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the operation of introducing a catheter into the body (同)catheterisation
of or relating to the heart; "cardiac arrest"
the opening into the stomach and that part of the stomach connected to the esophagus

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/04/04 12:32:22」(JST)

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Cardiac catheterization lab

Cardiac catheterization (heart cath) is the insertion of a catheter into a chamber or vessel of the heart. This is done both for diagnostic and interventional purposes. Subsets of this technique are mainly coronary catheterization, involving the catheterization of the coronary arteries, and catheterization of cardiac chambers and valves of the Cardiac System.

Coronary catheterization

Procedure

"Cardiac catheterization" is a general term for a group of procedures that are performed using this method, such as coronary angiography and left ventricle angiography. Once the catheter is in place, it can be used to perform a number of procedures including angioplasty, PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention) angiography, balloon septostomy, Electrophysiology study or catheter ablation.

Indications for diagnostic use

This technique has several goals:

confirm the presence of a suspected heart ailment
quantify the severity of the disease and its effect on the heart
seek out the cause of a symptom such as shortness of breath or signs of cardiac insufficiency
make a patient assessment prior to heart surgery

Investigative techniques used with coronary catheterization

to measure intracardiac and intravascular blood pressures
to take tissue samples for biopsy
to inject various agents for measuring blood flow in the heart; also to detect and quantify the presence of an intracardiac shunt
to inject contrast agents in order to study the shape of the heart vessels and chambers and how they change as the heart beats

Catheterization of chambers and valves

Catheterization of cardiac chambers and valves may be performed at the same time as a coronary catheterization, and may also involve nearby major vessels, such as the aorta. It is the main method of cardiac ventriculography (another being radionuclide ventriculography, whose use has largely been replaced by echocardiography).

It has the ability to measure the pressure gradient across a valve and derive valve area from it. Thereby, it can assist in diagnosis of, for example, aortic stenosis.^[1]

This is also the procedure used in balloon septostomy, which is the widening of a foramen ovale, patent foramen ovale (PFO), or atrial septal defect (ASD) using a balloon catheter.

History

The history of cardiac catheterization dates back to Claude Bernard (1813-1878), who used it on animal models. Clinical application of cardiac catheterization begins with Werner Forssmann in the 1930s, who inserted a catheter into the vein of his own forearm, guided it fluoroscopically into his right atrium, and took an X-ray picture of it. Forssmann won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this achievement, though hospital administrators removed him from his position owing to his unorthodox methods. During World War II, André Frédéric Cournand, a professor at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons who also shared the Nobel Prize, and his colleagues developed techniques for left and right heart catheterization.

References

^ Elizabeth D Agabegi; Agabegi, Steven S. (2008). Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series). Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-7153-6.

External links

MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Cardiac catheterization
eMedicine: Cardiac Catheterization (Left Heart)
The Parachute Implant: a cardiac catheterization device for treating heart disease

UpToDate Contents

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1. 心臓カテーテル検査法：正常な血行動態 cardiac catheterization techniques normal hemodynamics
2. 診断的心臓カテーテル検査の合併症 complications of diagnostic cardiac catheterization
3. 脳卒中後の心臓カテーテル stroke after cardiac catheterization
4. 心臓カテーテル検査で測定した弁膜疾患の血行動態 hemodynamics of valvular disorders as measured by cardiac catheterization
5. 成人における確定診断を得られていない低血圧やショックの評価および初期アプローチ evaluation of and initial approach to the adult patient with undifferentiated hypotension and shock

English Journal

Fontan circulation causes early, severe liver damage. Should we offer patients a tailored strategy?

