WordNet

pertaining to or affecting the liver; "hepatic ducts"; "hepatic cirrhosis"
a small lobe or subdivision of a lobe

PrepTutorEJDIC

肝臓の;肝臓にきく,肝臓のような色の
小葉;小裂片

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/12 10:27:18」(JST)

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A hepatic lobule is a small division of the liver defined at the histological scale. It should not be confused with the anatomic lobes of the liver (caudate lobe, quadrate lobe, left lobe, and right lobe), or any of the functional lobe classification systems.

The two-dimensional microarchitecture of the liver can be viewed from multiple different perspectives:^[1]

Name	Shape	Model
classical lobule^[2]	hexagonal; divided into concentric centrilobular, midzonal, periportal parts	anatomical
portal lobule^[3]	triangular; centered on a portal triad	bile secretion
acinus ^[4]	elliptical or diamond-shaped; divided into zone I (periportal), zone II (transition zone), and zone III (pericentral)	blood flow and metabolic

The term "hepatic lobule", without qualification, typically refers to the classical lobule.

Zones

Oxygenation zones are numbered inside the diamond-shaped acinus (in red)

From a metabolic perspective, the functional unit is the hepatic acinus (terminal acinus), each of which is centered on the line connecting two portal triads and extends outwards to the two adjacent central veins. The periportal zone I is nearest to the entering vascular supply and receives the most oxygenated blood, making it least sensitive to ischemic injury while making it very susceptible to viral hepatitis. Conversely, the centrilobular zone III has the poorest oxygenation, and will be most affected during a time of ischemia.^[5]

Functionally, zone I hepatocytes are specialized for oxidative liver functions such as gluconeogenesis, β-oxidation of fatty acids and cholesterol synthesis, while zone III cells are more important for glycolysis, lipogenesis and cytochrome P-450-based drug detoxification.^[6] This specialization is reflected histologically; the detoxifying zone III cells have the highest concentration of CYP2E1 and thus are most sensitive to NAPQI production in acetaminophen toxicity.^[7] Other zonal injury patterns include zone I deposition of hemosiderin in hemochromatosis and zone II necrosis in yellow fever.^[6]

References

^ Cell and Tissue Structure at U. Va.
^ Histology image: 88_03 at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
^ Histology image: 88_09a at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
^ Histology image: 88_09b at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
^ B.R. Bacon; J.G. O'Grady; A.M. Di Bisceglie; J.R. Lake (2006). Comprehensive Clinical Hepatology. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 0-323-03675-9.
^ ^a ^b E.R. Schiff; M.F. Sorrell; W.C. Maddrey, eds. (2007). Schiff's Diseases of the Liver, Tenth Edition. Lippincott William & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-6040-2.
^ M.J. Burns; S.L. Friedman; A.M. Larson (2009). "Acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning in adults: Pathophysiology, presentation, and diagnosis". In D.S. Basow. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate.

External links

Histology image: 15401loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University
Histology at siumed.edu
Histology at okstate.edu
Histology at webmd.idv.tw.
UIUC Histology Subject 923

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 肝線維症の非侵襲的評価：血清学的検査および画像診断 noninvasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis overview of serologic and radiographic tests
2. 成人における肝外傷のマネージメント management of hepatic trauma in adults
3. 成人における門脈圧亢進症 portal hypertension in adults
4. 肝内胆管の消失および胆管消失症候群 hepatic ductopenia and vanishing bile duct syndrome
5. 肝障害のマネージメントのための外科手技 surgical techniques for managing hepatic injury

English Journal

Comparative immunohistochemical assessment of the effect of repetitive anesthesia with isoflurane and sevoflurane on rat liver.

Ruxanda F1, Gal AF2, Raţiu C3, Miclăuş V1, Rus V1, Oana LI4.
Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier).Braz J Anesthesiol.2016 Sep-Oct;66(5):465-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjane.2015.02.003. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Inhalation anesthetics are used in human, as well as veterinary medical practice. In the present study we investigated the effect of isoflurane and sevoflurane on rat hepatocytes.METHODS: A total of 40 Wistar female rats were used in this study. Animals were divided in gro
PMID 27591459

[Comparative immunohistochemical assessment of the effect of repetitive anesthesia with isoflurane and sevoflurane on rat liver].

