関: Cercopithecidae、Cercopithecinae、Cercopithecus、Old World monkey、Pygathrix

WordNet

slender long-tailed monkey of Asia
type genus of the Cercopithecidae: guenons (同)genus Cercopithecus
Old World monkeys: guenon; baboon; colobus monkey; langur; macaque; mandrill; mangabey; patas; proboscis monkey (同)family Cercopithecidae

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/04/14 08:22:41」(JST)

wiki en

The Colobinae are a subfamily of the Old World monkey family that includes 59 species in 10 genera, including the black-and-white colobus, the large-nosed proboscis monkey, and the gray langurs. Some classifications split the colobine monkeys into two tribes, while others split them into three groups. Both classifications put the three African genera Colobus, Piliocolobus, and Procolobus in one group; these genera are distinct in that they have stub thumbs (Greek κολοβός kolobós = "docked"). The various Asian genera are placed into another one or two groups. Analysis of mtDNA confirms the Asian species form two distinct groups, one of langurs and the other of the "odd-nosed" species, but suggests the gray langurs are not closely related to either.^[2]

Characteristics

Colobines are medium-sized primates with long tails and diverse colorations. The coloring of nearly all the young animals differs remarkably from that of the adults.

Most species are arboreal, although some live a more terrestrial life. They are found in many different habitats of different climate zones (rain forests, mangroves, mountain forests, and savanah), but not in deserts and other dry areas. They live in groups, but in different group forms.

Colobines are folivorous, meaning their main source of nutrition is leaves. Their diet may also be supplemented with flowers, fruits and the occasional insect.To aid in digestion, particularly of hard-to-digest leaves, they have multichambered, complex stomachs, making them the only ruminant primates. Unlike the other subfamily of Old World monkeys, the Cercopithecinae, they possess no cheek pouches.

Gestation averages six to seven months. Young are weaned at about one year and are mature at three to six years. Their life expectancy is approximately 20 years.

Classification

Family CERCOPITHECIDAE^[1]^[2]
- Subfamily Cercopithecinae
- Subfamily Colobinae
  - African group
    - Genus Colobus - black-and-white colobus monkeys
    - Genus Piliocolobus - red colobus monkeys
    - Genus Procolobus - olive colobus
  - Langur (leaf monkey) group
    - Genus Trachypithecus - lutungs
    - Genus Presbytis - surilis
    - Genus Semnopithecus - gray langurs
  - Odd-nosed group
    - Genus Pygathrix - doucs
    - Genus Rhinopithecus - snub-nosed monkeys
    - Genus Nasalis - proboscis monkey
    - Genus Simias - pig-tailed langur

A langur in Pench National Park, India

Hybrids

Intergeneric hybrids are known to occur within the Colobinae subfamily. In India, gray langurs (Semnopithecus spp.) are known to hybridize with Nilgiri langurs (Trachypithecus johnii).^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Groves, C. P. (2005). "SUBFAMILY Colobinae". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 167–178. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ ^a ^b Sterner, Kirstin N.; Raaum, Ryan L.; Zhang, Ya-Ping; Stewart, Caro-Beth & Disotell, Todd R. (2006). "Mitochondrial data support an odd-nosed colobine clade". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.01.017. PMID 16500120.
^ Rowe, N. (1996). The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates. Pogonias Press. pp. 139, 143, 154, 185, 223. ISBN 0-9648825-0-7.

English Journal

Functional Interaction Between the ESCRT-I Component TSG101 and the HSV-1 Tegument Ubiquitin Specific Protease.

Calistri A1, Munegato D, Toffoletto M, Celestino M, Franchin E, Comin A, Sartori E, Salata C, Parolin C, Palù G.
Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2015 Aug;230(8):1794-806. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24890.
Similar to phosphorylation, transient conjugation of ubiquitin to target proteins (ubiquitination) mediated by the concerted action of ubiquitin ligases and de-ubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) can affect substrate function. As obligate intracellular parasites, viruses rely on different cellular pathway
PMID 25510868

NEURONAL MODELING. Single-trial spike trains in parietal cortex reveal discrete steps during decision-making.

