WordNet
- sing with closed lips; "She hummed a melody"
- a humming noise; "the hum of distant traffic" (同)humming
- be noisy with activity; "This office is buzzing with activity" (同)buzz, seethe
- sound with a monotonous hum (同)thrum
- make a low continuous sound; "The refrigerator is humming"
- relating to a person; "the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects"
- characteristic of humanity; "human nature"
- having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings; "human beings"; "the human body"; "human kindness"; "human frailty"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈ハチ・機械などが〉『ブンブンいう』,ブーンと鳴る / 『鼻歌を歌う』,ハミングスル / (ちゅうちょ・当惑で)ふむふむいう / 《話》〈雰囲気・事業などが〉活気がある,活発に動く;(…で)活気づく《+『with』+『名』》 / …‘を'『ハミングで歌う』,鼻歌を歌って…‘を'(ある状熊に)する / (ハチ・機械などの)『ブンブン』[『うなる音』];鼻歌 / (雑踏などの)ガヤガヤ]いう音],騒音 / ふ‐む,う‐ん(ちゅうちょ・当惑・黙考・疑惑・不快などの声)
- (動物・神に対して)『人間の』,人の / 『人間らいし』,人間的な,人情味のある / 〈C〉《複数形》(動物に怠して)人間(human being) / 〈U〉《the human》人類
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/06/15 15:26:30」(JST)
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HCov-229E |
Virus classification |
Group: |
Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
Order: |
Nidovirales |
Family: |
Coronaviridae |
Subfamily: |
Coronavirinae |
Genus: |
Alphacoronavirus |
Species: |
Human coronavirus 229E |
Human coronavirus 229E is a single-stranded, positive-sense, RNA virus species in the Alphacoronavirus genus of the subfamily Coronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. Along with Human coronavirus OC43, it is responsible for the common cold.[1][2]
Contents
- 1 Transmission
- 2 Signs and symptoms
- 3 Epidemiology
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Transmission
HCoV-229E transmits via droplet-respiration and fomites.
Signs and symptoms
HCoV-229E is associated with a range of respiratory symptoms, ranging from the common cold to high-morbidity outcomes such as pneumonia and bronchiolitis. It is also among the Coronaviruses most frequently codetected with other respiratory viruses, particularly with Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV).[3][4][5]
Epidemiology
HCoV-229E is one of the four human coronaviruses which include HC0V-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1 and are globally distributed.[6][7] However, the four viruses are detected in different parts of the world at different times of the year.[8][9][10]
See also
- Virulence
- Outbreak
- RNA virus
- Human coronavirus HKU1
- Positive/negative-sense
References
- ^ Susanna K. P. Lau, Paul Lee, Alan K. L. Tsang, Cyril C. Y. Yip,1 Herman Tse, Rodney A. Lee, Lok-Yee So, Yu-Lung Lau, Kwok-Hung Chan, Patrick C. Y. Woo, and Kwok-Yung Yuen. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Coronavirus OC43 Reveals Evolution of Different Genotypes over Time and Recent Emergence of a Novel Genotype due to Natural Recombination. J Virology. 2011 November; 85(21): 11325–11337.
- ^ E. R. Gaunt,1 A. Hardie,2 E. C. J. Claas,3 P. Simmonds,1 and K. E. Templeton. Epidemiology and Clinical Presentations of the Four Human Coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 Detected over 3 Years Using a Novel Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method down-pointing small open triangle. J Clin Microbiol. 2010 August; 48(8): 2940–2947.