Ruxanda F1, Gal AF2, Raţiu C3, Miclăuş V1, Rus V1, Oana LI4.
Revista brasileira de anestesiologia.Rev Bras Anestesiol.2016 Sep-Oct;66(5):465-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjan.2015.09.007. Epub 2016 Jul 21.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Inhalation anesthetics are used in human, as well as veterinary medical practice. In the present study we investigated the effect of isoflurane and sevoflurane on rat hepatocytes.METHODS: A total of 40 Wistar female rats were used in this study. Animals were divided in gro
PMID 27452780

A Review of Three-Dimensional Printing in Tissue Engineering.

Sears NA1, Seshadri DR1, Dhavalikar PS1, Cosgriff-Hernandez E1.
Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews.Tissue Eng Part B Rev.2016 Aug;22(4):298-310. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2015.0464. Epub 2016 Apr 11.
Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies have led to a rapid expansion of applications from the creation of anatomical training models for complex surgical procedures to the printing of tissue engineering constructs. In addition to achieving the macroscale geometry of organs a
PMID 26857350

Japanese Journal

Hepatic interferon-stimulated genes are differentially regulated in the liver of chronic hepatitis C patients with different interleukin-28B genotypes

Honda Masao,Shirasaki Takayoshi,Shimakami Tetsuro,Sakai Akito,Horii Rika,Arai Kuniaki,Yamashita Tatsuya,Sakai Yoshio,Yamashita Taro,Okada Hikari,Nakamura Mikiko,Mizukoshi Eishiro,Kaneko Shuichi
Hepatology 59(3), 828-838, 2014-03
… Pretreatment up-regulation of hepatic interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) has a stronger association with the treatment-resistant interleukin (IL)28B minor genotype (MI; … This loss of correlation was the result of the impaired infiltration of immune cells into the liver lobules of MI patients, as demonstrated by regional gene expression analysis in liver lobules and portal areas using laser capture microdissection and immunohistochemical staining. …
NAID 120005447749

ブタの肝小葉の経時的な構造変化

美名口順,山本かおる,植田弘美,竹花一成
酪農学園大学紀要. 自然科学編 37(2), 181-187, 2013-04
NAID 110009559305

mFOLFOX6療法後に発症した門脈圧亢進症の1例

緒方大聡,具嶋敏文,丸岡新子,高崎智子,田中吏佐,松浦隆志,相島慎一,高橋和弘
Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 110(12), 2119-2126, 2013
症例は46歳男性．S状結腸癌肝転移の診断でS状結腸切除術，肝部分切除術，胆嚢切除術を施行された．術後化学療法としてmFOLFOX6療法を施行された頃から血小板減少と脾腫が出現し，3年後にF3の食道胃静脈瘤を認めた．肝生検組織では，大腸癌手術時の摘出肝と比して類洞の拡張に加え門脈が狭小化して不明瞭となっていた．Oxaliplatinは非肝硬変性の門脈圧亢進症をきたすことがあり，留意すべきである．
NAID 130003383332

「肝小葉」

Lobules of liver
	The structure of the liver’s functional units or lobules. Blood enters the lobules through branches of the portal vein and hepatic artery proper, then flows through sinusoids.
Details
Identifiers
Latin	lobuli hepatis
TA	A05.8.01.056
FMA	76488
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

英: lobule of liver (Z), hepatic lobules
ラ: lobuli hepatis
関: 肝臓

「hepatic」

　　[★]

adj.

肝臓の、肝性の、肝の

関: hepato、hepatogenic、liver

[1] Cell and Tissue Structure at U. Va.

[2] Histology image: 88_03 at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

[3] Histology image: 88_09a at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

[4] Histology image: 88_09b at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

[bacon-5] B.R. Bacon; J.G. O'Grady; A.M. Di Bisceglie; J.R. Lake (2006). Comprehensive Clinical Hepatology. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 0-323-03675-9.

[schiff-6] E.R. Schiff; M.F. Sorrell; W.C. Maddrey, eds. (2007). Schiff's Diseases of the Liver, Tenth Edition. Lippincott William & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-6040-2.

[7] M.J. Burns; S.L. Friedman; A.M. Larson (2009). "Acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning in adults: Pathophysiology, presentation, and diagnosis". In D.S. Basow. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate.

匿名

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案内

案内

hepatic lobules