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pertaining to or affecting the liver; "hepatic ducts"; "hepatic cirrhosis"

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肝臓の;肝臓にきく,肝臓のような色の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/10/11 06:53:57」(JST)

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dimethyl sulfide

Fetor hepaticus or foetor hepaticus (see spelling differences), also known as breath of the dead or hepatic foetor, is a condition seen in portal hypertension where portosystemic shunting allows thiols to pass directly into the lungs. It is a late sign in liver failure and is one of the clinical features of hepatic encephalopathy. Other possible causes are the presence of ammonia and ketones in the breath. The breath has a sweet, fecal smell to it.

The compound dimethyl sulfide has been associated with it,^[1] raising the possibility of an objective noninvasive measure of liver failure. Furthermore, the volatile dimethyl sulfide is thought by some researchers to be the main contributor to the odor of fetor hepaticus.^[2]^[3] A secondary form of trimethylaminuria is also associated with liver failure, and it has been suggested that that trimethylamine is also a contributor to the odor of fetor hepaticus.^[4]

References

^ Van den Velde S, Nevens F, Van Hee P, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M (November 2008). "GC-MS analysis of breath odor compounds in liver patients". J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 875 (2): 344–8. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.08.031. PMID 18938115. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1570-0232(08)00646-6.
^ Kaji, H; Hisamura, M; Saito, N; Murao, M (1978 May 1). "Gas chromatographic determination of volatile sulfur compounds in the expired alveolar air in hepatopathic subjects.". Journal of chromatography 145 (3): 464-8. PMID 659533.
^ Tangerman, A; Meuwese-Arends, MT; Jansen, JB (1994 Feb 19). "Cause and composition of foetor hepaticus.". Lancet 343 (8895): 483. PMID 7905979.
^ Mitchell, S; Ayesh, R; Barrett, T; Smith, R (1999 May). "Trimethylamine and foetor hepaticus.". Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 34 (5): 524-8. PMID 10423071.

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1. 成人における肝性脳症：臨床症状および診断 hepatic encephalopathy in adults clinical manifestations and diagnosis
2. 成人における肝硬変：病態、臨床症状、および診断 cirrhosis in adults etiologies clinical manifestations and diagnosis
3. せん妄および錯乱状態の診断 diagnosis of delirium and confusional states
4. 小児における急性肝不全：病因および評価 acute liver failure in children etiology and evaluation

English Journal

Detection of volatile malodorous compounds in breath: current analytical techniques and implications in human disease.

Calenic B1, Amann A.
Bioanalysis.Bioanalysis.2014 Feb;6(3):357-76. doi: 10.4155/bio.13.306.
For the last few decades intense scientific research has been placed on the relationship between trace substances found in exhaled breath such as volatile organic compounds (VOC) and a wide range of local or systemic diseases. Although currently there is no general consensus, results imply that VOC
PMID 24471956

GC-MS analysis of breath odor compounds in liver patients.

Van den Velde S1, Nevens F, Van Hee P, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci.2008 Nov 15;875(2):344-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.08.031. Epub 2008 Sep 17.
BACKGROUND: Liver diseases can cause a sweet, musty aroma of the breath, called fetor hepaticus. Even in a stage of cirrhosis, the disease can be asymptomatic for many years. Breath analysis might be helpful to detect occult liver pathology.STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether specific breat
PMID 18938115