幼生、幼虫
- 関
- larvae、larval、maggot、tadpole
WordNet
- the immature free-living form of most invertebrates and amphibians and fish which at hatching from the egg is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose
- relating to or typical of a larva; "the larval eye"
- immature of its kind; especially being or characteristic of immature insects in the newly hatched wormlike feeding stage; "larval societies"; "larval crayfishes"; "the larval stage"
- the larva of the housefly and blowfly commonly found in decaying organic matter
- a larval frog or toad (同)polliwog, pollywog
- an insecticide that kills the larvae of insects
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (昆虫の)幼虫(青虫など) / (動物の)幼生(オタマジャクシなど)
- 幼虫の
- ウジ(ハエなどの幼虫)
- オタマジャクシ
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/06/29 18:38:54」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
For other uses, see Larva (disambiguation).
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Larva of
Papilio xuthus, butterfly
A larva (plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
The larva's appearance is generally very different from the adult form (e.g. caterpillars and butterflies). A larva often has unique structures and organs that do not occur in the adult form, while their diet might be considerably different.
Larvae are frequently adapted to environments separate from adults. For example, some larvae such as tadpoles live almost exclusively in aquatic environments, but can live outside water as adult frogs. By living in a distinct environment, larvae may be given shelter from predators and reduce competition for resources with the adult population.
Animals in the larval stage will consume food to fuel their transition into the adult form.[citation needed] In some species like barnacles, adults are immobile but their larvae are mobile, and use their mobile larval form to distribute themselves.
Some larvae are dependent on adults to feed them. In many eusocial Hymenoptera species, the larvae are fed by female workers. In R. marginata the males are also capable of feeding larvae but they are much less efficient, spending more time and getting less food to the larvae.[1]
The larvae of some species (for example, some newts) can become pubescent and do not develop further into the adult form. This is a type of neoteny.
Eurosta solidaginis Goldenrod Gall Fly larva
It is a misunderstanding that the larval form always reflects the group's evolutionary history. This could be the case, but often the larval stage has evolved secondarily, as in insects. In these cases the larval form may differ more than the adult form from the group's common origin.[citation needed]
Contents
- 1 Selected types of larvae
- 2 See also
- 3 References
- 4 External links
- 5 Bibliography
Selected types of larvae
Animal |
Name of larva |
Cnidarians |
planula, actinula |
Crustacea: Decapoda |
zoea |
Insecta: Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) |
caterpillar |
Insecta: Beetles |
grub |
Insecta: Flies, Bees, Wasps |
maggot |
Insecta: Mosquitoes |
wriggler |
Certain molluscs, annelids, nemerteans and sipunculids |
trochophore |
Certain molluscs |
veliger |
Mollusca: freshwater Bivalvia (mussels) |
glochidium |
Petromyzontiformes (lamprey) |
ammocoete |
Fish (generally) |
larva |
Fish: Anguilliformes (eels) |
leptocephalus |
Amphibians |
tadpole, polliwog |
Phoronids |
actinotroch |
Porifera (sponges) |
coeloblastula larvae (= blastula larvae), parenchymula (= parenchymella), amphiblastula |
Cycliophora |
pandora, chordoid larva |
Nemertea |
pilidium, Iwata larva, Desor larva |
Hemichordata |
tornaria |
Acanthocephala |
acanthor |
Ctenophora |
cydippid larvae |
Deuterostomes |
dipleurula (hypothetical larva) |
Arthropoda: Xiphosura |
euproöps larva ("trilobite larva") |
Platyhelminthes |
Götte’s larva, Müller's larva, miracidium, oncomiracidium, coracidium |
Locifera |
Higgins larva |
Dicyemida |
infusoriform larva |
Brachiopoda |
lobate larva |
Priapula |
loricate larva |
Crustaceans |
nauplius, metanauplius, protozoea, antizoea, pseudozoea, zoea, postlarva, cypris, primary larva, mysis |
Arthropoda: †Trilobita |
protaspis (unjointed), meraspis (increasing number of joints, but 1 less than the holaspis), holaspis (=adult)[2] |
Arthropoda: Pycnogonida |
protonymphon |
Urochordata |
tadpole (does not feed, technically a "swimming embryo") |
Echinodermata |
bipinnaria, vitellaria, brachiollaria, pluteus, ophiopluteus, echinopluteus, auricularia |
Nematomorpha |
nematomorphan larva |
Sipuncula |
pelagosphera larva |
Annelida |
nectochaeta, polytroch |
Ectoprocta |
cyphonautes, vesiculariform larvae |
Heterocyemida |
Wagener's larva |
Nematoda |
Dauer larva |
See also
- Crustacean larvae
- Ichthyoplankton
- Spawn (biology)
- Ecdysis
- Instar, intermediate between each ecdysis
- Other non-larval juveniles (immature forms):
- Paralarva, young cephalopods
- Nymphs and naiads, immature forms in hemimetabolous insects
- Subimago, a juvenile that resembles the adult in Ephemeroptera
- Pupa and chrysalis, intermediate between larva and imago
- Imago, final stage
- Marine larval ecology
References
- ^ Sen, R; Gadagkar, R (2006). "Males of the social wasp Ropalidia marginata can feed larvae, given an opportunity". Animal Behavior 71: 345–350. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.04.022.
- ^ Moore, R.C. (1959). Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part O. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. O121, O122, O125. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.
External links
- Media related to Larva at Wikimedia Commons
- The dictionary definition of larva at Wiktionary
- Arenas-Mena, C. (2010) Indirect development, transdifferentiation and the macroregulatory evolution of metazoans. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. Feb 27, 2010 Vol.365 no.1540 653-669
Bibliography
- Brusca, R. C., & Brusca, G. J. (2003). Invertebrates (2nd ed.). Sunderland, Mass. : Sinauer Associates.
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Ascaridoid parasites infecting in the frequently consumed marine fishes in the coastal area of China: A preliminary investigation.
- Zhao WT1, Lü L2, Chen HX1, Yang Y1, Zhang LP1, Li L3.
- Parasitology international.Parasitol Int.2016 Apr;65(2):87-98. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.11.002. Epub 2015 Nov 4.
- Marine fishes represent the important components of the diet in the coastal areas of China and they are also natural hosts of various parasites. However, to date, little is known about the occurrence of ascaridoid parasites in the frequently consumed marine fishes in China. In order to determine the
- PMID 26546570
- Toxocariasis-associated cardiac diseases-A systematic review of the literature.
- Kuenzli E1, Neumayr A2, Chaney M3, Blum J4.
- Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2016 Feb;154:107-20. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.11.003. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
- Toxocariasis, caused by Toxocara canis or Toxocara catis, is a worldwide occurring parasitic disease, reaching high prevalences especially in tropical and subtropical countries. The clinical presentation can range from asymptomatic seropositivity to life threatenting disease, depending on the organ
- PMID 26571071
- Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and cytochrome oxidase activity in Fasciola gigantica cercaria by phytoconstituents.
- Sunita K1, Habib M2, Kumar P1, Singh VK1, Husain SA3, Singh DK4.
- Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2016 Feb;154:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.10.021. Epub 2015 Nov 1.
- Fasciolosis is an important cattle and human disease caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. One of the possible methods to control this problem is to interrupt the life cycle of Fasciola by killing its larva (redia and cercaria) in host snail. Molecular identification of cercaria larva
- PMID 26536397
- Eosinophilic pneumonias in children: A review of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
- Giovannini-Chami L1,2, Blanc S1, Hadchouel A3,4, Baruchel A5,6, Boukari R7, Dubus JC8, Fayon M9,10, Le Bourgeois M3, Nathan N11,12, Albertini M1,2, Clément A11,12, de Blic J3,4.
- Pediatric pulmonology.Pediatr Pulmonol.2016 Feb;51(2):203-16. doi: 10.1002/ppul.23368. Epub 2015 Dec 30.
- Pediatric eosinophilic pneumonias (EPs) are characterized by a significant infiltration of the alveolar spaces and lung interstitium by eosinophils, with conservation of the lung structure. In developed countries, EPs constitute exceptional entities in pediatric care. Clinical symptoms may be transi
- PMID 26716396
Japanese Journal
- Morphological character changes through decapodid-stage larva and juveniles in the ghost shrimp Nihonotrypaea harmandi from western Kyushu, Japan: Clues for inferring pre- and post-settlement states and processes
- Tamaki Akio,Saitoh Yuko,Itoh Jun-ichi,Hongo Yuichiro,Sen-ju Shun-suke,Takeuchi Seiji,Ohashi Satoshi
- Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 443, 90-113, 2013-05-00
- Some decapod crustaceans release larvae from estuarine or coastal shores to coastal oceans. Decapodids (last-stage larvae) return home, settle, and metamorphose into juveniles I, which go through furt …
- NAID 120005231327
- 那須 義次,村濱 史郎,大門 聖,八尋 克郎,亀田 佳代子
- 蝶と蛾 63(4), 217-220, 2012-12-28
- … The tineid larva probably fed on dead insects, and the remaining larvae on dead leaves. …
- NAID 110009578600
- アサマシジミ幼虫と随伴アリの体表炭化水素プロフィール
- 大村 尚,渡邊 通人,本田 計一
- 蝶と蛾 63(4), 186-190, 2012-12-28
- アサマシジミ老齢(3〜4齢)幼虫は数種のアリと任意の共生関係を築いており,山梨県ではトビイロケアリやクロヤマアリ等の随伴が観察される.野外採集したアサマシジミ3・4齢幼虫とこれら随伴アリのワーカーから体表炭化水素(CHC)を抽出し,GC-MSでその化学組成を調べた.2種の随伴アリは種特異的なCHC組成を示し,トビイロケアリの主要成分は炭素数29以上の分枝アルカンであるのに対して,クロヤマアリの主要 …
- NAID 110009578597
- 原田 基弘,大島 良美,吉田 良和,王 敏
- 蝶と蛾 63(4), 165-174, 2012-12-28
- 我々は2006年の秋から広東省北部に位置する南嶺山地周辺において蝶の幼生期探査のプロジェクトを続けてきた.その成果を順次報告しているが,調査研究途上の種類もあり,今後も機会を得てこのプロジェクトは継続していくつもりである.今回の調査報告ではクロキマダラヒカゲ,ウラキマダラヒカゲ,ヤマナカウラナミジャノメ,シロオビムカシヒカゲ,スパイヤーミスジ,ベロエミスジ,ビエットキンミスジ,コンゴウシジミ,コン …
- NAID 110009578594
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Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- larva、larvae、larval
- 関
- オタマジャクシ、幼虫、ウジ
[★]
幼生、幼虫
- 関
- larva、larval、maggot、tadpole
[★]
オタマジャクシ
- 関
- larva、larvae、maggot
[★]
- 関
- larva、larvae、tadpole
[★]
- 関
- larva、larvae
[★]
皮膚幼虫移行症
- 関
- creeping eruption、larva migrans、ocular larva migrans
[★]
プルテウス幼生
- 関
- pluteus larvae
[★]
プルテウス幼生
- 関
- pluteus larva
[★]
内臓幼虫移行症 VLM