シルビウス裂
WordNet
- break into fissures or fine cracks
- (anatomy) a long narrow slit or groove that divides an organ into lobes
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
- (細長い)裂け目,亀裂(きれつ)(crack)
- OLD French古[代]フランス語
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/11 16:32:58」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Brain: Lateral sulcus |
Lateral sulcus
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| Latin |
fissura lateralis cerebri, sulcus lateralis cerebri |
| Gray's |
subject #189 819 |
| NeuroNames |
hier-30 |
| NeuroLex ID |
birnlex_1487 |
The lateral sulcus (also called Sylvian fissure or lateral fissure) is one of the most prominent structures of the human brain.
Contents
- 1 Anatomy
- 2 Discovery
- 3 Additional images
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Anatomy[edit]
It divides the frontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe below. It is in both hemispheres of the brain but is longer in the left hemisphere in most people. The lateral sulcus is one of the earliest-developing sulci of the human brain. It first appears around the fourteenth gestational week.[1]
The lateral sulcus has a number of side branches. Two of the most prominent and most regularly found are the ascending (also called vertical) ramus and the horizontal ramus of the lateral fissure, which subdivide the inferior frontal gyrus. The lateral sulcus also contains the transverse temporal gyri, which are part of the primary and below the surface auditory cortex.
Partly due to a phenomenon called Yakovlevian torque, the lateral sulcus is often longer and less curved on the left hemisphere than on the right.
It is also located near Sylvian Point.
The area lying around the Sylvian fissure is often referred to as the perisylvian cortex.[2]
Discovery[edit]
The first depiction of the lateral sulcus (in its top right side) in 1600 in the Tabulae Pictae 112.10 by Girolamo Fabrici d'Acquapendente .
The cerebral cortex was not depicted in a realistic manner until the 17th century with the Sylvian fissure being first accurately painted by Girolamo Fabrici d'Acquapendente in 1600 to provide plates for his Tabulae Pictae.[3]
The engraving by J. Voort Kamp published in 1641 that led to the lateral sulcus being named after Franciscus Sylvius
Its first description is traditionally taken to be in 1641 by Caspar Bartholin who attributed its discovery to Franciscus Sylvius (1614–1672), professor of medicine at Leiden University his book Casp. Bartolini Institutiones Anatomicae where it is noted that "F.S. [F.S. probably refers to Franciscus Sylvius] If you examine the indentations which are represented in Figure 5 quite attentively, you will notice that they are very deep and that the brain is divided from one side to the other by the “anfractuosa fissura,” which starts in the front part near the ocular roots, and from there moves backwards above the base of the spinal cord, following the temporal bones, and it divides the upper part of the brain from the lower."[3]
It has been suggested that since Caspar Bartholin died in 1629 and Franciscus Sylvius only started medicine in 1632 that these words are either by his son Thomas Bartholin or Franciscus Sylvius. In 1663 in his Disputationem Medicarum, Franciscus Sylvius described the lateral fissure: "Particularly noticeable is the deep fissure or hiatus which begins at the roots of the eyes (oculorum radices) . . . it runs posteriorly above the temples as far as the roots of the brain stem (medulla radices). . . . It divides the cerebrum into an upper, larger part and a lower, smaller part".[3]
Additional images[edit]
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Base of brain (lateral fissure visible at top left)
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Coronal section through mid-brain
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Posterior and inferior cornua of left lateral ventricle exposed from the side
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Drawing to illustrate the relations of the brain to the skull
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Relations of the brain and middle meningeal artery to the surface of the skull
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Human brain frontal (coronal) section
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Lateral sulcus shown in red (animation)
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Cerebrum. Lateral view.Deep disection.
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Cerebrum. Lateral view.Deep disection.
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Cerebrum. Lateral view.Deep disection.
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Cerebrum. Optic and olfactory nerves.Inferior view. Deep dissection.
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Cerebrum.Inferior view. Deep dissection.
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References[edit]
- ^ Jee G. Chi, Elizabeth C. Dooling, Floyd H. Gilles (January 1977). "Gyral development of the human brain". Annals of Neurology 1 (1): 86–93. doi:10.1002/ana.410010109. PMID 560818.