- ^ Pene, F., A. Merlat, A. Vabret, F. Rozenberg, A. Buzyn, F. Dreyfus, A. Cariou, F. Freymuth, and P. Lebon. 2003. Coronavirus 229E related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 37:929-932. [PubMed]
- ^ Vabret, A., T. Mourez, S. Gouarin, J. Petitjean, and F. Freymuth. 2003. An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36:985-989. [PubMed]
- ^ Woo, P. C. Y., S. K. P. Lau, H. Tsoi, Y. Huang, R. W. S. Poon, C. M. Chu, R. A. Lee, W. K. Luk, G. K. M. Wong, B. H. L. Wong, V. C. C. Cheng, B. S. F. Tang, A. K. L. Wu, R. W. H. Yung, H. Chen, Y. Guan, K. H. Chan, and K. Y. Yuen. 2005. Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1 associated community acquired pneumonia. J. Infect. Dis. 192:1898-1907. [PubMed]
- ^ Fields, B. N., D. M. Knipe, and P. M. Howley (ed.). 1996. Fields virology, 3rd ed. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, PA.
- ^ van der Hoek, L., P. Krzysztof, and B. Berkhout. 2006. Human coronavirus NL63, a new respiratory virus. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 30:760-773. [PubMed]
- ^ Esper, F., C. Weibel, D. Ferguson, M. L. Landry, and J. S. Kahn. 2006. Coronavirus HKU1 infection in the United States. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12:775-779. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
- ^ Gerna, G., E. Percivalle, A. Sarasini, G. Campanini, A. Piralla, F. Rovida, E. Genini, A. Marchi, and F. Baldanti. 2007. Human respiratory coronavirus HKU1 versus other coronavirus infections in Italian hospitalised patients. J. Clin. Virol. 38:244-250. [PubMed]
- ^ Kaye, H. S., H. B. Marsh, and W. R. Dowdle. 1971. Seroepidemiologic survey of coronavirus (strain OC 43) related infections in a children's population. Am. J. Epidemiol. 94:43-49. [PubMed]
External links
- http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/about/
- http://virology-online.com/viruses/CORZA4.htm
- Coronaviruses
- Viralzone: Alphacoronavirus
- Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Coronaviridae
Infectious diseases – viral systemic diseases (A80–B34, 042–079)
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|
Oncovirus |
- DNA virus
- HBV
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- HPV
- Cervical cancer
- Anal cancer
- Penile cancer
- Vulvar cancer
- Vaginal cancer
- Oropharyngeal cancer
- KSHV
- Kaposi's sarcoma
- EBV
- Nasopharynx cancer
- Burkitt's lymphoma
- Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
- Nasal type NK/T-cell lymphoma
- MCPyV
- Merkel cell carcinoma
- RNA virus
- HCV
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
- HTLV-I
- Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
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Immune disorders |
|
|
Central
nervous system |
Encephalitis/
meningitis |
- DNA virus
- JCV
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- RNA virus
- MeV
- Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
- LCV
- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
- Arbovirus encephalitis
- Orthomyxoviridae (probable)
- Encephalitis lethargica
- RV
- Rabies
- Chandipura virus
- Herpesviral meningitis
- Ramsay Hunt syndrome type II
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Myelitis |
- Poliovirus
- Poliomyelitis
- Post-polio syndrome
- HTLV-I
- Tropical spastic paraparesis
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Eye |
- Cytomegalovirus
- Cytomegalovirus retinitis
- HSV
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Cardiovascular |
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Respiratory system/
acute viral nasopharyngitis/
viral pneumonia |
DNA virus |
- Epstein–Barr virus
- EBV infection/Infectious mononucleosis
- Cytomegalovirus
|
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RNA virus |
- IV: SARS coronavirus
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome
- V: Orthomyxoviridae: Influenzavirus A/B/C
- Influenza/Avian influenza
- V, Paramyxoviridae: Human parainfluenza viruses
- RSV
- hMPV
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Human digestive system |
Pharynx/Esophagus |
- MuV
- Cytomegalovirus
- Cytomegalovirus esophagitis
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Gastroenteritis/
diarrhea |
- DNA virus
- Adenovirus
- Adenovirus infection
- RNA virus
- Rotavirus
- Norovirus
- Astrovirus
- Coronavirus
|
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Hepatitis |
- DNA virus
- HBV (B)
- RNA virus
- CBV
- HAV (A)
- HCV (C)
- HDV (D)
- HEV (E)
- HGV (G)
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Pancreatitis |
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Urogenital |
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Index of viral disease
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Description |
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Disease |
- Systemic
- Cutaneous
- Zoster
- Human papillomavirus
- Zoonotic
- Symptoms and signs
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Treatment |
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Design, synthesis, and bioevaluation of viral 3C and 3C-like protease inhibitors.