Latimer KW1, Yates JL1, Meister ML2, Huk AC3, Pillow JW4.
Science (New York, N.Y.).Science.2015 Jul 10;349(6244):184-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4056.
Neurons in the macaque lateral intraparietal (LIP) area exhibit firing rates that appear to ramp upward or downward during decision-making. These ramps are commonly assumed to reflect the gradual accumulation of evidence toward a decision threshold. However, the ramping in trial-averaged responses c
PMID 26160947

HIV-1 VACCINES. HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies induced by native-like envelope trimers.

Sanders RW1, van Gils MJ2, Derking R2, Sok D3, Ketas TJ4, Burger JA2, Ozorowski G5, Cupo A4, Simonich C6, Goo L6, Arendt H7, Kim HJ5, Lee JH5, Pugach P4, Williams M4, Debnath G4, Moldt B3, van Breemen MJ2, Isik G2, Medina-Ramírez M2, Back JW8, Koff WC7, Julien JP5, Rakasz EG9, Seaman MS10, Guttman M11, Lee KK11, Klasse PJ4, LaBranche C12, Schief WR13, Wilson IA14, Overbaugh J6, Burton DR15, Ward AB5, Montefiori DC12, Dean H7, Moore JP16.
Science (New York, N.Y.).Science.2015 Jul 10;349(6244):aac4223. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4223. Epub 2015 Jun 18.
A challenge for HIV-1 immunogen design is the difficulty of inducing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against neutralization-resistant (tier 2) viruses that dominate human transmissions. We show that a soluble recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer that adopts a native conformation, BG505 SOSI
PMID 26089353

Japanese Journal

Transition of Agriculture towards Organic Farming in Bhutan

ヒマラヤ学誌 : Himalayan Study Monographs 16, 66-72, 2015-03-28
NAID 120005661611

The First Report on Standardized Karyotype and Idiogram of Indochinese Silvered Langur, <i>Trachypithecus germaini germaini</i> (Primates, Colobinae) in Thailand

CYTOLOGIA 80(2), 183-192, 2015
NAID 130005074298

The First Karyological Study and Natural NOR Polymorphism in Banded Langur, <i>Presbytis femoralis</i> (Primate, Colobinae)

CYTOLOGIA 79(1), 29-39, 2014
NAID 130004448266

Related Pictures

Langur Monkey - ZooBorns File:Grey Langur monkey in Rishikesh.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Gray langur - Wikipedia White Langur With Black Face | DesiBucket.com 18 Various Types of Monkeys Breed found on Indian Mainland | Best of India! Tufted grey langur | Fragile Prints Gray langur - Howling Pixel

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「Cercopithecus」「Pygathrix」「ラングール」「Old World monkey」「Cercopithecidae」

「Cercopithecus」

Colobine monkeys
	Javan lutung (Trachypithecus auratus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Superfamily:	Cercopithecoidea
Family:	Cercopithecidae
Subfamily:	Colobinae; Jerdon, 1867
Genera
	Colobus; Piliocolobus; Procolobus; Trachypithecus; Presbytis; Semnopithecus; Pygathrix; Rhinopithecus; Nasalis; Simias

　　[★]

オナガザル、ナガザル属、セルコピテクス属、Cercopithecus属

関: Cercopithecidae、Cercopithecinae、langur、Old World monkey、Pygathrix

「Pygathrix」

　　[★]

ドゥクモンキー属、ピガスリクス属、Pygathrix属

関: Cercopithecidae、Cercopithecinae、Cercopithecus、langur、Old World monkey

「ラングール」

　　[★]

英: langur
関: オナガザル、オナガザル科、オナガザル亜科、ドゥクモンキー属、旧世界ザル

「Old World monkey」

　　[★]

旧世界ザル

関: Catarrhini、Cercopithecidae、Cercopithecinae、Cercopithecus、langur、Pygathrix

「Cercopithecidae」

　　[★]

オナガザル科

関: Cercopithecinae、Cercopithecus、langur、Old World monkey、Pygathrix

[msw3-1] Groves, C. P. (2005). "SUBFAMILY Colobinae". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 167–178. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

[Sterner2006-2] Sterner, Kirstin N.; Raaum, Ryan L.; Zhang, Ya-Ping; Stewart, Caro-Beth & Disotell, Todd R. (2006). "Mitochondrial data support an odd-nosed colobine clade". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.01.017. PMID 16500120.

[Rowe1996-3] Rowe, N. (1996). The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates. Pogonias Press. pp. 139, 143, 154, 185, 223. ISBN 0-9648825-0-7.

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langur