- ^ Courten Norbury: Understanding Developmental Language Disorders: From Theory to Practice 2008, p. 63
- ^ a b c Collice M, Collice R, Riva A. (2008). Who discovered the sylvian fissure? Neurosurgery. 63(4):623-8 doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000327693.86093.3F PMID 18981875
External links[edit]
- The peri-sylvian aphasias
- sylvian fissure
- http://www.uams.edu/radiology/education/residency/diagnostic/pdf/sylvian_cistern_RSNA2003.pdf
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Human brain: forebrain (cerebrum, cerebral cortex, cerebral hemispheres, grey matter) (TA A14.1.09.002–240, 301–320, GA 9.818–826)
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| Frontal lobe |
| Superolateral |
| Prefrontal |
- Superior frontal gyrus
- Middle frontal gyrus
- Inferior frontal gyrus: 11l
- 47-Pars orbitalis
- Broca's area
- 44-Pars opercularis
- 45-Pars triangularis
- Superior frontal sulcus
- Inferior frontal sulcus
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| Precentral |
- Precentral gyrus
- Precentral sulcus
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| Medial/inferior |
| Prefrontal |
- Superior frontal gyrus
- Medial frontal gyrus
- Paraterminal gyrus/Paraolfactory area
- Straight gyrus
- Orbital gyri/Orbitofrontal cortex
- Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
- Subcallosal area
- Olfactory sulcus
- Orbital sulci
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| Precentral |
- Paracentral lobule
- Paracentral sulcus
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| Both |
- Primary motor cortex
- Premotor cortex
- Supplementary motor area
- Supplementary eye field
- Frontal eye fields
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| Parietal lobe |
| Superolateral |
- Superior parietal lobule
- Inferior parietal lobule
- 40-Supramarginal gyrus
- 39-Angular gyrus
- Parietal operculum
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| Medial/inferior |
- Paracentral lobule
- Precuneus
Marginal sulcus
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| Both |
- Postcentral gyrus/primary somatosensory cortex
- Secondary somatosensory cortex
- Posterior parietal cortex
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| Occipital lobe |
| Superolateral |
- Occipital pole of cerebrum
- Lateral occipital gyrus
- Lunate sulcus
- Transverse occipital sulcus
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| Medial/inferior |
- Primary visual cortex
- Cuneus
- Lingual gyrus
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| Temporal lobe |
| Superolateral |
- Transverse temporal gyrus/Primary auditory cortex
- Superior temporal gyrus
- Middle temporal gyrus
- Inferior temporal gyrus
- Superior temporal sulcus
- Inferior temporal sulcus
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| Medial/inferior |
- Fusiform gyrus
- Medial temporal lobe
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Interlobar
sulci/fissures |
| Superolateral |
- Central (frontal+parietal)
- Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal)
- Parieto-occipital
- Preoccipital notch
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| Medial/inferior |
- Medial longitudinal
- Cingulate (frontal+cingulate)
- Collateral (temporal+occipital)
- Callosal sulcus
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| Limbic lobe |
| Parahippocampal gyrus |
- anterior
- Entorhinal cortex
- Perirhinal cortex
- Posterior parahippocampal gyrus
- Prepyriform area
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| Cingulate cortex/gyrus |
- Subgenual area
- Anterior cingulate
- Posterior cingulate
- Isthmus of cingulate gyrus: Retrosplenial cortex
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| Hippocampal formation |
- Hippocampal sulcus
- Fimbria of hippocampus
- Dentate gyrus
- Rhinal sulcus
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| Other |
- Supracallosal gyrus
- Uncus
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| Insular lobe |
- Long gyrus of insula
- Short gyri of insula
- Circular sulcus of insula
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| General |
- Operculum
- Poles of cerebral hemispheres
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Some categorizations are approximations, and some Brodmann areas span gyri.
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anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp
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noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Franciscus Sylvius on Clinical Teaching, Iatrochemistry and Brain Anatomy.
- Parent A1.
- The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques.Can J Neurol Sci.2016 Jul;43(4):596-603. doi: 10.1017/cjn.2016.14. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
- PMID 26911424
- A historical lesson from Franciscus Sylvius and Jacobus Sylvius.
- Bakkum BW1.
- Journal of chiropractic humanities.J Chiropr Humanit.2011 Dec;18(1):94-8. doi: 10.1016/j.echu.2011.10.002. Epub 2011 Nov 11.
- PMID 22693484
- Extended endoscopic endonasal approach to the suprasellar parachiasmatic cisterns: anatomic study.
- Abuzayed B1, Tanriover N, Akar Z, Eraslan BS, Gazioglu N.
- Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery.Childs Nerv Syst.2010 Sep;26(9):1161-70. doi: 10.1007/s00381-010-1204-0. Epub 2010 Jun 22.
- PMID 20567834
Japanese Journal
- 類モヤモヤ病に合併した遠位部破裂中大脳動脈瘤の1例
- 年長Ｄｏｗｎ症候群２６例の頭部単純ＣＴ所見について
Related Links
- fissure [fish´er] 1. a narrow slit or cleft, especially one of the deeper or more constant furrows separating the gyri of the brain. 2. a deep cleft in the surface of a tooth, usually due to imperfect fusion of the enamel of the ...
- fissure of Sylvius fissure of Syl·vi·us (sĭl'vē-əs) or sylvian fissure n. The deepest and most prominent of the cortical fissures of the brain, extending between frontal and temporal lobes, then back and slightly upward over the lateral ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- Sylvian fissure, fissure of Sylvius
- ラ
- fissura Sylvii
- 同
- シルヴィウス裂、外側大脳裂 lateral cerebral fissure fissura cerebri lateralis、外側溝 sulcus lateralis、シルビウス溝、Sylvian溝、Sylvian裂
- 関
- 中心溝、頭頂後頭溝、大脳溝
[show details]
-Sylvian fissure
[★]