-015-0127-2. Epub 2015 Jul 16.
- Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that causes fatal diseases in immunocompromised hosts. Host resistance against C. albicans relies on ingestion of the pathogen by macrophages. Analysis of the escaping behavior of C. albicans from macrophages is required to understand the onset of system
- PMID 26179440
- Voriconazole: a novel treatment option for cryptococcal meningitis.
- Yao Y1, Zhang JT, Yan B, Gao T, Xing XW, Tian CL, Huang XS, Yu SY.
- Infectious diseases (London, England).Infect Dis (Lond).2015 Oct;47(10):698-704. doi: 10.3109/23744235.2015.1044260. Epub 2015 Jun 23.
- BACKGROUND: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a relatively common opportunistic infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and can also occur in patients with no underlying disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, dia
- PMID 26100526
- Ferric Uptake Regulator Fur Control of Putative Iron Acquisition Systems in Clostridium difficile.
- Ho TD1, Ellermeier CD2.
- Journal of bacteriology.J Bacteriol.2015 Sep 15;197(18):2930-40. doi: 10.1128/JB.00098-15. Epub 2015 Jul 6.
- Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming opportunistic pathogen and is the most common cause of hospital-acquired infectious diarrhea. Although iron acquisition in the host is a key to survival of bacterial pathogens, high levels of intracellular iron can increase oxidativ
- PMID 26148711
Japanese Journal
- クリプトコックス感染における防御免疫機構のup to date
- Oral opportunistic infections in institutionalized patients with motor and intellectual disabilities
Related Links
- op·por·tu·nis·tic path·o·gen an organism that is capable of causing disease only when the host's resistance is lowered, for example, by other diseases or drugs. opportunistic pathogen, an organism that exists harmlessly as part of ...
- Opportunistic pathogen Definition noun, plural: opportunistic pathogens An infectious microorganism that is normally a commensal or does not harm its host but can cause disease when the host’s resistance is low. Supplement ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- opportunistic pathogen
[★]
- 関
- agent、etiologic agent、pathogenesis、pathogenic、pathogenic bacteria
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- 関
- infectious agents, pathogens