WordNet

read with difficulty; "Can you decipher this letter?"; "The archeologist traced the hieroglyphs" (同)trace
a message written in a secret code (同)cypher
a secret method of writing (同)cypher, cryptograph, secret code
a person of no influence (同)cypher, nobody, nonentity
to hear and understand; "I read you loud and clear!"
something that is read; "the article was a very good read"
indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments; "The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero"; "The gauge read `empty" (同)register, show, record
have or contain a certain wording or form; "The passage reads as follows"; "What does the law say?" (同)say
obtain data from magnetic tapes; "This dictionary can be read by the computer" (同)scan
audition for a stage role by reading parts of a role; "He is auditioning for `Julius Caesar at Stratford this year"
interpret something that is written or printed; "read the advertisement"; "Have you read Salman Rushdie?"
interpret the significance of, as of palms, tea leaves, intestines, the sky; also of human behavior; "She read the sky and predicted rain"; "I cant read his strange behavior"; "The fortune teller read his fate in the crystal ball"
look at, interpret, and say out loud something that is written or printed; "The King will read the proclamation at noon"
convert code into ordinary language (同)decrypt, decipher
the activity of making clear or converting from code into plain text; "a secret key or password is required for decryption" (同)decryption, decipherment
impossible to determine the meaning of; "an indecipherable message"
not easily deciphered; "indecipherable handwriting" (同)unclear, undecipherable, unreadable
a reader capable of reading and interpreting illegible or obscure text
not deciphered; "Linear A is still undeciphered"
converted from cryptic to intelligible language

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈分かりにくい文字など〉'を'判読する / 〈暗号〉'を'解読する
〈書かれた物・印刷された物〉‘を'『読む』 / 〈書かれた物・印刷された物〉‘を'『読み上げる』,読んで聞かせる / 〈外国語・文学・記号など〉を判読する,解読する / 〈事〉‘を'『読んで知る』 / 〈隠れた意味など〉‘を'『読み取る』,見抜く / 〈計器・時計が〉…‘を'示す,表示する(show) / 《文》(…を)…‘と'訂正して読む,読み替える《+『名』+『for』+『名』》 / 《英》(大学で)…‘を'学ぶ,専攻する / 『本を読む』,読書する / 『音読する』;(人に)読み上げる《+『to』+『名』》 / (…のことを)読んで知る《+『about』(『of』)+『名』》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈本などが〉(…と)読める,読んでみると(…)である,〈物事が〉(…と)解釈される
readの過去分詞 / 《『be』『read』『in』+『名』》よく読んで(…に)精通した
…‘の'暗号(code)を解く
(文字・暗号などが)判読できない
判読できる,解読できる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/27 15:59:35」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Decipherment is the analysis of documents written in ancient languages, where the language is unknown, or knowledge of the language has been lost.

It is closely related to cryptanalysis — the difference being that the original document was deliberately written to be difficult to interpret.

The term has also been used to describe the analysis of the genetic code information encoded in DNA - see the Human Genome Project article for more on this.

Some people have also used the word metaphorically to mean something like 'understanding'.

Examples of successful script decipherment:

Cuneiform script
Egyptian hieroglyphs
Kharoshthi script
Linear B
Maya script
Tangut script

Famous documents that have been the subject of decipherments, successful or failed:

the Behistun Inscription
the Dresden Codex
the Cippi of Melqart
the Edicts of Ashoka
the Phaistos Disc
the Rohonc Codex
the Rosetta Stone
the Voynich Manuscript
the Franks Casket

Famous decipherers:

Magnus Celsius, decipherer of the Staveless runes
Jean-François Champollion, decipherer of the Egyptian hieroglyphs
Georg Friedrich Grotefend, decipherer of the Old Persian Cuneiform
Edward Hincks, decipherer of the Babilonian Cuneiform script
Bedřich Hrozný, decipherer of the Hittite cuneiform script and language
Vilhelm Thomsen, decipherer of the Old Turkic script
George Smith, decipherer of the Cypriot syllabary
Hans Bauer, Édouard Paul Dhorme, and Charles Virolleaud, decipherers of the Ugaritic alphabet
Sūn Yíràng, decipherer of the Oracle bone script
Jan-Olaf Tjäder, decipherer of the "great writing" of Ravenna (variant of the Roman cursive)
Michael Ventris and John Chadwick, decipherers of the Linear B
Yuri Knorozov, decipherer of the Maya script

Dhul-Nun al-Misri
Ibn Wahshiyya

External links

Ancient Languages and Scripts
http://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~fsaber1/language/MysteryCuneiform.html
How come we can't decipher the Indus script? (from The Straight Dope)
Austin Simmons, The Cipherment of the Franks Casket (PDF)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 前立腺癌の予後判定のための分子検査法 molecular prognostic tests for prostate cancer
2. 転移性乳癌における予後および予測因子 prognostic and predictive factors in metastatic breast cancer
3. ゲノム疾患：概要 genomic disorders an overview
4. 成人における不安とうつの併存：疫学、臨床症状および診断 comorbid anxiety and depression in adults epidemiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis
5. 非喫煙者における肺癌 lung cancer in never smokers

English Journal

Capillary morphogenesis in PEG-collagen hydrogels.

Singh RK, Seliktar D, Putnam AJ.SourceDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2013 Dec;34(37):9331-40. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.016. Epub 2013 Sep 7.
A wide variety of hydrogels have been explored as 3D culture platforms and for applications in tissue engineering. Hydrogels formed from natural extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins readily support the formation of vasculature in vitro, but only a handful of hydrogels composed of synthetic materials
PMID 24021759

Impact of PPAR-α induction on glucose homoeostasis in alcohol-fed mice.

Lebrun V, Molendi-Coste O, Lanthier N, Sempoux C, Cani PD, van Rooijen N, Stärkel P, Horsmans Y, Leclercq IA.SourceLaboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2013 Dec;125(11):501-11. doi: 10.1042/CS20130064.
Alcohol consumption is a major cause of liver disease. It also associates with increased cardiovascular risk and Type 2 diabetes. ALD (alcoholic liver disease) and NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) share pathological features, pathogenic mechanisms and pattern of disease progression. In NAFL
PMID 23758436

Large scale expression and purification of the mouse 5-HT3 receptor.

Hassaine G, Deluz C, Li XD, Graff A, Vogel H, Nury H.SourceLaboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Membranes, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2013 Nov;1828(11):2544-2552. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.05.028. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
Receptors of the Cys-loop family are central to neurotransmission and primary therapeutic targets. In order to decipher their gating and modulation mechanisms, structural data is essential. However, structural studies require large amounts of pure, functional receptors. Here, we present the expressi
PMID 23747684

Methodologies to decipher the cell secretome.

Mukherjee P, Mani S.SourceDepartment of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA. Electronic address: paromita.mukherjee@phd.einstein.yu.edu.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2013 Nov;1834(11):2226-32. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.01.022. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
The cell secretome is a collection of proteins consisting of transmembrane proteins (TM) and proteins secreted by cells into the extracellular space. A significant portion (~13-20%) of the human proteome consists of secretory proteins. The secretory proteins play important roles in cell migration, c
PMID 23376189