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an elementary particle with negative charge (同)negatron
a globulin in blood plasma that carries iron (同)beta_globulin, siderophilin

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/30 21:59:00」(JST)

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An electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) or electron transfer flavoprotein complex (CETF) is a flavoprotein located on the matrix face of the inner mitochondrial membrane and functions as a specific electron acceptor for primary dehydrogenases, transferring the electrons to terminal respiratory systems such as electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase. They can be functionally classified into constitutive, "housekeeping" ETFs, mainly involved in the oxidation of fatty acids (Group I), and ETFs produced by some prokaryotes under specific growth conditions, receiving electrons only from the oxidation of specific substrates (Group II).^[1]

ETFs are heterodimeric proteins composed of an alpha and beta subunit (ETFA and ETFB), and contain an FAD cofactor and AMP.^[2]^[3] ETF consists of three domains: domains I and II are formed by the N- and C-terminal portions of the alpha subunit, respectively, while domain III is formed by the beta subunit. Domains I and III share an almost identical alpha-beta-alpha sandwich fold, while domain II forms an alpha-beta-alpha sandwich similar to that of bacterial flavodoxins. FAD is bound in a cleft between domains II and III, while domain III binds the AMP molecule. Interactions between domains I and III stabilise the protein, forming a shallow bowl where domain II resides.

Mutation in ETFs can lead to deficiency of passing reducing equivalent of FADH₂ to electron transport chain, causing Glutaric acidemia type 2

References

^ Weidenhaupt M, Rossi P, Beck C, Fischer HM, Hennecke H (1996). "Bradyrhizobium japonicum possesses two discrete sets of electron transfer flavoprotein genes: fixA, fixB and etfS, etfL". Arch. Microbiol. 165 (3): 169–78. doi:10.1007/s002030050312. PMID 8599534.
^ Tsai MH, Saier MH (1995). "Phylogenetic characterization of the ubiquitous electron transfer flavoprotein families ETF-alpha and ETF-beta". Res. Microbiol. 146 (5): 397–404. doi:10.1016/0923-2508(96)80285-3. PMID 8525056.
^ Roberts DL, Frerman FE, Kim JJ (1996). "Three-dimensional structure of human electron transfer flavoprotein to 2.1-A resolution". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (25): 14355–60. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.25.14355. PMC 26136. PMID 8962055.

External links

Pfam entry for Electron transfer flavoprotein domain
Pfam entry for Electron transfer flavoprotein FAD-binding domain

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English Journal

A novel mode of lactate metabolism in strictly anaerobic bacteria.

Weghoff MC1, Bertsch J, Müller V.
Environmental microbiology.Environ Microbiol.2014 Apr 25. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12493. [Epub ahead of print]
Lactate is a common substrate for major groups of strictly anaerobic bacteria but the biochemistry and bioenergetics of lactate oxidation is obscure. The high redox potential of the pyruvate/lactate pair of E0' = -190 mV excludes direct NAD+ reduction (E0' = -320 mV). To identify the hitherto unknow
PMID 24762045

PINK1 loss-of-function mutations affect mitochondrial complex I activity via NdufA10 ubiquinone uncoupling.

Morais VA1, Haddad D, Craessaerts K, De Bock PJ, Swerts J, Vilain S, Aerts L, Overbergh L, Grünewald A, Seibler P, Klein C, Gevaert K, Verstreken P, De Strooper B.
Science (New York, N.Y.).Science.2014 Apr 11;344(6180):203-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1249161. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
Under resting conditions, Pink1 knockout cells and cells derived from patients with PINK1 mutations display a loss of mitochondrial complex I reductive activity, causing a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Analyzing the phosphoproteome of complex I in liver and brain from Pink1(-/-)
PMID 24652937

Japanese Journal

Decomposition of the fluorescence spectra of two FAD molecules in electron-transferring flavoprotein from Megasphaera elsdenii

Sato Kyosuke,Nishina Yasuzo,Shiga Kiyoshi
The journal of biochemistry 154(1), 61-66, 2013-07
NAID 40019683313

Interaction between NADH and electron-transferring flavoprotein from Megasphaera elsdenii

Sato Kyosuke,Nishina Yasuzo,Shiga Kiyoshi
The journal of biochemistry 153(6), 565-572, 2013-06
NAID 40019655679

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「電子伝達フラボタンパク」「電子伝達フラボタンパク質」「電子伝達フラボプロテイン」
関連記事	「flavoprotein」「electro」「electron」「transferrin」

「電子伝達フラボタンパク」

Electron transfer flavoprotein FAD-binding domain
	structure of electron transferring flavoprotein for methylophilus methylotrophus.
Identifiers
Symbol	ETF_alpha
Pfam	PF00766
Pfam clan	CL0085
InterPro	IPR014731
PROSITE	PDOC00583
SCOP	1efv
SUPERFAMILY	1efv
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Electron transfer flavoprotein domain
	electron transfer flavoprotein (etf) from paracoccus denitrificans
Identifiers
Symbol	ETF
Pfam	PF01012
Pfam clan	CL0039
InterPro	IPR014730
PROSITE	PDOC00583
SCOP	1efv
SUPERFAMILY	1efv
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary