WordNet

exhibit the strength of; "The victorious army flexes its invincibility"
the act of flexing; "he gave his biceps a flex to impress the ladies"
bend a joint; "flex your wrists"; "bend your knees" (同)bend
cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form; "bend the rod"; "twist the dough into a braid"; "the strong man could turn an iron bar" (同)bend, deform, twist, turn
contract; "flex a muscle"
make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(仕事などを始める準備運動として)〈手足など〉‘を'曲げる,〈筋肉〉‘を'縮める
電線,電気のコード
〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/10/25 12:08:53」(JST)

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Not to be confused with Inflection.

Elbow joint and wrist joint in a state of flexion, with forearm pronated.

In anatomy, flexion (from the Latin verb flectere, to bend)^[1] is a joint movement that decreases the angle between the bones that converge at the joint. For example, a person's elbow joint is flexed when the hand is brought nearer to the shoulder.

Flexion may be instigated by muscle contraction. A muscle that flexes a joint is called a flexor.

In joint extension, the opposite of joint flexion, the angle of the joint increases.

Flexors[edit]

Upper limb[edit]

of forearm at elbow
- Brachialis
- Brachioradialis
- Biceps brachii

of humerus at shoulder
- Pectoralis major
- Anterior deltoid
- Coracobrachialis
- Biceps brachii

of carpus at wrist
- flexor carpi radialis
- flexor carpi ulnaris

Lower limb[edit]

of femur/thigh at hip (L1-L2)^[2]
- Iliopsoas
- Tensor fasciae latae
- Rectus femoris
- (additional minor contributions from other hip flexors)

of leg at knee (L5-S2)^[3]
- Posterior compartment of thigh/Hamstrings
  - Biceps femoris
  - Semitendinosus
  - Semimembranosus
- Gracilis
- Sartorius
- Tensor fasciae latae
- Gastrocnemius
- Popliteus
- Plantaris (negligible)

of toes
- Posterior compartment of leg
  - Flexor hallucis longus
  - Flexor digitorum longus
- Flexor digitorum brevis
- Quadratus plantae
- Flexor hallucis brevis
- Flexor digiti minimi brevis

of proximal phalanges at metatarsophalangeal joint^[4]
- Lumbrical muscle (foot)
- Plantar interossei
- Dorsal interossei

Other[edit]

torso/lumbar vertebrae
- Rectus abdominis muscle

neck at atlanto-occipital joint
- Longus capitis muscle

References[edit]

^ Anderson, Kenneth N.; et al., eds. (1994). Mosby's Medical, Nursing, & Allied Health Dictionary (4th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book. p. 624. ISBN 9780801672255. OCLC 312496360.
^ Hip Articulations
^ Knee Articulations
^ Foot Articulations

External links[edit]

Flexion at eMedicine Dictionary

UpToDate Contents

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1. 心不全における骨格筋機能低下および運動耐容能低下 skeletal muscle dysfunction and exercise intolerance in heart failure
2. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness
3. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
4. 筋力低下患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with muscle weakness
5. 遠位指節間関節の屈筋腱の損傷（ジャージー指） flexor tendon injury of the distal interphalangeal joint jersey finger

English Journal

Comparative proteomic profiling of soleus, extensor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis and interosseus muscles from the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Carberry S, Brinkmeier H, Zhang Y, Winkler CK, Ohlendieck K.SourceDepartment of Biology, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
International journal of molecular medicine.Int J Mol Med.2013 Sep;32(3):544-56. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1429. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is due to genetic abnormalities in the dystrophin gene and represents one of the most frequent genetic childhood diseases. In the X-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) mouse model of dystrophinopathy, different subtypes of skeletal muscles are affected to a varying degree alb
PMID 23828267

Biomechanical properties of the plantar flexor muscle-tendon complex 6 months post-rupture of the achilles tendon.

McNair P, Nordez A, Olds M, Young SW, Cornu C.SourceHealth and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.J Orthop Res.2013 Sep;31(9):1469-74. doi: 10.1002/jor.22381. Epub 2013 May 6.
We compared the effects of a non-weight bearing protocol (NWB) and a weight bearing (WB) protocol on energy stored, stiffness, and shock absorption in the plantar flexor muscle-tendon unit of patients managed non-operatively following an Achilles tendon rupture. Thirty-eight subjects were randomized
PMID 23649780

Slowed muscle force production and sensory organization deficits contribute to altered postural control strategies in children with developmental coordination disorder.

Fong SS, Ng SS, Yiu BP.SourceInstitute of Human Performance, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong. Electronic address: smfong@hku.hk.
Research in developmental disabilities.Res Dev Disabil.2013 Sep;34(9):3040-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.05.035. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
This study aimed to (1) compare the postural control strategies, sensory organization of balance control, and lower limb muscle performance of children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and (2) determine the association between postural control strategies, sensory organizati
PMID 23831475

Japanese Journal

農林水産省経営局長賞・奨励賞乳牛8頭に発生した後肢ナックルの原因診断と整復適応症例の検討 (平成25年度家畜診療等技術全国研究集会・入賞論文)

佐藤弘泰,石山大,井上宣子 [他]
家畜診療 = Journal of livestock medicine 61(8), 469-476, 2014-08
NAID 40020172300

Characteristics of Postural Muscle Activation Patterns Induced by Unexpected Surface Perturbations in Elite Ski Jumpers

Mani Hiroki,Izumi Tatsuya,Konishi Tomoya,Samukawa Mina,Yamamoto Keizo,Watanabe Kazuhiko,Asaka Tadayoshi
Journal of Physical Therapy Science 26(6), 833-839, 2014-06
… Cross-correlation analyses showed longer time lags at the moment of peak correlation coefficient between trunk flexor and extensor muscle activities, and shorter time lags and higher correlations between ankle flexor and extensor muscle activities were shown in the athlete group than in the control group. …
NAID 120005472206

Changes in Corticospinal Excitability during Dual Task

FUKUMOTO Hiroyuki,SAKEMOTO Natsuki,NISHIHIRA Yoshiaki
Advances in exercise and sports physiology 20(2), 45-50, 2014-06
… In each task, TMS was applied to the left primary motor cortex (Ml), and the motorevoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI), the flexor carpi radialis (FCR), and extensor carpi radialis (ECR) of the right hand. … No significant difference was found in the bEMG activity between ST and DT performed at muscle contractions of 10% and 30% MVC. …
NAID 110009830214