glucagon-like peptide 1

グルカゴン様ペプチド1、グルカゴン様ペプチド-1

関

GLP-1

WordNet

1. want to have; "Id like a beer now!"
2. a kind of person; "Well not see his like again"; "I cant tolerate people of his ilk" (同)ilk
3. a similar kind; "dogs, foxes, and the like", "we dont want the likes of you around here" (同)the like, the likes of
4. equal in amount or value; "like amounts"; "equivalent amounts"; "the same amount"; "gave one six blows and the other a like number"; "the same number" (同)same
5. resembling or similar; having the same or some of the same characteristics; often used in combination; "suits of like design"; "a limited circle of like minds"; "members of the cat family have like dispositions"; "as like as two peas in a pod"; "doglike devotion"; "a dreamlike quality" (同)similar
6. be fond of; "I like my nephews"
7. feel about or towards; consider, evaluate, or regard; "How did you like the Presidents speech last night?"
8. find enjoyable or agreeable; "I like jogging"; "She likes to read Russian novels"
9. a feeling of pleasure and enjoyment; "Ive always had a liking for reading"; "she developed a liking for gin"
10. amide combining the amino group of one amino acid with the carboxyl group of another; usually obtained by partial hydrolysis of protein
11. a hormone secreted by the pancreas; stimulates increases in blood sugar levels in the blood (thus opposing the action of insulin)
12. found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form; "a well-liked teacher"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. …‘を'『好む』,‘が'好きである / 《しばしば否定文で,またwould,《英》shouldと共に用いて》…‘を'望む,…したい / 『好む』;望む / 《複数形で》好み,好きな事
2. (外観・性質などが)…『に似た』,のような / (やり方,程度などが)…『と同じように』 / …『らしい』,にふさわいし / 《おもに話》たとえば…のような / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(性質・外観などが)同じの,(数量が)等しい / 《補語にのみ用いて》似ている,そっくりで / たぶん,おそらく(probably) / (…に)似た人(物),(…と)同等の人(物),匹敵する人(物)《+『of』+『名』》 / …のように / あたかも…のように
3. (…の)『好み』,趣味《+『for』(『to』)+『名』》

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/13 05:36:19」(JST)

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GLP-1 and Diabetes

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin derived from the transcription product of the proglucagon gene. The major source of GLP-1 in the body is the intestinal L cell that secretes GLP-1 as a gut hormone. The biologically active forms of GLP-1 are: GLP-1-(7-37) and GLP-1-(7-36)NH2. Those peptides result from selective cleavage of the proglucagon molecule.

GLP-1 secretion by ileal L cells is dependent on the presence of nutrients in the lumen of the small intestine. The secretagogues (agents that cause or stimulate secretion) of this hormone include major nutrients like carbohydrate, protein and lipid. Once in the circulation, GLP-1 has a half-life of less than 2 minutes, due to rapid degradation by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4. It is a potent antihyperglycemic hormone, inducing glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion while suppressing glucagon secretion. Such glucose-dependent action is particularly attractive because, when the plasma glucose concentration is in the normal fasting range, GLP-1 no longer stimulates insulin to cause hypoglycemia. GLP-1 appears to restore the glucose sensitivity of pancreatic β-cells, with the mechanism possibly involving the increased expression of GLUT2 and glucokinase. GLP-1 is also known to inhibit pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of insulin-secreting β-cells. In addition, GLP-1 inhibits gastric secretion and motility. This delays and protracts carbohydrate absorption and contributes to a satiating effect.

Physiological functions

GLP-1 possesses several physiological properties that make it (and its analogs) a subject of intensive investigation as a potential treatment of diabetes mellitus. The known physiological functions of GLP-1 include:

• increases insulin secretion from the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner.
• decreases glucagon secretion from the pancreas by engagement of a specific G protein-coupled receptor.
• increases insulin-sensitivity in both alpha cells and beta cells
• increases beta cells mass and insulin gene expression, post-translational processing and incretion.
• inhibits acid secretion and gastric emptying in the stomach.
• decreases food intake by increasing satiety in brain.
• promotes insulin sensitivity.

As evidence of the physiological role of GLP-1 in post-prandial insulin secretion, it has been shown that an oral dose of glucose triggers a much higher peak in plasma insulin concentration compared to an intravenous dose.

Obese patients undergoing gastric bypass showed marked metabolic adaptations, resulting in frequent diabetes remission 1 year later. When the confounding of calorie restriction is factored out, β-cell function improves rapidly, very possibly under the influence of enhanced GLP-1 responsiveness.

Outside of its function as an insulin secretagogue, GLP-1 seems also to play a role in bone physiology. Researchers at Universities of Angers and Ulster evidenced a massive reduction in bone strength in GLP-1 receptor knockout mice mainly due to a poor bone quality.

