WordNet
- small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
- a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
- a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
- (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
- any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
- a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞
- (砂糖などが)粒の,粒状の / (紙・革などが)表面がざらざらしている
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/04/15 17:45:57」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Not to be confused with granule cell.
Juxtaglomerular cell |
Microscopic image of juxtaglomerular cells
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Drawing of renal corpuscle (juxtaglomerular cells are labeled as number 6)
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The juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells, or granular cells) are cells in the kidney that synthesize, store, and secrete the enzyme renin. They are specialized smooth muscle cells mainly in the walls of the afferent arterioles, and some in the efferent arterioles, that deliver blood to the glomerulus. In synthesizing renin, they play a critical role in the renin-angiotensin system and thus in renal autoregulation of the kidney.
Juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin in response to a drop in pressure detected by stretch receptors in the vascular walls, or when stimulated by macula densa cells. Macula densa cells are located in the distal convoluted tubule, and stimulate juxtaglomerular cells to release renin when they detect a drop in sodium concentration in tubular fluid. Together, juxtaglomerular cells and macula densa cells comprise the juxtaglomerular complex.
In appropriately stained slides, juxtaglomerular cells are distinguished by their granulated cytoplasm.
Similar to cardiac tissue, juxtaglomerular cells harbor β1 adrenergic receptors. When stimulated by epinephrine or norepinephrine, these receptors induce the secretion of renin. These cells also respond directly to a decrease in systemic blood pressure which is manifested as a lower renal perfusion pressure.
See also
- Juxtaglomerular cell tumor
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus
External links
- BU Histology Learning System: 16010loa
- juxtaglomerular+cells at eMedicine Dictionary
Anatomy: urinary system (TA A08, TH H3.06, GA 11.1215)
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Abdomen |
Kidneys
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Layers
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- Renal fascia
- Renal capsule
- Renal cortex
- Renal medulla
- Renal sinus
- Renal pyramids
- medullary interstitium
- Renal lobe
- Cortical lobule
- Medullary ray
- Nephron
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Intrarenal arteries
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- Renal artery
- Segmental arteries
- Interlobar arteries
- Arcuate arteries
- Interlobular arteries
- Afferent arterioles
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Renal tubule
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- Renal corpuscle
- Glomerulus
- Bowman's capsule
- Proximal tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Descending
- Thin ascending
- Thick ascending
- Distal convoluted tubule
- Connecting tubule
- Collecting ducts aka Duct of Belini
- Renal papilla
- Minor calyx
- Major calyx
- Renal pelvis
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Intrarenal veins
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- Efferent arterioles
- Peritubular capillaries/Vasa recta
- Arcuate vein
- Interlobar veins
- Renal vein
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JGA
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- Macula densa
- Juxtaglomerular cells
- Mesangium/Extraglomerular mesangial cell
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Filtration
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- Glomerular basement membrane
- Podocyte
- Filtration slits
- Mesangium/Intraglomerular mesangial cell
- Tubular fluid
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Ureters
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- Orifice of ureter
- Adventitia
- Muscular layer
- Mucosa
- Ureteropelvic junction
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Pelvis |
Bladder
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- Apex
- Uvula
- Neck
- Median umbilical ligament
- Muscular layer
- Mucosa
- Submucosa
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Urethra
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- Urethral sphincters
- External sphincter muscle of male urethra
- External sphincter muscle of female urethra
- Internal sphincter muscle of urethra
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noco/acba/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, urte
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proc/itvp, drug (G4B), blte, urte
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Human cell types / list derived primarily from mesoderm
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Paraxial |
Cartilage/bone/
muscle
(MSC) |
OCP |
bone: |
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cartilage: |
- Chondroblast → Chondrocyte
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Myofibroblast |
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muscle: |
- Myoblast → Myocyte
- Myosatellite cell
- Tendon cell
- Cardiac muscle cell
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adipose: |
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Digestive system |
- Interstitial cell of Cajal
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Intermediate |
Urinary system (RSC) |
- Angioblast → Endothelial cell
- Mesangial cell
- Intraglomerular
- Extraglomerular
- Juxtaglomerular cell
- Macula densa cell
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- Stromal cell → Interstitial cell → Telocytes
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- Simple epithelial cell → Podocyte
- Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell
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Reproductive system |
- Sertoli cell
- Leydig cell
- Granulosa cell
- Peg cell
- germ cells
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Lateral plate/
hemangioblast |
Blood/immune
(HSC) |
Lymphoid (CFU-L) |
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Myeloid (CFU-GEMM) |
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Circulatory system |
- Endothelial progenitor cell
- Endothelial stem cell
- Angioblast/Mesoangioblast
- Pericyte
- Mural cell
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anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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noco/acba/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, urte
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proc/itvp, drug (G4B), blte, urte
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anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot
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noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- New IDH1 I113T mutation associated with BRAF V600E mutation: New driver of gliomagenesis?
- Tabouret E1, Fina F2, Vincentelli F3, Nanni I2, Figarella-Branger D4.
- Journal of the neurological sciences.J Neurol Sci.2014 Jul 15;342(1-2):204-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.05.010. Epub 2014 May 15.
- BACKGROUND: IDH mutations and BRAF mutations are classically mutually exclusive and usually associated with infiltrative or circumscribed gliomas and glioneuronal tumors respectively.CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 26-year old man with intracranial hypertension revealing voluminous right fronta
- PMID 24857351
- Complex relationship between BOLD-fMRI and electrophysiological signals in different olfactory bulb layers.
- Li B1, Gong L1, Wu R1, Li A2, Xu F3.
- NeuroImage.Neuroimage.2014 Jul 15;95:29-38. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.052. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
- Blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI), one of the most powerful technologies in neuroscience, measures neural activity indirectly. Therefore, systematic correlation of BOLD signals with other neural activity measurements is critical to understanding and
- PMID 24675646
- An innovative three-dimensional model of normal human skin to study the proinflammatory psoriatic effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-17.
- Donetti E1, Cornaghi L2, Gualerzi A2, Baruffaldi Preis FW3, Prignano F4.
- Cytokine.Cytokine.2014 Jul;68(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Apr 6.
- BACKGROUND: Among all cytokines involved in the pathogenesis and in the progression of psoriasis, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-17 play a pivotal role.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to mimic a psoriatic microenvironment and to investigate the early effects of TN
- PMID 24787050
Japanese Journal
- Morphology and Nanostructure of Granular Materials Built from Nanoparticles
- Castillo Jose L.,Martin Santiago,Rodriguez-Perez Daniel [他]
- Kona powder and particle journal = 粉 (31), 214-233, 2014
- NAID 40019942726
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★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 関
- granular cell、granule cell、koniocellular
[★]
顆粒細胞の
- 関
- granular cell、granule cell、granule neuron
[★]
- 英
- granular cell (Z), granule cell
[★]
顆粒細胞性筋芽細胞腫
[★]
- 関
- granule、particulate
[★]
細胞