WordNet

any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
(biology) any agency bringing about activation; a molecule that increases the activity of an enzyme or a protein that increases the production of a gene product in DNA transcription

PrepTutorEJDIC

Civil Air Patrol民間航空巡視員
蛋白(たんばく)質

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/24 09:13:30」(JST)

wiki en

Catabolite Activator Protein (CAP; also known as cAMP receptor protein, CRP) is a transcriptional activator that exists as a homodimer in solution, with each subunit comprising a ligand-binding domain at the N-terminus (CAP^N, residues 1-138), which is also responsible for the dimerization of the protein, and a DNA-binding domain at the C-terminus (DBD, residues 139-209).^[1]^[2] Two cAMP (cyclic AMP) molecules bind dimeric CAP with negative cooperativity and function as allosteric effectors by increasing the protein's affinity for DNA. Cytosolic cAMP levels rise when the amount of glucose transported into the cell is low.

CAP has a characteristic helix-turn-helix structure that allows it to bind to successive major grooves on DNA. The two helices are reinforcing each, causing a 43° turn in the structure, so overall causing a 94° degree turn in the DNA.^[3]

This opens the DNA molecule up, allowing RNA polymerase to bind and transcribe the genes involved in lactose catabolism.^[1]^[2] cAMP-CAP is required for transcription of the 'lac operon.

This requirement reflects the greater simplicity with which glucose may be metabolized in comparison to lactose. The cell "prefers" glucose, and, if it is available, the lac operon is not activated, even when lactose is present. This is an effective way of integrating the two different signals.

CAP is responsible for catabolite repression, a well-known example of a modulon.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b Busby S., Ebright RH. (2001). "Transcription activation by catabolite activator protein (CAP)". J. Mol. Biol. 293: 199–213. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1999.3161. PMID 10550204.
^ ^a ^b Lawson C.L., Swigon D., Murakami K.S., Darst S.A., Berman H.M., Ebright RH. (2004). "Catabolite activator protein: DNA binding and transcription activation". Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 14: 10–20. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2004.01.012. PMID 15102444.
^ Schultz, S. C.; Shields, G. C.; Steitz, T. A. (Aug 1991). "Crystal structure of a CAP-DNA complex: the DNA is bent by 90 degrees". Science 253 (5023): 1001–1007. Bibcode:1991Sci...253.1001S. doi:10.1126/science.1653449. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 1653449. edit

External links[edit]

Catabolite Activator Protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This cell biology article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 止血の概要 overview of hemostasis
2. 2型糖尿病の病因 pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus
3. プロテインS欠乏症：臨床症状および診断 protein s deficiency clinical manifestations and diagnosis
4. 幼児の食物蛋白誘発性直腸炎/大腸炎および腸疾患 food protein induced proctitis colitis and enteropathy of infancy
5. プロテインC欠乏症：臨床症状および診断 protein c deficiency clinical manifestations and diagnosis

English Journal

MC1R expression in HaCaT keratinocytes inhibits UVA-induced ROS production via NADPH oxidase- and cAMP-dependent mechanisms.

Henri P, Beaumel S, Guezennec A, Poumès C, Stoebner PE, Stasia MJ, Guesnet J, Martinez J, Meunier L.SourceInstitute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), University Montpellier I and II, UMR CNRS 5247, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2012 Jun;227(6):2578-85. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22996.
Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiations are responsible for deleterious effects, mainly due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) binds to melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) in melanocytes to stimulate pigmentation and modulate cutaneous inflammatory responses
PMID 21898403

Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and adenosine receptors modulate prostaglandin E(2) and cytokine release in human osteoarthritic synovial fibroblasts.

Ongaro A, Varani K, Masieri FF, Pellati A, Massari L, Cadossi R, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Fini M, Caruso A, De Mattei M.SourceDepartment of Morphology and Embryology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. ngrlss@unife.it
Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2012 Jun;227(6):2461-9. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22981.
Synovial fibroblasts (SFs) contribute to the development of osteoarthritis (OA) by the secretion of a wide range of pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and lipid mediators of inflammation. Previous studies suggest that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) may represent a potential therapeutic a
PMID 21830213

Japanese Journal

カタボライト活性化タンパク質と環状ＡＭＰ複合体の構造解析

薄木亮,仙石康雄,松岡誠,田中成典,栗田典之
Journal of Computer Aided Chemistry 5, 19-25, 2004
… カタボライト活性化タンパク質 (Catabolite Activator Protein:CAP)は、環状AMP(cAMP)と結合しCAP-cAMP複合体となりDNAの特定部位に結合し、RNAポリメラーゼのDNAへの結合を促進する。 …
NAID 130004428054

Multiple control of flagellum biosynthesis in Escherichia coli : role of H-NS protein and the cyclic AMP-catabolite activator protein complex in transcription of the flhDC master operon

SOUTOURINA O.
J. Bacteriol. 181, 7500-7508, 1999
NAID 80011504092

Decrease in Expression of the Master Operon of Flagellin Synthesis in a dnaA46 Mutant of Escherichia coli

Mizushima Tohru,Koyanagi Rimiko,Katayama Tsutomu [他],MIKI Takeyoshi,SEKIMIZU Kazuhisa
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 20(4), 327-331, 1997-04-15
… The decrease in expression of the flhD gene was not related to the cAMP-catabolite activator protein (CAP) pathway. … We tentatively conclude that DnaA protein is involved in the expression of the flhD gene by a mechanism independent of the cAMP-CAP pathway. …
NAID 110003639050

Related Pictures

catabolite gene activator protein - Liberal Dictionary Dual Positive and Negative control RCSB PDB - 2CGP: CATABOLITE GENE ACTIVATOR PROTEIN/DNA COMPLEX, ADENOSINE-3',5'-CYCLIC Structural basis for cAMP-mediated allosteric control of the catabolite activator protein RCSB PDB - 1CGP: CATABOLITE GENE ACTIVATOR PROTEIN (CAP)/DNA COMPLEX + ADENOSINE-3',5 Gene Activator Protein Photograph by Laguna Design/science Photo Library RCSB PDB - 1J59: CATABOLITE GENE ACTIVATOR PROTEIN (CAP)/DNA COMPLEX + ADENOSINE-3',5 RCSB PDB - 4FT8: E. coli Catabolite Activator Protein with Cobalt and Sulfate Ligands

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「サイクリックAMP受容蛋白質」「CAP」「カタボライト・アクチベータ・プロテイン」
関連記事	「activator」「catabolite」「activator protein」