(化学骨格)クトン環

WordNet

sound loudly and sonorously; "the bells rang" (同)peal
a toroidal shape; "a ring of ships in the harbor"; "a halo of smoke" (同)halo, annulus, doughnut, anchor ring
jewelry consisting of a circlet of precious metal (often set with jewels) worn on the finger; "she had rings on every finger"; "he noted that she wore a wedding band" (同)band
a characteristic sound; "it has the ring of sincerity"
a platform usually marked off by ropes in which contestants box or wrestle
the sound of a bell ringing; "the distinctive ring of the church bell"; "the ringing of the telephone"; "the tintinnabulation that so voluminously swells from the ringing and the dinging of the bells"--E. A. Poe (同)ringing, tintinnabulation
attach a ring to the foot of, in order to identify; "ring birds"; "band the geese to observe their migratory patterns" (同)band
make (bells) ring, often for the purposes of musical edification; "Ring the bells"; "My uncle rings every Sunday at the local church" (同)knell
wearing a wedding ring; lawfully married; "a ringed wife"- Tennyson
having colored rings around the body
gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises; "the rings require a strong upper body"
the giving of a ring as a token of engagement

PrepTutorEJDIC

『指輪』 / 『輪』,環;輪形,円形 / (円形の)サーカス演技場,公演場,競技場;(ボクシング・レスリングの)リング / 《複数形で》(体操の)つり輪 / (不法な目的で結託した)(…の)徒党,一味《+『of』+『名』》 / (原子の)環 / …を円形に取り囲む,円で囲む《+『about』(『around』,《英》『round』)+『名,』+『名』+『about』(『around』,《英》『round』)+『名』》 / 〈動物〉‘に'鼻輪(首輪,足輪)をはめる / (遊びで)…‘に'輪を投げる / 環状に動く,輪を描く
〈鐘・ベルなどが〉『鳴る』 / 《『ring』+『形』〈補〉》(…のように)聞こえる / (…を)ベルを鳴らして求める《+『for』+『名』》 / 〈音声・楽器などが〉鳴り響く;〈場所が〉(音などで)満ちる《+『with』+『名』》 / 耳鳴りがする / 〈鐘・ベルなど〉‘を'『鳴らす』 / 〈人〉‘を'(鐘などを)『鳴らして呼ぶ』;…‘を'鐘を鳴らして知らせる / 《英》…‘に'電話をかける《+『up』+『名』,+『名』+『up』》 / 《単数形で》(鐘・ベルなどの)『鳴る音,響き』《+『of』+『名』》 / 鐘(ベルなど)を鳴らすこと;ベル(など)が鳴ること / 《単数形で》(…の)固有の響き,調子,感じ《+『of』+『名』》 / 《話》電話をかけること
輪にある;環状の / 指輪をはめた

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Microbial Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of 5α-steroids using Beauveria bassiana. A stereochemical requirement for the 11α-hydroxylation and the lactonization pathway.

Swizdor A1, Panek A2, Milecka-Tronina N2.Author information 1Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland. Electronic address: alina.swizdor@up.wroc.pl.2Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.AbstractBeauveria bassiana KCH 1065, as was recently demonstrated, is unusual amongst fungal biocatalysts in that it converts C19 3-oxo-4-ene and 3β-hydroxy-5-ene as well as 3β-hydroxy-5α-saturated steroids to 11α-hydroxy ring-D lactones. The Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) of this strain is distinguished from other enzymes catalyzing BVO of steroidal ketones by the fact that it oxidizes solely substrates with 11α-hydroxyl group. The current study using a series of 5α-saturated steroids (androsterone, 3α-androstanediol and androstanedione) has highlighted that a small change of the steroid structure can result in significant differences of the metabolic fate. It was found that the 3α-stereochemistry of hydroxyl group restricted "normal" binding orientation of the substrate within 11α-hydroxylase and, as a result, androsterone and 3α-androstanediol were converted into a mixture of 7β-, 11α- and 7α-hydroxy derivatives. Hydroxylation of androstanedione occurred only at the 11α-position, indicating that the 3-oxo group limits the alternative binding orientation of the substrate within the hydroxylase. Only androstanedione and 3α-androstanediol were metabolized to hydroxylactones. The study uniquely demonstrated preference for oxidation of equatorial (11α-, 7β-) hydroxyketones by BVMO from B. bassiana. The time course experiments suggested that the activity of 17β-HSD is a factor determining the amount of produced ring-D lactones. The obtained 11α-hydroxylactones underwent further transformations (oxy-red reactions) at C-3. During conversion of androstanedione, a minor dehydrogenation pathway was observed with generation of 11α,17β-dihydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-3-one. The introduction of C1C2 double bond has been recorded in B. bassiana for the first time.
Steroids.Steroids.2014 Apr;82:44-52. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Jan 30.
Beauveria bassiana KCH 1065, as was recently demonstrated, is unusual amongst fungal biocatalysts in that it converts C19 3-oxo-4-ene and 3β-hydroxy-5-ene as well as 3β-hydroxy-5α-saturated steroids to 11α-hydroxy ring-D lactones. The Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) of this strain is distin
PMID 24486796

New C(4)- and C(1)-derivatives of furo[3,4-c]pyridine-3-ones and related compounds: Evidence for site-specific inhibition of the constitutive proteasome and its immunoisoform.

