mesenteric lymphadenitis

WordNet

1. of or relating to or located in a mesentery
2. inflammation of lymph nodes

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/12 05:43:31」(JST)

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Lymphadenopathy

Cervical lymphadenopathy in someone with mononucleosis
ICD-10	I88, L04, R59.1
ICD-9	289.1-289.3, 683, 785.6
DiseasesDB	22225
MedlinePlus	001301
eMedicine	ped/1333
MeSH	D008206

Lymphadenopathy is a term meaning "disease of the lymph nodes." It is, however, almost synonymously used with "swollen/enlarged lymph nodes". It could be due to infection, auto-immune disease, or malignancy.

Inflammation of a lymph node is called lymphadenitis. In practice, the distinction between lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis is rarely made. Inflammation of lymph channels is called lymphangitis.

Types

Micrograph of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, a type of lymphadenopathy. H&E stain.

• Localized lymphadenopathy : due to localized spot of infection e.g., an infected spot on the scalp will cause lymph nodes in the neck on that same side to swell up
• Generalized lymphadenopathy : due to generalized infection all over the body e.g., influenza
  • Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) : persisting for a long time, possibly without an apparent cause
• Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy : lymphadenopathy associated with skin disease.

Tangier disease (ABCA1 deficiency) may also cause lymphadenopathy.

Cause

Enlarged lymph nodes are a common symptom in a number of infectious and malignant diseases. It is a recognized symptom of many diseases, of which some are as follows:

• Reactive: acute infection (e.g., bacterial, or viral), or chronic infections (tuberculous lymphadenitis, cat-scratch disease).
  • The most distinctive symptom of bubonic plague is extreme swelling of one or more lymph nodes that bulge out of the skin as "buboes." The buboes often become necrotic and may even rupture.
  • Infectious mononucleosis is an acute viral infection, the hallmark of which is marked enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes.
  • It is also a symptom of cutaneous anthrax, measles and Human African trypanosomiasis, the latter two giving lymphadenopathy in lymph nodes in the neck.
  • Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease, gives a generalized lymphadenopathy (Piringer-Kuchinka lymphadenopathy).
  • Plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease - associated with HHV-8 infection and HIV infection.
  • Mesenteric lymphadenitis after viral systemic infection (particularly in the GALT in the appendix) can commonly present like appendicitis.

• Tumoral:
  • Primary: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma give lymphadenopathy in all or a few lymph nodes.
  • Secondary: metastasis, Virchow's Node, Neuroblastoma, and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

• Autoimmune etiology: systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis all giving a generalized lymphadenopathy.

• Immunocompromised etiology: AIDS. Generalized lymphadenopathy is an early sign of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). "Lymphadenopathy syndrome" has been used to describe the first symptomatic stage of HIV progression, preceding a diagnosis of AIDS.

• Bites from certain venomous snakes, most notably the black mamba, kraits, Australian brown snakes, coral snakes, tiger snakes, taipans, death adders, and some of the more toxic species of cobra.

• Unknown etiology: Kikuchi disease, progressive transformation of germinal centres, sarcoidosis, hyaline-vascular variant of Castleman's disease, Rosai-Dorfman disease, Kawasaki disease

Benign (reactive) lymphadenopathy

There are three distinct patterns of benign lymphadenopathy:

• Follicular hyperplasia - Seen in infections, autoimmune disorders, and nonspecific reactions.
• Paracortical hyperplasia - Seen in viral infections, skin diseases, and nonspecific reactions.
• Sinus histiocytosis - Seen in lymph nodes draining limbs, inflammatory lesions, and malignancies.

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

CT scan of the chest showing lymphadenopathy in the mediastinum due to sarcoidosis.

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BHL) is a radiographic term that describes the enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes. It is easily and most commonly identified by a chest x-ray.

Causes of BHL

The following are causes of BHL:

• Sarcoidosis
• Infection
  • Tuberculosis
  • Mycoplasma
  • Intestinal Lipodystrophy (Whipple's Disease)
• Malignancy
  • Lymphoma
  • Carcinoma
  • Mediastinal tumors
• Inorganic dust disease
  • Silicosis
  • Berylliosis
• Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
  • Such as bird fancier's lung
• Less common causes also exist:^{[citation needed]}
  • Churg-Strauss syndrome
  • Human immunodeficiency virus
  • Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
  • Pneumoconiosis
  • Adult-onset Still's disease

See also

• Adenitis
• Lymphovascular invasion

References

External links

• HPC:13820 on humpath.com (Digital slides)

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 小児および思春期における急性腹症の原因 causes of acute abdominal pain in children and adolescents
• 2. エルシニア感染症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of yersinia infections
• 3. 小児における急性虫垂炎：臨床症状および診断 acute appendicitis in children clinical manifestations and diagnosis
• 4. 成人における腹痛の原因 causes of abdominal pain in adults
• 5. 救急外来における成人の腹痛の評価 evaluation of the adult with abdominal pain in the emergency department

English Journal

• Infection of the right iliac fossa.

• Millet I, Alili C, Pages E, Curros Doyon F, Merigeaud S, Taourel P.SourceMedical Imaging Department, hôpital Lapeyronie, 371, avenue du Doyen Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
• Diagnostic and interventional imaging.Diagn Interv Imaging.2012 Jun;93(6):441-52. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
• Febrile pain in the right iliac fossa is one of the most common reasons for consulting at an emergency service. Within this framework, the main diagnosis that is considered is appendicitis, the main complication of which is perforation. However, a certain number of other conditions can be responsibl
• PMID 22658341

Japanese Journal

• Fatal Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: An Autopsy Case Report

• Internal Medicine 55(7), 831-838, 2016
• NAID 130005141954

• 臨床研究・症例報告 リンパ節腫脹が腸間膜に限局し,著明な白血球減少を呈した亜急性壊死性リンパ節炎の1例

• 小児科臨床 68(5), 1007-1013, 2015-05
• NAID 40020429548

• 山羊のロドコッカス・エクイ感染症国内初症例

• 日本獣医師会雑誌 68(12), 751-755, 2015
• NAID 130005120633

Related Links

• Mesenteric Lymphadenitis - WebMD - Better information ...

Mesenteric lymphadenitis is an inflammation of lymph nodes. The lymph nodes that become inflamed are in a membrane that attaches the intestine to the abdominal wall. These lymph nodes are among the hundreds that ...

• Overview - Mesenteric lymphadenitis - Mayo Clinic

Lymphadenitis is a condition in which your lymph nodes become inflamed. When the condition affects the lymph nodes in the membrane that connects your bowel to the abdominal wall (mesentery), it's called mesenteric ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「腸間膜リンパ節炎」
拡張検索	「non-specific mesenteric lymphadenitis」
関連記事	「mesenteric」

「腸間膜リンパ節炎」

　　[★]

英

mesenteric lymphadenitis

ラ

lymphadenitis mesenterica

関

リンパ節、リンパ節炎、腸間膜、腸間膜リンパ節

「non-specific mesenteric lymphadenitis」

　　[★] 非特異性腸間膜リンパ節炎

「mesenteric」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 腸間膜の

関

mesenterium、mesentery