脳神経障害
- 関
- cranial nerve disease、cranial nerve palsy、cranial neuropathy、multiple cranial neuropathy
WordNet
- bring disorder to (同)disarray
- a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning; "the doctor prescribed some medicine for the disorder"; "everyone gets stomach upsets from time to time" (同)upset
- a disturbance of the peace or of public order
- any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
- of or relating to the cranium which encloses the brain; "cranial pressure"
- control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"
- not arranged in order (同)unordered
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉『無秩序』,混乱,乱雑(confusion) / 《しばしば複数形で》(社会的・政治的な)粉争,騒動 / 〈C〉(肉体的・精神的な)不調,異常,障害 / …‘の'秩序を乱す / 〈心身〉‘に'異常を起こさせる
- 〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
- 頭蓋(ずがい)の
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/08 12:09:56」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Cranial nerve disease |
| Classification and external resources |
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Cranial nerves
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| ICD-10 |
G50-G53 |
| ICD-9 |
350-352 |
| DiseasesDB |
17207 |
| MeSH |
D003389 |
Cranial nerve disease is an impaired functioning of one of the twelve cranial nerves. Although it could theoretically be considered a mononeuropathy, it is not considered as such under MeSH.
It is possible for a disorder of more than one cranial nerve to occur at the same time, if a trauma occurs at a location where many cranial nerves run together, such as the jugular fossa. A brainstem lesion could also cause impaired functioning of multiple cranial nerves, but this condition would likely also be accompanied by distal motor impairment.
A neurological examination can test the functioning of individual cranial nerves, and detect specific impairments.
Facial Nerve Palsy
The facial nerve is the seventh of 12 cranial nerves. This cranial nerve controls the muscles in the face. Facial nerve palsy is more abundant in older adults than in children and is said to affect 15-40 out of 100,000 people per year. This disease comes in many forms which include congenital, infectious, traumatic, neoplastic, or idiopathic. The most common cause of this cranial nerve damage is Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial palsy) which is a paralysis of the facial nerve. Although Bell's palsy is more prominent in adults it seems to be found in those younger than 20 or older than 60 years of age. Bell's Palsy is thought to occur by an infection of the herpes virus which may cause demyelination and has been found in patients with facial nerve palsy. Symptoms include flattening of the forehead, sagging of the eyebrow, and difficulty closing the eye and the mouth on the side of the face that is affected. The inability to close the mouth causes problems in feeding and speech. It also causes lack of taste, acrimation, and sialorrhea.[1]
The use of steroids can help in the treatment of Bell's Palsy. If in the early stages, steroids can increase the likelihood of a full recovery. This treatment is used mainly in adults. The use of steroids in children has not been proven to work due to the fact that they seem to recover completely with or without them. Children also tend to have better recovery rates than older adults. Recovery rate also depends on the cause of the facial nerve palsy (e.g. infections, perinatal injury, congenital dysplastic). If the palsy is more severe patients should seek steroids or surgical procedures. Facial nerve palsy may be the indication of a severe condition and when diagnosed a full clinical history and examination are recommended.[1]
Although rare, facial nerve palsy has also been found in patients with HIV seroconversion. Symptoms found include headaches (bitemporal or occipital), the inability to close the eyes or mouth, and may cause the reduction of taste.[2][3] Few cases of bilateral facial nerve palsy have been reported and is said to only effect 1 in every 5 million per year.[3]
Examples
- Eyes
- Oculomotor nerve palsy - Oculomotor nerve (III)
- Fourth nerve palsy - Trochlear nerve (IV)
- Sixth nerve palsy - Abducens nerve (VI)
- Other
- Trigeminal neuralgia - Trigeminal nerve (V)
- Facial nerve paralysis, Bell's palsy, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, Central seven - Facial nerve (VII) (More on facial nerve palsy below)
- Accessory nerve disorder - Accessory nerve (XI)
References
- ^ a b Pavlou, E., Gkampeta, A., & Arampatzi, M. (2011). Facial nerve palsy in childhood. Brain and Development, 33(8), 644-650.
- ^ Dolan, R., Maritz, D., Wallis, L., & Parak, M. (2011). Bilateral lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy due to HIV seroconversion. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, 12(1), 39-40.
- ^ a b Ruiz, L. M., & Kirmani, B. (2012). Presentation of Bilateral Peripheral Seventh Cranial Nerve Palsy in an HIV Patient.
