WordNet

a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt) (同)Na, atomic number 11
a cephalosporin that can be given parenterally (trade name Zinacef) or orally by tablets (trade name Ceftin); indicated for infections of the lungs or throat or ears or urinary tract or meninges (同)Ceftin, Zinacef

PrepTutorEJDIC

ソジウム,ナトリウム(金属元素;化学記号はNa)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/15 22:18:20」(JST)

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Cefuroxime is a parenteral second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. This antibiotic was discovered by the Glaxo company, now GlaxoSmithKline, and it was first marketed in 1978 as Zinacef. Zinacef was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Oct 19, 1983.^[1] The generic form of cefuroxime is also called "Ceftin". The 17-year patent for this antibiotic has now expired in the United States, hence the patent "rights" to produce this medication are now irrelevant.

In the United States this antibiotic is also sold as "Zinacef" by Covis Pharmaceuticals.^[2] In India, this antibiotic is sold as Supacef by GSK.^[3]

Cefuroxime axetil is an acetoxyetyl-ester-prodrug of cefuroxime which is effective orally.^[4] In Bangladesh, this drug is available as Turbocef by Beximco Pharmaceuticals Limited.

Indications[edit]

As with the other cephalosporins, although as a second-generation variety, it is less susceptible to beta-lactamase. Hence it may have greater activity against Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Lyme disease. Unlike most other second-generation cephalosporins, cefuroxime can cross the blood-brain-barrier.

Side effects[edit]

Cefuroxime is generally well-tolerated and its side effects are usually transient. If ingested after food, this antibiotic is both better absorbed and less likely to cause its most common side effects of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headaches/migraines, dizziness, and abdominal pain compared to most antibiotics in its class.^{[citation needed]}

Although there is a widely-stated crossallergic risk of about 10 percent between cephalosporins and penicillin, recent assessments have shown no increased risk for a crossallergic reaction for cefuroxime and several other second-generation or later cephalosporins.^[5]

References[edit]

^ "Cefuroxime medical facts from". Drugs.com.
^ http://www.covispharma.ch/assets/pdf/covis-pharma-acquires-portfolio-of-drugs-from-glaxosmithkline.pdf
^ "GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals.Prescription Medicines – Anti-Infective". Gsk-india.com. 26 March 2013.
^ Walter Sneader. "Drug Discovery: History".
^ Pichichero ME (2006). "Cephalosporins can be prescribed safely for penicillin-allergic patients" (PDF). The Journal of family practice 55 (2): 106–12. PMID 16451776.

UpToDate Contents

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1. セフェム系 cephalosporins
2. ライム病の治療 treatment of lyme disease
3. 急性膀胱炎：2歳以上の小児および思春期におけるマネージメントおよび予後 acute cystitis management and prognosis in children older than two years and adolescents
4. 小児における急性中耳炎：治療 acute otitis media in children treatment
5. 侵襲性肺炎球菌（Streptococcus pneumoniae）感染症および菌血症 invasive pneumococcal streptococcus pneumoniae infections and bacteremia

English Journal

Community-acquired urinary tract infections in children: pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility and seasonal changes.

Yolbas I, Tekin R, Kelekci S, Tekin A, Okur MH, Ece A, Gunes A, Sen V.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. ilyasyolbas@hotmail.com
European review for medical and pharmacological sciences.Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci.2013 Apr;17(7):971-6.
AIM: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common infections affecting children. The aim of our study is to determine microorganisms that cause community-acquired urinary tract infections and their antibiotic susceptibility in children.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our investigation includes 150 cases which
PMID 23640446

In vitro susceptibility of European human Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strains to antimicrobial agents.

Veinović G, Cerar T, Strle F, Lotrič-Furlan S, Maraspin V, Cimperman J, Ružić-Sabljić E.SourceDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
International journal of antimicrobial agents.Int J Antimicrob Agents.2013 Mar;41(3):288-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.11.016. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
Broth microdilution and macrodilution assays were used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of six antimicrobial agents (ceftriaxone, cefuroxime sodium, azithromycin, amoxicillin, doxycycline and amikacin) for nine European human isolat
PMID 23312603

Japanese Journal

Cefuroxime sodiumの一般薬理作用 (Cefuroxime(CXM)<特集>)

年光芳信 [他]
日本化学療法学会雑誌 27(Suppl 6), p111-123, 1979-07
NAID 40000005538

「セフロキシム」

Cefuroxime
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(6R,7R)-3-{[(aminocarbonyl)oxy]methyl}-7-{[(2Z)-2-(2-furyl)-2-(methoxyimino) acetyl]amino}-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
Trade names	Zinacef,TURBOCEF
MedlinePlus	a601206
Pregnancy cat.	Not known to be harmful (BNF)
Legal status	Prescription Only Medicine
Routes	intramuscular, intravenous
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	37 percent on empty stomach, up to 52 percent if taken after food
Half-life	80 minutes
Excretion	Urine 66–100 percent unchanged
Identifiers
CAS number	55268-75-2
ATC code	J01DC02 S01AA27 QJ51DC02
PubChem	CID 5361202
DrugBank	DB01112
ChemSpider	4514699
UNII	O1R9FJ93ED
KEGG	D00262
ChEMBL	CHEMBL466
Chemical data
Formula	C16H16N4O8S
Mol. mass	424.386 g/mol
	SMILES O=C2N1/C(=C(\CS[C@@H]1[C@@H]2NC(=O)C(=N\OC)\c3occc3)COC(=O)N)C(=O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H16N4O8S/c1-26-19-9(8-3-2-4-27-8)12(21)18-10-13(22)20-11(15(23)24)7(5-28-16(17)25)6-29-14(10)20/h2-4,10,14H,5-6H2,1H3,(H2,17,25)(H,18,21)(H,23,24)/b19-9+/t10-,14-/m1/s1 ; Key:JFPVXVDWJQMJEE-SWWZKJRFSA-N ;
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