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relating to the sense of equilibrium

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nucleusの複数形

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/02 03:12:25」(JST)

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The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve.

In Terminologia Anatomica they are grouped in both the pons and the medulla in the brainstem.

Structure

Path

The fibers of the vestibular nerve enter the medulla oblongata on the medial side of those of the cochlear, and pass between the inferior peduncle and the spinal tract of the trigeminal.

They then divide into ascending and descending fibers. The latter end by arborizing around the cells of the medial nucleus, which is situated in the area acustica of the rhomboid fossa. The ascending fibers either end in the same manner or in the lateral nucleus, which is situated lateral to the area acustica and farther from the ventricular floor.

Some of the axons of the cells of the lateral nucleus, and possibly also of the medial nucleus, are continued upward through the inferior peduncle to the roof nuclei of the opposite side of the cerebellum, to which also other fibers of the vestibular root are prolonged without interruption in the nuclei of the medulla oblongata.

A second set of fibres from the medial and lateral nuclei end partly in the tegmentum, while the remainder ascend in the medial longitudinal fasciculus to arborize around the cells of the nuclei of the oculomotor nerve.

Fibres from the lateral vestibular nucleus also pass via the vestibulospinal tract, to anterior horn cells at many levels in the spinal cord, in order to co-ordinate head and trunk movements.

Subnuclei

There are 4 subnuclei; they are situated at the floor of the fourth ventricle.

Name	Location	Notes
medial vestibular nucleus (dorsal or chief vestibular nucleus)	medulla (floor of fourth ventricle)	corresponding to the lower part of the area acustica in the rhomboid fossa;^{[citation needed]} the caudal end of this nucleus is sometimes termed the descending or spinal vestibular nucleus.
lateral vestibular nucleus or nucleus of Deiters	medulla (upper)	consisting of large cells and situated in the lateral angle of the rhomboid fossa; the dorso-lateral part of this nucleus is sometimes termed the nucleus of Bechterew.
inferior vestibular nucleus	medulla (lower)
superior vestibular nucleus	pons

Additional images

Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
The cranial nerve nuclei schematically represented; dorsal view. Motor nuclei in red; sensory in blue.
Primary terminal nuclei of the afferent (sensory) cranial nerves schematically represented; lateral view.
Vestibulo-ocular reflex

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

Illustration and text: Bs97/TEXT/P13/intro.htm at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical school
http://www.lib.mcg.edu/edu/eshuphysio/program/section8/8ch6/s8ch6_29.htm
Parkinson.org

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English Journal

PMID 25626522

Vestibular Performance During High-Acceleration Stimuli Correlates with Clinical Decline in SCA6.

Huh YE1, Kim JS, Kim HJ, Park SH, Jeon BS, Kim JM, Cho JW, Zee DS.
Cerebellum (London, England).Cerebellum.2015 Jun;14(3):284-91. doi: 10.1007/s12311-015-0650-3.
In spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), the vestibular dysfunction and its correlation with other clinical parameters require further exploration. We determined vestibular responses over a broad range of stimulus acceleration in 11 patients with SCA6 (six men, age range=33-72 years, mean age±SD=5
PMID 25624155

Orexin excites rat inferior vestibular nuclear neurons via co-activation of OX1 and OX 2 receptors.

Yu L1, Zhang XY, Chen ZP, Zhuang QX, Zhu JN, Wang JJ.
Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996).J Neural Transm.2015 Jun;122(6):747-55. doi: 10.1007/s00702-014-1330-z. Epub 2014 Nov 5.
Orexin deficiency results in cataplexy, a motor deficit characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone, strongly indicating an active role of central orexinergic system in motor control. However, effects of orexin on neurons in central motor structures are still largely unknown. Our previous studies ha
PMID 25371350

「前庭神経核」

Vestibular nuclei
	Dissection of brainstem. Dorsal view. (Caption for "Vestibular nucleus" is visible at left.)
Details
Latin	nuclei vestibulares
Part of	Medulla
System	Vestibular system
Artery	AICA
Identifiers
NeuroNames	hier-711
NeuroLex ID	Vestibular nuclear complex
Dorlands; /Elsevier	n_11/12584153
TA	A14.1.04.242; A14.1.05.425
FMA	72239
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]