WordNet

any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
relating to or located near the organ that produces tears (同)lachrymal
of or relating to tears (同)lachrymal
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
=lachrymal / 涙腺(るいせん)の近くにある

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/30 02:33:18」(JST)

wiki en

The lacrimal nerve is the smallest of the three branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve.

It sometimes receives a filament from the trochlear nerve that is derived from the branch that goes from the ophthalmic to the trochlear nerve.

It passes forward in a separate tube of dura mater, and enters the orbit through the narrowest part of the superior orbital fissure.

In the orbit it runs along the upper border of the lateral rectus, with the lacrimal artery, and communicates with the zygomatic branch of the maxillary nerve.

It enters the lacrimal gland and gives off several filaments, which supply sensory innervation to the gland and the conjunctiva.

Then, it pierces the orbital septum, and ends in the skin of the upper eyelid, joining with filaments of the facial nerve.

The lacrimal nerve is occasionally absent, and its place is then taken by the zygomaticotemporal branch of the maxillary nerve. Sometimes the latter branch is absent, and a continuation of the lacrimal nerve is substituted for it.

Functions

It provides sensory innervations for the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, and the lateral upper eyelids.

The zygomatic nerve carries sensory fibers from the skin and mucous membranes. It also carries post-synaptic parasympathetic fibers (originating in the pterygopalatine ganglion) to the lacrimal nerve via a communication. These fibers will eventually provide innervation to the lacrimal gland.

Additional images

Nerves of the orbit. Seen from above.
Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion.
Sensory areas of the head, showing the general distribution of the three divisions of the fifth nerve.
The tarsi and their ligaments. Right eye; front view.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

Anatomy photo:29:16-0102 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Orbits and Eye: The Lacrimal Gland"
Atlas image: n2a4p2 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Branches of Trigeminal Nerve, Lateral View"
MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cnb1.htm
cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (VII)

UpToDate Contents

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1. ベル麻痺：成人における病因、臨床的特徴、および診断 bells palsy pathogenesis clinical features and diagnosis in adults
2. 小児における顔面神経麻痺 facial nerve palsy in children
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4. 肘および手首の尺骨神経障害 ulnar neuropathy at the elbow and wrist
5. 甲状腺の外科解剖学 surgical anatomy of the thyroid gland

English Journal

Delayed surgical management is not effective for severe Bell's palsy after two months of onset.

Li Y1, Sheng Y1, Feng GD2, Wu HY2, Gao ZQ2.
The International journal of neuroscience.Int J Neurosci.2016 Nov;126(11):989-95. doi: 10.3109/00207454.2015.1092144. Epub 2015 Oct 30.
AIMS: To assess the effectiveness of delayed surgery and follow-up observation in managing severe Bell's palsy after two months of onset.METHODS: Forty-one Bell's palsy patients with severe facial paralysis were treated after two months of onset. Eighteen patients in group I underwent decompression
PMID 26514341

Emerging Points of the Supraorbital and Supratrochlear Nerves in the Supraorbital Margin With Reference to the Lacrimal Caruncle: Implications for Regional Nerve Block in Upper Eyelid and Dermatologic Surgery.

Shin KJ1, Shin HJ, Lee SH, Song WC, Koh KS, Gil YC.
Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.].Dermatol Surg.2016 Aug;42(8):992-8. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000818.
BACKGROUND: Blocking the supraorbital nerve (SON) and supratrochlear nerve (STN) by injecting anesthetic distal to the surgical site has the advantage in upper eyelid surgery that avoids obscuring the surgical landmarks and compromising the levator function.OBJECTIVE: To identify the emerging points
PMID 27355574

Orbital Involvement and Ocular Surface Changes in IgG4-Related Systemic Disease.

Kocabeyoglu S1, Karadag O, Mocan MC, Erden A, Irkec M.
Cornea.Cornea.2016 Jul 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: To evaluate ophthalmic involvement of systemic immunoglobulin-G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) and describe the changes in both ocular surface parameters and corneal subbasal nerve plexus.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty eyes of 10 patients with systemic IgG4-RD and 20 eyes of 10 control subjects
PMID 27467041

Japanese Journal

臨床報告ワニの涙症候に対する針の効果

竹田眞
日本東洋医学雑誌 63(5), 322-324, 2012-00-00
NAID 40019458068

Clinical aspects of IgG4-related orbital inflammation in a case series of ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disorders

Takahira Masayuki,Ozawa Yoshiaki,Kawano Mitsuhiro,Zen Yoh,Hamaoka Shoko,Yamada Kazunori,Sugiyama Kazuhisa
International Journal of Rheumatology 2012, 635473, 2012-00-00
… IgG4-related orbital inflammation (IgG4-ROI) often involves lacrimal glands and other orbital tissues and is an important differential diagnosis. … Orbital lesions other than lacrimal glands were present in six cases including extraocular muscle swelling, mass lesions surrounding the optic nerve, and supraorbital and infraorbital nerves enlargements. …
NAID 120004161529

東京都におけるクマ咬傷例

山口恵,角卓郎
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 104(7), 499-503, 2011-07-01
… Aside from nasal fracture, soft tissue of the eyes, lacrimal duct, parotid gland, and facial nerve were intact. …
NAID 10029062747

「涙腺神経」

Lacrimal nerve
	Dissection showing origins of right ocular muscles, and nerves entering by the superior orbital fissure.
	Nerves of the orbit, and the ciliary ganglion. Side view.
Details
Latin	nervus lacrimalis
From	ophthalmic nerve
Innervates	lacrimal gland
Identifiers
Gray's	p.887
Dorlands; /Elsevier	n_05/12566040
TA	A14.2.01.018
FMA	52628
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy