WordNet

remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree or magnitude or effect; "a great crisis"; "had a great stake in the outcome"
a person who has achieved distinction and honor in some field; "he is one of the greats of American music"
of major significance or importance; "a great work of art"; "Einstein was one of the outstanding figures of the 20th centurey" (同)outstanding
relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind; "a great juicy steak"; "a great multitude"; "the great auk"; "a great old oak"; "a great ocean liner"; "a great delay"
any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
greater in size or importance or degree; "for the greater good of the community"; "the greater Antilles"
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(規模・範囲などが)『大きい』,巨大な / 『多数の』;『多量の』 / 『偉大な』,すぐれた;《the Great》《称号・肩書に用いて》 / (身分・地位などの)高い / 気高い,崇高な / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》重要な,重大な / 《人を表す名詞の前にのみ用いて》大の,たいへんな / 《話》すてきな,すばらしい / 《名詞的に》《the great》偉大な人たち,重要人物 / とても,すごく / とてもよく(very well) / 大物,花形
〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
(都市が)郊外を含んでいる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/30 09:52:41」(JST)

wiki en

Thoracic splanchnic nerves are splanchnic nerves that arise from the sympathetic trunk in the thorax and travel inferiorly to provide sympathetic innervation to the abdomen. The nerves contain preganglionic sympathetic and general visceral afferent fibers.

There are three main thoracic splanchnic nerves:

Name	Ganglia	Description
greater^[1]	T5-T9 or T5-T10^[2]	The nerve travels through the diaphragm and enters the abdominal cavity, where its fibers synapse at the celiac ganglia. The nerve contributes to the celiac plexus, a network of nerves located in the vicinity of where the celiac trunk branches from the abdominal aorta. The fibers in this nerve modulate the activity of the enteric nervous system of the foregut. They also provide the sympathetic innervation to the adrenal medulla, stimulating catecholamine release.
lesser^[3]	T9-T12, T9-T10,^[3] T10-T12, or T10-T11^[2]	The nerve travels inferiorly, lateral to the greater splanchnic nerve. Its fibers synapse with their postganglionic counterparts in the superior mesenteric ganglia, or in the aorticorenal ganglion. The nerve modulates the activity of the enteric nervous system of the midgut.
least or lowest^[4]	T12-L2, or T11-T12	The nerve travels into the abdomen, where its fibers synapse in the renal ganglia.

The nerve's origins can be remembered by the "4-3-2 rule", accounting for the number of ganglia giving rise to each nerve. However, different sources define the nerves in different ways, so this rule may not always be reliable.

Additional images

Greater splanchnic nerve, seen in thoracic cavity seen from left side.
Diagram of efferent sympathetic nervous system.
Plan of right sympathetic cord and splanchnic nerves.
The celiac ganglia with the sympathetic plexuses of the abdominal viscera radiating from the ganglia.
Lower half of right sympathetic cord.
The relations of the viscera and large vessels of the abdomen. Seen from behind, the last thoracic vertebra being well raised.
Thoracic splanchnic nerves

References

^ "greater splanchnic nerve" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ ^a ^b thoraxlesson5 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
^ ^a ^b "lesser splanchnic nerve" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ "Least splanchnic nerve" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

External links

Anatomy figure: 21:04-07 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The position of the right and left vagus nerves, and sympathetic trunks in the mediastinum."
Anatomy photo:40:10-0102 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: The Celiac Plexus"
-1274675140 at GPnotebook
figures/chapter_30/30-4.HTM: Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School
figures/chapter_32/32-6.HTM: Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School

UpToDate Contents

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2. 成人における慢性門脈血栓症：臨床症状、診断、および管理 chronic portal vein thrombosis in adults clinical manifestations diagnosis and management
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English Journal

Angiotensin-(1-12) in the rostral ventrolateral medullary pressor area of the rat elicits sympathoexcitatory responses.

Arakawa H, Kawabe K, Sapru HN.SourceH. N. Sapru: Department of Neurological Surgery, MSB H-586, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. sapru@umdnj.edu.
Experimental physiology.Exp Physiol.2013 Jan;98(1):94-108. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2012.067116. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
The rostral ventrolateral medullary pressor area (RVLM) is known to be critical in the regulation of cardiovascular function. In this study, it was hypothesized that the RVLM may be one of the sites of cardiovascular actions of a newly discovered angiotensin, angiotensin-(1-12) [Ang-(1-12)]. Experim
PMID 22707504

γ-aminobutyric acid-mediated neurotransmission in cerebellar-hypothalamic circuit attenuates gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion.

Du DS, Zhu T, Ren ST, Xie GL, Li SB, Chu DC, Liu XT, Liu M, Ma XB, Zhou MH, Zhu DN, Deng ZX, Wang J.SourceDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China Department of Life Science, Heze University, Heze, Shandong, China Life Science College of Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, China Shuyang People's Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu, China.
Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society.Neurogastroenterol Motil.2012 Dec 23. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12062. [Epub ahead of print]
Background Excessive greater splanchnic nerve (GSN) activation contributes to the progression of gastric ischemia-reperfusion (GI-R) injury. This study was designed to investigate the protective mechanism of cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) stimulation against GI-R injury. Methods The GI-R in
PMID 23279161

Muscimol microinjection into cerebellar fastigial nucleus exacerbates stress-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.

Zhu JZ, Fei SJ, Zhang JF, Zhu SP, Liu ZB, Li TT, Qiao X.Source1] Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China [2] Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China.
Acta pharmacologica Sinica.Acta Pharmacol Sin.2012 Dec 17. doi: 10.1038/aps.2012.152. [Epub ahead of print]
Aim:To investigate the effects of microinjection of the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol into cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) on stress-induced gastric mucosal damage and the underlying mechanism in rats.Methods:Stress-induced gastric mucosal damage was induced in adult male SD rats by restrainin
PMID 23247592

Japanese Journal

Morphometric evaluation of the aging process in various human nerve fibers

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 85(3), 103-106, 2008
NAID 130004495057

自律神経温存胃癌3群リンパ節郭清に必要な腹腔神経節,大小内臓神経と大動脈周囲リンパ節の局所解剖

日本消化器外科学会雑誌 37(4), 351-359, 2004-04-01
NAID 110001295022

自律神経温存胃癌３群リンパ節郭清に必要な腹腔神経節，大小内臓神経と大動脈周囲リンパ節の局所解剖

日本消化器外科学会雑誌 37(4), 351-359, 2004
NAID 130004344057

「大内臓神経」

Thoracic splanchnic nerves
	The right sympathetic chain and its connections with the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic plexuses. (Greater and lesser splanchnic nerves labeled at left.)
	Abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk, with the celiac and hypogastric plexuses. (Greater splanchnic and lowest splanchnic labeled at upper left. Greater splanchnic and lesser splanchnic labeled at upper right.)
Details
From	thoracic ganglia
Identifiers
MeSH	A08.800.050.050.800
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]