See also

• Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor
• Glucagon-like peptide-2
• Type 2 diabetes
• GLP-1 analogs : exenatide, liraglutide
• Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
• Sitagliptin ( a DPP4 inhibitor)
• Liraglutide
• Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide

References

External links

• Banting and Best Diabetes Centre at UT glp1
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

American diabetes association:link-http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/56/1/8.full

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
• 2. 2型糖尿病の治療に用いるジペプチジルペプチダーゼ4（DPP-4）阻害薬 dipeptidyl peptidase 4 dpp 4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
• 3. 2型糖尿病における持続性高血糖のマネージメント management of persistent hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
• 4. 2型糖尿病治療に用いるナトリウム-グルコース共輸送体2（SGLT2）阻害薬 sodium glucose co transporter 2 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
• 5. Obesity in adults: Drug therapy

English Journal

• Disrupted dynamics of F-actin and insulin granule fusion in INS-1 832/13 beta-cells exposed to glucotoxicity: partial restoration by glucagon-like peptide 1.

• Quinault A1, Gausseres B1, Bailbe D1, Chebbah N1, Portha B1, Movassat J1, Tourrel-Cuzin C2.
• Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2016 Aug;1862(8):1401-1411. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.04.007. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
• Actin dynamics in pancreatic β-cells is involved in insulin exocytosis but the molecular mechanisms of this dynamics and its role in biphasic insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells is largely unknown. Moreover, the impact of a glucotoxic environment on the sub-cortical actin network dynamics is p
• PMID 27101990

• Obesity alters molecular and functional cardiac responses to ischemia/reperfusion and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism.

• Sassoon DJ1, Goodwill AG1, Noblet JN1, Conteh AM1, Herring BP1, McClintick JN2, Tune JD1, Mather KJ3.
• Basic research in cardiology.Basic Res Cardiol.2016 Jul;111(4):43. Epub 2016 May 27.
• This study tested the hypothesis that obesity alters the cardiac response to ischemia/reperfusion and/or glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor activation, and that these differences are associated with alterations in the obese cardiac proteome and microRNA (miRNA) transcriptome. Ossabaw swine wer
• PMID 27234258

• Passiflora edulis peel intake improves insulin sensitivity, increasing incretins and hypothalamic satietogenic neuropeptide in rats on a high-fat diet.

• Lima GC1, Vuolo MM1, Batista ÂG1, Dragano NR2, Solon C2, Maróstica Junior MR3.
• Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.).Nutrition.2016 Jul-Aug;32(7-8):863-70. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.01.014. Epub 2016 Jan 30.
• OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Passiflora edulis peel flour (PEPF) intake on hypothalamic neuropeptides messenger RNA expression, insulin sensitivity, and other metabolic parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet.METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided in
• PMID 27138107

Japanese Journal

• A Human Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-albumin Recombinant Protein with Prolonged Hypoglycemic Effect Provides Efficient and Beneficial Control of Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Mice

• Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 40(9), 1399-1408, 2017-09
• NAID 40021298247

• Degradation of Incretins and Modulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Periodontopathic Bacterial Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

• Infection and Immunity 85(9), e00277-17, 2017-09
• NAID 120006334808

• GLP-1受容体作動薬阻害薬による糖尿病合併症抑制

• 内分泌・糖尿病・代謝内科 = Endocrinology, diabetology & metabolism 45(2), 137-141, 2017-08
• NAID 40021311560

Related Links

• Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (Human, 7-36 Amide) | 株式会社 ...

main Purity: ≧99.0% (HPLC) Other Name: GLP-1 (Human, 7-36 Amide) (Bovine, Canine, Rat, Guinea Pig) Glucagon-Like Peptide I Amide Fragment 7-36 human Preproglucagon (98-127) amide (human, bovine, guinea pig, mouse, rat)

• You & Your Hormones | Hormones | Glucagon-like peptide 1

Glucagon-like peptide 1 is a hormone produced in the gut and released in response to food. It causes reduced appetite and the release of insulin. Alternative names for glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1; incretin; glucagon-like peptide.

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リンク元	「グルカゴン様ペプチド-1」「GLP-1」
拡張検索	「glucagon-like peptide-1」
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「グルカゴン様ペプチド-1」

　　[★]

英

glucagon-like peptide 1 glucagon-like peptide-1 GLP-1

同

グルカゴン様ペプチド1

• 小腸L細胞で産生される。
• 食事性の刺激により分泌される。
• 膵臓β細​​胞、膵管、胃粘膜、腎臓、肺、心臓、皮膚、免疫細胞、視床下部など、さまざまな組織で発現する特定のGLP-1受容体に結合する。
• 膵β細胞に作用してグルコース依存性インスリン放出を刺激する。
• 胃内容排出を遅らせ、食事後の不適切なグルカゴン放出を抑制して、食物摂取量を減らす。
• 胃排出の遅延および脳内の食欲中枢への作用により、体重減少させる作用を有する。
• GLP-1は、ジペプチジルペプチダーゼ4(DPP-4)によるN末端分解のため、通常の半減期は1-2分である。

「GLP-1」

　　[★]

• グルカゴン様ペプチド-1 glucagon-like peptide 1 glucagon-like peptide-1

「glucagon-like peptide-1」

　　[★] グルカゴン様ペプチド-1 GLP-1

「like」

　　[★]

• v.

• 好む

• prep.

• 似ている、同様の

関

alike、as well as、care for、correspond、correspondingly、equally、favor、identically、likewise、prefer、resemble、same、similar、similarly、such