グアニル酸

関: 5'-guanylic acid、GMP、guanosine monophosphate、guanylate

WordNet

street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"

PrepTutorEJDIC

酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/07/14 17:15:25」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Guanosine monophosphate (GMP), also known as 5'-guanidylic acid or guanylic acid (conjugate base guanylate), is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside guanosine. GMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase guanine; hence it is a ribonucleoside monophosphate. Guanosine monophosphate is commercially produced by microbial fermentation.^[1]

Guanosine monophosphate in the form of its salts, such as disodium guanylate (E627), dipotassium guanylate (E628) and calcium guanylate (E629), are food additives used as flavor enhancers to provide the umami taste. It is often used in synergy with disodium inosinate; the combination is known as disodium 5'-ribonucleotides. Disodium guanylate is often found in instant noodles, potato chips and snacks, savoury rice, tinned vegetables, cured meats, and packet soup.

As it is a fairly expensive additive, it is usually not used independently of glutamic acid or monosodium glutamate (MSG), which also contribute umami. If inosinate and guanylate salts are present in a list of ingredients but MSG does not appear to be, the glutamic acid is likely provided as part of another ingredient, such as a processed soy protein complex (hydrolyzed soy protein), autolyzed yeast, or soy sauce.

As inhibitor of guanosine monophosphate synthesis in experimental models, the glutamine analogue DON can be used.^[2]

As an acyl substituent, it takes the form of the prefix guanylyl-.

De novo synthesis

GMP synthesis starts with D-ribose 5'-phosphate, a product of the pentose phosphate pathway. The synthesis proceeds by the gradual formation of the purine ring on carbon-1 of ribose, with CO₂, glutamine, glycine, aspartate and one-carbon derivatives of tetrahydrofolate donating various elements towards the building of the ring^[3]

cGMP

GMP can also exist as a cyclic structure known as cyclic GMP. Within certain cells the enzyme guanylyl cyclase makes cGMP from GTP.

cGMP plays an important role in mediating hormonal signaling.^[3]

References

^ http://www.vrg.org/blog/2011/03/21/disodium-inosinate-and-disodium-guanylate-are-all-vegetable-flavor-enhancers/
^ Ahluwalia GS et al. Metabolism and action of amino acid analog anti-cancer agents ”, in Pharmac. Ther. (1990) 46: 243-271
^ ^a ^b Voet, Donald; Voet, Judith G. (2012). Biochemistry. USA: John Wiley & Sons Inc. pp. 1107–1109. ISBN 978-0-470-57095-1.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

L-arginine affects the IVM of cattle cumulus-oocyte complexes.

Dubeibe DF1, Caldas-Bussiere MC2, Maciel VL Jr1, Sampaio WV1, Quirino CR1, Gonçalves PB3, De Cesaro MP3, Faes MR1, Paes de Carvalho CS1.
Theriogenology.Theriogenology.2017 Jan 15;88:134-144. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.017. Epub 2016 Sep 17.
Nitric oxide (NO) is identified as a signaling molecule involved in many cellular or physiological functions, including meiotic maturation of cattle oocytes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of culture medium with the L-arginine (L-arg, NO synthesis precursor) in nuclear ma
PMID 27743687

Sulfur dioxide: a physiologic endothelium-derived relaxing factor.

Wang XB1, Cui H2, Du JB3.
Histology and histopathology.Histol Histopathol.2017 Jan;32(1):21-26. Epub 2016 Jul 6.
The gasotransmitter nitric oxide was classified as the first endothelium-derived relaxant factor, and opened a new era in cardiovascular research. Another small gas, sulfur dioxide (SO₂), can also be generated endogenously in mammals. Recent studies have shown that SO₂ may play important roles i
PMID 27380633

Farnesoid X Receptor and Its Ligands Inhibit the Function of Platelets.

Moraes LA1, Unsworth AJ2, Vaiyapuri S2, Ali MS2, Sasikumar P2, Sage T2, Flora GD2, Bye AP2, Kriek N2, Dorchies E2, Molendi-Coste O2, Dombrowicz D2, Staels B2, Bishop-Bailey D2, Gibbins JM2.
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.2016 Dec;36(12):2324-2333. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
OBJECTIVE: Although initially seemingly paradoxical because of the lack of nucleus, platelets possess many transcription factors that regulate their function through DNA-independent mechanisms. These include the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the superfamily of ligand-activated transcriptio
PMID 27758768

Japanese Journal

野菜の加熱にともなうグアニル酸の生成

堀江秀樹
日本調理科学会誌 45(5), 346-351, 2012-10
NAID 40019452958

P-056 トマトの味にグアニル酸が寄与する可能性(ポスターセッション,2010年度日本味と匂学会第44回大会)

堀江秀樹
日本味と匂学会誌 17(3), 331-332, 2010-12
NAID 80021561584

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「GMP」「グアニル酸」
拡張検索	「5'-guanylic acid」「deoxyguanylic acid」

「GMP」

Guanosine monophosphate
Names
	IUPAC name [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-Amino-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydro-2-furanyl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate
	Other names 5'-Guanidylic acid,; 5'-Guanylic acid,; E number E626
Identifiers
CAS Number	85-32-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Abbreviations	GMP
ChemSpider	6545 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.453
E number	E626 (flavour enhancer)
IUPHAR/BPS	5123;
MeSH	Guanosine+monophosphate
PubChem CID	6804;
	SMILES C1=NC2=C(N1[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O)NC(=NC2=O)N ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C10H14N5O8P
Molar mass	363.22 g·mol−1
Acidity (pKa)	0.7, 2.4, 6.1, 9.4
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

「グアニル酸」

　　[★]

英: guanylate, guanylic acid
関: グアノシン一リン酸 GMP

「5'-guanylic acid」

　　[★]

5'グアニル酸

関: GMP、guanosine monophosphate、guanylic acid

「deoxyguanylic acid」

　　[★] デオキシグアニル酸

[1] ttp://www.vrg.org/blog/2011/03/21/disodium-inosinate-and-disodium-guanylate-are-all-vegetable-flavor-enhancers/

[Ahluwalia-2] Ahluwalia GS et al. Metabolism and action of amino acid analog anti-cancer agents ”, in Pharmac. Ther. (1990) 46: 243-271

[:0-3] Voet, Donald; Voet, Judith G. (2012). Biochemistry. USA: John Wiley & Sons Inc. pp. 1107–1109. ISBN 978-0-470-57095-1.

匿名

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案内

案内

guanylic acid