Hovhannisyan A1, Pham TH2, Bouvier D3, Piroyan A4, Dufau L5, Qin L6, Cheng Y7, Melikyan G8, Reboud-Ravaux M9, Bouvier-Durand M10.Author information 1Department of Organic Chemistry, Yerevan State University, A. Manoogian Str. 1, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia. Electronic address: annahovh@gmail.com.2Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, Molecular & Functional Enzymology, Case 256, 7 Quai St Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: bsthehien@yahoo.com.3Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Atelier de Bioinformatique, Case courrier 1202, 4 Place Jussieu, F 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France. Electronic address: dbouvier@snv.jussieu.fr.4Department of Organic Chemistry, Yerevan State University, A. Manoogian Str. 1, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia. Electronic address: aleksandr.piroyan@gmail.com.5Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, Molecular & Functional Enzymology, Case 256, 7 Quai St Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: dufaulaure@yahoo.fr.6Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, Molecular & Functional Enzymology, Case 256, 7 Quai St Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: lixian.qin@free.fr.7Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, Molecular & Functional Enzymology, Case 256, 7 Quai St Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: cyan86520@hotmail.com.8Department of Organic Chemistry, Yerevan State University, A. Manoogian Str. 1, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia. Electronic address: acect@yahoo.com.9Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, Molecular & Functional Enzymology, Case 256, 7 Quai St Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: Michele.Reboud@upmc.fr.10Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, Molecular & Functional Enzymology, Case 256, 7 Quai St Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8256, B2A, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: mbouvier@snv.jussieu.fr.AbstractA set of 18 new C(4) and C(1) derivatives of nor-cerpegin (1,1-dimethyl furo[3,4-c]pyridine-3-one), 6 model compounds (γ- and δ-lactones) and 20 furo- or thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-4-one related compounds were designed and synthesized. Each compound was assayed for inhibition of CT-L, T-L and PA proteolytic activities of 20S constitutive proteasome (c20S). Most performant compounds were also assayed on 20S immunoproteasome (i20S). Compound 10 with a benzylamino group at C(4) and dimethylated at C(1) of the furopyridine ring was the most efficient PA site-specific inhibitor of the c20S (IC50(cPA) of 600nM) without noticeable inhibition of the i20S PA site (iPA). In silico docking assays for 10 at the iPA catalytic site revealed the absence of poses normally observed for this compound and related ones at the constitutive PA site (cPA). The thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-one 40 was T-L site-specific with a mild inhibition of both c20S and i20S in vitro (IC50(cT-L) of 9.9μM and IC50(iT-L) of 6.7μM). In silico docking assays of 40 at T-L sites of c20S and i20S revealed almost identical first rank poses in the two types of sites with no possibility left for nucleophilic attack by Thr1 as observed for the fused furopyridine-3-one 10.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.Bioorg Med Chem Lett.2014 Mar 15;24(6):1571-80. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.01.072. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
A set of 18 new C(4) and C(1) derivatives of nor-cerpegin (1,1-dimethyl furo[3,4-c]pyridine-3-one), 6 model compounds (γ- and δ-lactones) and 20 furo- or thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-4-one related compounds were designed and synthesized. Each compound was assayed for inhibition of CT-L, T-L and PA pro
PMID 24534487

Application of molecular docking and ONIOM methods for the description of interactions between anti-quorum sensing active (AHL) analogues and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasR binding site.

Ahumedo M1, Drosos JC, Vivas-Reyes R.Author information 1Grupo de Química Cuántica y Teórica, Universidad de Cartagena, Programa de Química, campus de San Pablo Cartagena-Colombia, Colombia. maicolahumedom@yahoo.es ricardovivasreyes@yahoo.com.AbstractMolecular docking methods were applied to simulate the coupling of a set of nineteen acyl homoserine lactone analogs into the binding site of the transcriptional receptor LasR. The best pose of each ligand was explored and a qualitative analysis of the possible interactions present in the complex was performed. From the results of the protein-ligand complex analysis, it was found that residues Tyr-64 and Tyr-47 are involved in important interactions, which mainly determine the antagonistic activity of the AHL analogues considered for this study. The effect of different substituents on the aromatic ring, the common structure to all ligands, was also evaluated focusing on how the interaction with the two previously mentioned tyrosine residues was affected. Electrostatic potential map calculations based on the electron density and the van der Waals radii were performed on all ligands to graphically aid in the explanation of the variation of charge density on their structures when the substituent on the aromatic ring is changed through the elements of the halogen group series. A quantitative approach was also considered and for that purpose the ONIOM method was performed to estimate the energy change in the different ligand-receptor complex regions. Those energy values were tested for their relationship with the corresponding IC50 in order to establish if there is any correlation between energy changes in the selected regions and the biological activity. The results obtained using the two approaches may contribute to the field of quorum sensing active molecules; the docking analysis revealed the role of some binding site residues involved in the formation of a halogen bridge with ligands. These interactions have been demonstrated to be responsible for the interruption of the signal propagation needed for the quorum sensing circuit. Using the other approach, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis, it was possible to establish which structural characteristics and chemical requirements are necessary to classify a compound as a possible agonist or antagonist against the LasR binding site.
Molecular bioSystems.Mol Biosyst.2014 Mar 13. [Epub ahead of print]
Molecular docking methods were applied to simulate the coupling of a set of nineteen acyl homoserine lactone analogs into the binding site of the transcriptional receptor LasR. The best pose of each ligand was explored and a qualitative analysis of the possible interactions present in the complex wa
PMID 24626770

Japanese Journal

Microbial transformations of halolactones with p-menthane system(MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY)

Mazur Marcelina,Grudniewska Aleksandra,Wawrzenczyk Czeslaw
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 119(1), 72-76, 2015-01
… oryzae AM8 culture the bromolactone with additional hydroxy group in α-position, relative to C=0 bond in γ-lactone ring, was also formed as a product. …
NAID 110009892236