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of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of an atom; "nuclear physics"; "nuclear fission"; "nuclear forces"
(weapons) deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy; "nuclear war"; "nuclear weapons"; "atomic bombs" (同)atomic
constituting or like a nucleus; "annexation of the suburban fringe by the nuclear metropolis"; "the nuclear core of the congregation"
of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of a cell; "nuclear membrane"; "nuclear division"
any substance (as a toxin or enzyme) that stimulates an immune response in the body (especially the production of antibodies)
capable of being extracted (同)extractible

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『核の』,細胞核の / [『原子』]『核の』
抗原(生物の体内にはいって免疫体を作る物質)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/07 22:45:15」(JST)

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Extractable Nuclear Antigens are over 100 different soluble cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens. Autoantibodies to these antigens are associated with particular connective tissue disorders.

The six main antigens used in immunological laboratories for detection are Ro, La, Sm, RNP, Scl-70 and Jo1,^[1] which are screened for by Ouchterlony double immuno diffusion techniques and confirmed by immunoblotting.

On anti-nuclear antibody tests, these antigens have a speckled pattern.^[2]

Terminology[edit]

ENAs originally referred to proteins found in a saline extract of cell nuclei^{[citation needed]}. Its components have since been more clearly identified and in fact include many cytoplasmic molecules. The misnomer however has stuck. These proteins are intimately associated with various RNA molecules and are thus called ribonucleoproteins, but the nomenclature used for them is often a source of confusion, Sm, Ro and La were named after the first 2 letters of the surnames of the patients in whom they were first found. Two proteins associated with Sjogren's Syndrome were independently described as antigens A and B, but are now known to be identical to Ro and La respectively. i.e. SS-A = Ro and SS-B = La.

ENA[edit]

ENA is a grouping of antibodies often used to screen for mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus and commonly is composed of four tests:^[3]

anti-Sm (for SLE)
anti-RNP (for MCTD)
anti-La (for Sjögren's)
anti-Ro (for Sjögren's)
anti-Scl70 ) for Scleroderma
anti-Jo (for Dermatomyositis)

References[edit]

^ Prince HE, Hogrefe WR (1998). "Evaluation of a line immunoblot assay for detection of antibodies recognizing extractable nuclear antigens". J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 12 (5): 320–4. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2825(1998)12:5<320::AID-JCLA13>3.0.CO;2-X. PMID 9773966.
^ "Immunopathology".
^ ENA test (QUANTA Lite) product sheet. inovadx.com. URL: http://www.inovadx.com/Products/di_pdfs/708555/628555rEnglish.pdf ENA. Accessed on: November 5, 2007.

External links[edit]

Extractable Nuclear Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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1. 2本鎖（ds）DNA、Sm、およびU1 RNPに対する抗体 antibodies to double stranded ds dna sm and u1 rnp
2. 抗Ro/SSA抗体および抗La/SSB抗体の臨床的意義 clinical significance of anti ro ssa and anti la ssb antibodies
3. 混合性結合組織病における抗U1-RNP抗体 anti u1 rnp antibodies in mixed connective tissue disease
4. 混合性結合組織病の定義および診断 definition and diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease
5. 血管炎性ニューロパチーの診断および治療 diagnosis and treatment of vasculitic neuropathy

English Journal

Plasma cell neoplasm in conjunction with glioblastoma of the conus medullaris.

Williams SR, Parker JR, Martin A, Vitaz T, Parker JC Jr.SourceDepartment of Pathology, University of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Annals of clinical and laboratory science.Ann Clin Lab Sci.2011 Fall;41(1):61-5.
We report a plasma cell neoplasm in conjunction with a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) of the conus medullaris in a 42-year-old man. Glioblastoma is a World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV neoplasm that requires surgical intervention, radiation, and possibly chemotherapy. Astrocytomas of the spinal
PMID 21325257