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Nervous system pathology, PNS, somatic (G50–G64, 350–357)
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Nerve, nerve root, plexus
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Cranial nerve
disease |
- V Trigeminal neuralgia
- Anesthesia dolorosa
- VII Facial nerve paralysis
- Bell's palsy
- Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome
- Parry–Romberg syndrome
- Central seven
- XI Accessory nerve disorder
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Radiculopathy,
plexopathy |
- brachial plexus Brachial plexus lesion
- Thoracic outlet syndrome
- Phantom limb
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Mono-
neuropathy |
| Upper limb |
| median nerve: |
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Ape hand deformity
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| ulnar nerve: |
- Ulnar nerve entrapment
- Froment's sign
- Guyon's canal syndrome
- Ulnar claw
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| radial nerve: |
- Radial neuropathy
- Wrist drop
- Cheiralgia paresthetica
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| long thoracic nerve: |
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| Lower limb |
| lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh: |
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| tibial nerve: |
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| plantar nerve: |
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| superior gluteal nerve: |
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| sciatic nerve: |
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| General |
- Causalgia
- Mononeuritis multiplex
- Neuropathy Neuralgia/Neuritis
- Nerve compression syndrome
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Polyneuropathies/Polyradiculoneuropathy
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| HMSN |
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
- Dejerine–Sottas disease
- Refsum's disease
- Hereditary spastic paraplegia
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| Autoimmune/demyelinating |
- Guillain–Barré syndrome
- Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
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| Other |
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anat (h/r/t/c/b/l/s/a)/phys (r)/devp/prot/nttr/nttm/ntrp
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noco/auto/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Axonal and Transynaptic Spread of Prions.
- Shearin H1, Bessen RA2.
- Journal of virology.J Virol.2014 Aug 1;88(15):8640-8655. Epub 2014 May 21.
- Natural transmission of prion diseases depends upon the spread of prions from the nervous system to excretory or secretory tissues, but the mechanism of prion transport in axons and into peripheral tissue is unresolved. Here, we examined the temporal and spatial movement of prions from the brain ste
- PMID 24850738
- [Multiple Cranial Neuropathies in a Patient with IgG4-related Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis: A Case Report].
- Tsugawa J1, Ouma S, Fukae J, Tsuboi Y, Sakata N, Inoue T.
- Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyū no shinpo.Brain Nerve.2014 Jul;66(7):873-8.
- Abstract We describe the case of a 75-year-old woman who presented with acute loss of vision. She experienced subacute headache, hearing loss on the left side, hoarseness, and dysphagia during the previous 10 months. On admission, she had bilateral loss of vision, without any ophthalmological abnorm
- PMID 24998832
- Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis: clinical, laboratory and neuroradiologic features in China.
- Zhao M1, Geng T1, Qiao L1, Shi J1, Xie J1, Huang F1, Lin X1, Wang J1, Zuo H2.
- Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia.J Clin Neurosci.2014 Jul;21(7):1127-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.09.025. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
- Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by marked fibrous thickening of the cerebral and/or spinal dura mater. Clinical, laboratory, neuroradiologic and therapeutic data from 12 patients with idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP) from our department
- PMID 24589555
Japanese Journal
- 原因が特定できない混合性喉頭麻痺症例の臨床的検討：19年間にわたる16症例の検討
- 症例報告 副咽頭間隙腫瘍摘出後に重度嚥下障害をきたした1例
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- Twelve pairs of cranial nerves emerge from the underside of the brain, pass through openings in the skull, and lead to parts of the head, neck, and trunk. The nerves are named and numbered, based on their location, from the front of ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- cranial neuropathy、cranial nerve disorder、cranial nerve disease
- 関
- 脳神経麻痺、脳ニューロパシー、脳ニューロパチー、脳神経疾患、多発性脳神経障害
[★]
脳神経障害、脳ニューロパチー、脳ニューロパシー
- 関
- cranial nerve disease、cranial nerve disorder、cranial nerve palsy、multiple cranial neuropathy
[★]
- 関
- cranial nerve disease、cranial nerve disorder、cranial nerve paralysis、cranial neuropathy、multiple cranial neuropathy
[★]
脳神経疾患、脳神経障害
- 関
- cranial nerve disorder、cranial nerve palsy、cranial neuropathy、multiple cranial neuropathy
[★]
多発性脳神経障害
- 関
- cranial nerve disease、cranial nerve disorder、cranial nerve palsy、cranial neuropathy
[★]
- 障害：個人的苦痛や機能の障害があるので「疾病」とは言えるものの、その背景にある臓器障害がもう一つはっきりしない場合に用いられる。(PSY.9)
- an untidy state; a lack of order or organization (⇔order)
- violent behaviour of large groups of people
- an illness that cause a part of the body to stop functioning correctly
- disease <> illness <> disorder
- 乱す、乱雑にする。(人)の(心身の)調子を狂わせる。
[★]
- 関
- cephalad、crania、cranium、rostral、skull
[★]
- 関
- nervi、nervous、nervus、neural、neuro、neuron