WordNet

sanctioned by custom or morality especially sexual morality; "a wifes licit love"
the act of enticing a person to do something wrong (as an offer of sex in return for money) (同)allurement
request for a sum of money; "an appeal to raise money for starving children" (同)appeal, collection, ingathering
an entreaty addressed to someone of superior status; "a solicitation to the king for relief"
the property of being triple
(astrology) one of four groups of the zodiac where each group consists of three signs separated from each other by 120 degrees (同)trigon
a feeling of excessive concern (同)solicitousness
a law officer appointed to assist an attorney general
the position of solicitor

PrepTutorEJDIC

合法の
懇請,懇願
〈U〉心配,気づかい / 《複数形で》心配の種

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1. 養子縁組 adoption
2. アルコール摂取と妊娠 alcohol intake and pregnancy
3. セロトニン再取り込み阻害剤への出生前曝露があった乳児 infants with antenatal exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitors

English Journal

Neuropathology of substance use disorders.

Cadet JL, Bisagno V, Milroy CM.Author information NIDA Intramural Research Program, Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIDA/NIH/DHHS, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA, jcadet@intra.nida.nih.gov.AbstractAddictions to licit and illicit drugs are chronic relapsing brain disorders that affect circuits that regulate reward, motivation, memory, and decision-making. Drug-induced pathological changes in these brain regions are associated with characteristic enduring behaviors that continue despite adverse biopsychosocial consequences. Repeated exposure to these substances leads to egocentric behaviors that focus on obtaining the drug by any means and on taking the drug under adverse psychosocial and medical conditions. Addiction also includes craving for the substances and, in some cases, involvement in risky behaviors that can cause death. These patterns of behaviors are associated with specific cognitive disturbances and neuroimaging evidence for brain dysfunctions in a diverse population of drug addicts. Postmortem studies have also revealed significant biochemical and/or structural abnormalities in some addicted individuals. The present review provides a summary of the evidence that has accumulated over the past few years to implicate brain dysfunctions in the varied manifestations of drug addiction. We thus review data on cerebrovascular alterations, brain structural abnormalities, and postmortem studies of patients who abuse cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines, heroin, and "bath salts". We also discuss potential molecular, biochemical, and cellular bases for the varied clinical presentations of these patients. Elucidation of the biological bases of addiction will help to develop better therapeutic approaches to these patient populations.
Acta neuropathologica.Acta Neuropathol.2014 Jan;127(1):91-107. doi: 10.1007/s00401-013-1221-7. Epub 2013 Nov 29.
Addictions to licit and illicit drugs are chronic relapsing brain disorders that affect circuits that regulate reward, motivation, memory, and decision-making. Drug-induced pathological changes in these brain regions are associated with characteristic enduring behaviors that continue despite adverse
PMID 24292887

Behavioral endophenotypes of drug addiction: Etiological insights from neuroimaging studies.

Jupp B, Dalley JW.Author information Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.AbstractThis article reviews recent advances in the elucidation of neurobehavioral endophenotypes associated with drug addiction made possible by the translational neuroimaging techniques magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Increasingly, these non-invasive imaging approaches have been the catalyst for advancing our understanding of the etiology of drug addiction as a brain disorder involving complex interactions between pre-disposing behavioral traits, environmental influences and neural perturbations arising from the chronic abuse of licit and illicit drugs. In this article we discuss the causal role of trait markers associated with impulsivity and novelty-/sensation-seeking in speeding the development of compulsive drug administration and in facilitating relapse. We also discuss the striking convergence of imaging findings from these behavioural traits and addiction in rats, monkeys and humans with a focus on biomarkers of dopamine neurotransmission, and highlight areas where further research is needed to disambiguate underlying causal mechanisms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'NIDA 40th Anniversary Issue'.
Neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology.2014 Jan;76 Pt B:487-97. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.05.041. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
This article reviews recent advances in the elucidation of neurobehavioral endophenotypes associated with drug addiction made possible by the translational neuroimaging techniques magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Increasingly, these non-invasive imaging approa
PMID 23756169

Factors associated with variability and stability of cannabis use in young adulthood.

Silins E, Hutchinson D, Swift W, Slade T, Toson B, Rodgers B.Author information National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Electronic address: e.silins@unsw.edu.au.AbstractBACKGROUND: This study investigated the factors associated with initiating cannabis use, reverting to cannabis use and remaining a cannabis user in young adulthood. This is an important area of research as the risk for cannabis initiation is extending beyond adolescence and opportunities to influence cannabis use pathways can emerge throughout the life-course.
Drug and alcohol dependence.Drug Alcohol Depend.2013 Dec 1;133(2):452-8. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.07.003. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the factors associated with initiating cannabis use, reverting to cannabis use and remaining a cannabis user in young adulthood. This is an important area of research as the risk for cannabis initiation is extending beyond adolescence and opportunities to influenc
PMID 23916322

Japanese Journal

Beyond the Resentful Sibling Strife: Melville's Pierre(高成廈教授・寺木伸明教授退任記念号)

佐々木英哲
人間文化研究 (2), 211-244, 2015-03-23
… As an illicit daughter betrayed and abandoned by her father, Pierre's licit father, Isabel retaliates against Pierre for having exclusively enjoyed parental love. …
NAID 110009903544

On the lack of reconstruction effects : interaction of late-adjunction, linearization, and semantic interpretation

Tomizawa Naoto,トミザワナオト
山形大学紀要. 人文科学 = Bulletin of Yamagata University. Humanities 17(4), 47-64, 2013-02-15
… This paper presents a new type of data that apparently resists analyses of the lack of reconstruction effects with respect to the Binding Condition (C) put forth by Lebeaux (1988, 1991) and Chomsky (2004), and proposes an alternative analysis on the basis of late-adjunction and deletion of one of the two chains created by "parallel probing." Late-adjunction is argued to be licit insofar as the resulting adjunction structure is linearizable. …
NAID 120005254110

BALANCING ACT : AN ANALYSIS OF INDIA'S NATIONAL NARCOTIC POLICY

Kour Kawal Deep
Asian journal of social sciences & humanities 2(1), 116-124, 2013-02
NAID 40019625641

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