WordNet

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified; "a long life"; "a long boring speech"; "a long time"; "a long friendship"; "a long game"; "long ago"; "an hour long"
(of speech sounds or syllables) of relatively long duration; "the English vowel sounds in `bate, `beat, `bite, `boat, `boot are long"
for an extended distance
for an extended time or at a distant time; "a promotion long overdue"; "something long hoped for"; "his name has long been forgotten"; "talked all night long"; "how long will you be gone?"; "arrived long before he was expected"; "it is long after your bedtime"
having or being more than normal or necessary:"long on brains"; "in long supply"
holding securities or commodities in expectation of a rise in prices; "is long on coffee"; "a long position in gold"
involving substantial risk; "long odds"
of relatively great height; "a race of long gaunt men"- Sherwood Anderson; "looked out the long French windows"
primarily spatial sense; of relatively great or greater than average spatial extension or extension as specified; "a long road"; "a long distance"; "contained many long words"; "ten miles long"
remove the bones from; "bone the turkey before roasting it" (同)debone
the porous calcified substance from which bones are made (同)osseous_tissue
consisting of or made up of bone; "a bony substance"; "the bony framework of the body"
a shade of white the color of bleached bones (同)ivory, pearl, off-white
rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates (同)os
having bones as specified; "his lanky long-boned body"
having had the bones removed; "a boneless rib roast"; "a boned (or deboned) fish" (同)deboned
a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance (同)castanets, clappers, finger cymbals
prolonged unfulfilled desire or need (同)yearning, hungriness

PrepTutorEJDIC

(距離・物の長さが)『長い』 / (時間が)『長い』,長く続く / 《時間・距離などを表離などを表す語を伴って》長さが…の / 『長々しい』,あきあきする / (数量が標準よりも)『多い』,長い / (人が)やせてひょろ長い / 長く,長い間,久しく / …じゅう / ずっと(前に,後に) / 長い間
『熱望する』
〈C〉骨 / 〈U〉骨を作っている物質,骨質 / 《複数形で》骨格;死骸(がい) / 〈魚など〉‘の'骨を取る
(魚など)骨を取り除いた / (衣服が)(コルセットなどで)骨で張りをつけた[ような]
『あこがれ』,熱望 / (目の表情などが)あこがれの,熱望している

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/10/25 13:55:44」(JST)

wiki en

The Long Bones are those that are longer than they are wide. They are one of five types of bones: long, short, flat, irregular and sesamoid. Long bones, especially the femur and tibia, are subjected to most of the load during daily activities and they are crucial for skeletal mobility. They grow primarily by elongation of the diaphysis, with an epiphysis at each end of the growing bone. The ends of epiphyses are covered with hyaline cartilage ("articular cartilage"). The longitudinal growth of long bones is a result of endochondral ossification at the epiphyseal plate. Bone growth in length is stimulated by the production of growth hormone (GH), a secretion of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

The long bones include the femora, tibiae, and fibulae of the legs; the humeri, radii, and ulnae of the arms; metacarpals and metatarsals of the hands and feet, the phalanges of the fingers and toes, and the clavicles or collar bones. The long bones of the human leg comprise nearly half of adult height. The other primary skeletal component of height are the vertebrae and skull.

The outside of the bone consists of a layer of connective tissue called the periosteum. Additionally, the outer shell of the long bone is compact bone, then a deeper layer of cancellous bone (spongy bone) which contains red bone marrow. The interior part of the long bone is the medullary cavity with the inner core of the bone cavity being composed of yellow marrow in adults, and red marrow in young children.

Images

Parts of a long bone
Classification of bones by shape
Distribution of forces on a long bone

References

Stedman's Online Medical Dictionary, 27th Edition
Anatomy of long bone

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 骨転移を有する成人患者の疫学、臨床所見、診断、およびマネージメントの概要 overview of the epidemiology clinical presentation diagnosis and management of adult patients with bone metastasis
2. 骨パジェット病の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of paget disease of bone
3. 小児癌患者の骨に関する問題 bone problems in childhood cancer patients
4. 小児および思春期における良性骨腫瘍：概要 benign bone tumors in children and adolescents an overview
5. 鎌状赤血球症における骨関節合併症 bone and joint complications in sickle cell disease

English Journal

Intravitreal Implantation of Genetically Modified Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells for Treating Retinal Disorders.

Tracy CJ1,2, Sanders DN3,4, Bryan JN5, Jensen CA6, Castaner LJ7, Kirk MD8, Katz ML9.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2016;854:571-7. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_76.
A number of retinal degenerative diseases may be amenable to treatment with continuous intraocular delivery of therapeutic agents that cannot be delivered effectively to the retina via systemic or topical administration. Among these disorders are lysosomal storage diseases resulting from deficiencie
PMID 26427461

Study of the boron levels in serum after implantation of different ratios nano-hexagonal boron nitride-hydroxy apatite in rat femurs.

Atila A1, Halici Z2, Cadirci E2, Karakus E3, Palabiyik SS4, Ay N5, Bakan F6, Yilmaz S7.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2016 Jan 1;58:1082-9. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Sep 11.
Boron and its derivatives are effective in bone recovery and osteointegration. However, increasing the boron levels in body liquids may cause toxicity. The aim of our study is to investigate serum boron levels using ICP-MS after implantation of different ratios of nano-hBN-HA composites in rat femur
PMID 26478407

Characterization and Immunoregulatory Properties of Innate Pro-B-Cell Progenitors.

Zavala F1, Korniotis S2, Montandon R3.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2016;1371:79-88. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3139-2_5.
Control of T-cell responses can be achieved by several subsets of B cells with immunoregulatory functions, mostly acting by provision of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 or exhibiting killing properties through Fas ligand (Fas-L) or granzyme B-induced cell death. We herein describe the character
PMID 26530795