Agnoletti G1, Ferraro G2, Bordese R2, Marini D2, Gala S2, Bergamasco L3, Ferroni F2, Calvo PL4, Barletti C4, Cisarò F4, Longo F5, Pace Napoleone C6.
International journal of cardiology.Int J Cardiol.2016 Apr 15;209:60-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.02.041. Epub 2016 Feb 3.
BACKGROUND: In patients with Fontan circulation, the liver is profoundly affected by chronic venous stasis. Little is known about early hepatic changes in this population.METHODS: We performed echocardiography, abdominal ultrasound, liver elastography, cardiac catheterization, esophago-gastro-duoden
PMID 26882184

Accuracy and Internal Consistency of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Measuring Branch Pulmonary Artery Flows in Patients With Conotruncal Anomalies and Branch Pulmonary Artery Stents.

Harris MA1, Avitabile CM2, Fu GL3, Kim DW4, Kim TS2, Gillespie MJ5, Keller MS6, Fogel MA7, Whitehead KK7.
The American journal of cardiology.Am J Cardiol.2016 Apr 1;117(7):1160-6. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.01.005. Epub 2016 Jan 14.
Clinicians use branch pulmonary artery (BPA) blood flow distribution to help determine the need for intervention. Although phase-contrast magnetic resonance (PCMR) flow measurements are accurate, this has never been shown in the vicinity of a BPA ferromagnetic stent (FS) which produces significant s
PMID 26993977

Influence of Total Coronary Occlusion on Clinical Outcomes (from the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 DiabetesTrial).

Damluji AA1, Pomenti SF1, Ramireddy A1, Al-Damluji MS2, Alfonso CE1, Schob AH1, Marso SP3, Gilchrist IC4, Moscucci M5, Kandzari DE6, Cohen MG7.
The American journal of cardiology.Am J Cardiol.2016 Apr 1;117(7):1031-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.12.047. Epub 2016 Jan 14.
Our aim was to evaluate the influence of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) on long-term clinical outcomes of patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. We evaluated patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus enrolled in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investig
PMID 26853953

Japanese Journal

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Pulmonary Artery Distensibility Index Correlates With Pulmonary Artery Stiffness and Predicts Functional Capacity in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

KANG Ki-Woon,CHANG Hyuk-Jae,KIM Young-Jin,CHOI Byoung-Wook,LEE Hye Sun,YANG Woo-In,SHIM Chi-Young,HA Jongwon,CHUNG Namsik
Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 75(9), 2244-2251, 2011-08-25
… The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI)-derived PA distensibility index correlates with PA stiffness estimated on right heart catheterization (RHC) and predicts functional capacity (FC) in patients with PAH. … PA distensibility indices were derived from cross-sectional area change (%) in the transverse view, perpendicular to the axis of the main PA, on CMRI [(maximum area-minimum area)/minimum area during cardiac cycle]. …
NAID 10029339942

Volume Overload and Pressure Overload due to Left-to-Right Shunt-Induced Myocardial Injury : Evaluation Using a Highly Sensitive Cardiac Troponin-I Assay in Children With Congenital Heart Disease

SUGIMOTO Masaya,OTA Kei,KAJIHAMA Aya,NAKAU Kouichi,MANABE Hiromi,KAJINO Hiroki
Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 75(9), 2213-2219, 2011-08-25
… Background: Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is currently considered to be the most sensitive and specific biochemical marker of acute coronary syndrome and acute myocardial infarction. … Cardiac catheterization was performed in the children with ASD and VSD to determine the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow, the ratio of pulmonary to systemic arterial pressure (Pp/Ps), the pulmonary vascular resistance index, and the right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume. …
NAID 10029339810

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リンク元	「心臓カテーテル法」「心臓カテーテル検査」
関連記事	「catheterization」「cardiac」

「心臓カテーテル法」

　　[★]

英: cardiac catheterization, heart catheterization
同: 心カテ、心カテーテル、心臓カテーテル、
関: 心臓カテーテル検査

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心臓カテーテル : 約 293,000 件
心カテーテル : 約 30,500 件
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心カテーテル検査 : 約 105,000 件
心臓カテーテル法 : 約 172,000 件
心カテーテル法 : 約 63,500 件

「心臓カテーテル検査」

　　[★]

英: cardiac catheterization
同: 心カテーテル検査
関: 心臓カテーテル法