- Prior AM, Kim Y, Weerasekara S, Moroze M, Alliston KR, Uy RA, Groutas WC, Chang KO, Hua DH.SourceDepartment of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
- Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.Bioorg Med Chem Lett.2013 Dec 1;23(23):6317-20. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.09.070. Epub 2013 Sep 30.
- A class of tripeptidyl transition state inhibitors containing a P1 glutamine surrogate, a P2 leucine, and a P3 arylalanines, was found to potently inhibit Norwalk virus replication in enzyme and cell based assays. An array of warheads, including aldehyde, α-ketoamide, bisulfite adduct, and α-hydro
- PMID 24125888
- Delayed induction of proinflammatory cytokines and suppression of innate antiviral response by the novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: implications for pathogenesis and treatment.
- Lau SK, Lau CC, Chan KH, Li CP, Chen H, Jin DY, Chan JF, Woo PC, Yuen KY.SourceState Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
- The Journal of general virology.J Gen Virol.2013 Dec;94 Pt 12:2679-90. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.055533-0. Epub 2013 Sep 28.
- The high mortality associated with the novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has raised questions about the possible role of a cytokine storm in its pathogenesis. Although recent studies showed that MERS-CoV infection is associated with an attenuated IFN response, no inductio
- PMID 24077366
- Clinical impact of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 infection in diverse adult populations.
- Walsh EE, Shin JH, Falsey AR.SourceDepartment of Medicine, Rochester General Hospital.
- The Journal of infectious diseases.J Infect Dis.2013 Nov 15;208(10):1634-42. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit393. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
- BACKGROUND: The incidence and clinical impact of coronavirus (CoV) infection in elderly persons and those with underlying cardiopulmonary disease over a long duration is not well described. We determined the incidence and clinical impact of 229E and OC43 CoV in this population during 4 consecutive w
- PMID 23922367
Japanese Journal
- Characterization and epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- Kariwa Hiroaki,Noda Hiroshi,Nakauchi Mina,Ishizuka Mariko,Hashiguchi Kazuaki,Hashimoto Shingo,Yoshii Kentaro,Asano Atsushi,Agui Takashi,Kogaki Hiroyuki,Kurano Yoshihiro,Uchida Yoshiaki,Fujii Nobuyuki,Okada Masahisa,Takashima Ikuo
- Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research 55(4), 115-127, 2008-03-07
- … To establish specific diagnosticmethods, we generated nine clones of monoclonal antibodies to nucleocapsid protein (NP) ofSARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). … On immunofluorescent antibody assay and Western blottinganalysis, none of the monoclonal antibodies showed cross-reactivity to authentic and recombinantNPs of human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E strain. …
- NAID 120000951647
- IIA-27 Human coronavirus 229E enters the cell through caveolae(THE 46TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY)
- Nomura Ryuji,Senda Takao
- Acta histochemica et cytochemica 38(6), S26, 2005
- NAID 110004101616
Related Links
- For many years, scientists knew only about the existence of two human coronaviruses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43). The discovery of SARS-CoV added another human ...
- All group 1b coronaviruses encode a single accessory protein between the spike and envelope genes, except for human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E. The prototype virus has a split gene, encoding the putative ORF4a and ORF4b proteins.
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- human coronavirus 229E
[★]
- 関
- ape、hominid、Hominidae、homo、Homo sapiens、human being、human race、human-type、man、Pongidae
[★]
- 関
- Coronaviridae、porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus