気管支閉塞

WordNet

the physical condition of blocking or filling a passage with an obstruction (同)blockage
any structure that makes progress difficult (同)obstructor, obstructer, impediment, impedimenta
getting in someones way
the act of obstructing; "obstruction of justice"
relating to or associated with the bronchi; "bronchial tubes"; "bronchial pneumonia"

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〈U〉(…への)妨害,障害《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…への)妨害物,障害物《+『to』+『名』》
気管支の
bronchusの複数形

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/10 03:47:04」(JST)

wiki en

Airway obstruction is a blockage of respiration in the airway. It can be broadly classified into being either in the upper airway or lower airway.

Upper airway obstruction

Causes of upper airway obstruction, foreign body aspiration, blunt laryngotracheal trauma, penetrating laryngotracheal trauma, tonsillar hypertrophy, paralysis of the vocal cord or vocal fold, acute laryngotracheitis such as viral croup, bacterial tracheitis, epiglottitis, peritonsillar abscess, pertussis, retropharyngeal abscess, spasmodic croup.^[1] In basic and advanced life support airway obstructions are often referred to as A-problems. Management of airways relies on both minimal-invasive and invasive techniques.

Lower airway obstruction

Lower airway obstruction is mainly caused by increased resistance in the bronchioles (usually from a decreased radius of the bronchioles) that reduces the amount of air inhaled in each breath and the oxygen that reaches the pulmonary arteries. It is different from airway restriction (which prevents air from diffusing into the pulmonary arteries because of some kind of blockage in the lungs). Diseases that cause lower airway obstruction are termed obstructive lung diseases.

Lower airway obstruction can be measured using spirometry. A decreased FEV1/FVC ratio (versus the normal of about 80%) is indicative of an airway obstruction, as the normal amount of air can no longer be exhaled in the first second of expiration. An airway restriction would not produce a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio, would produce a reduced vital capacity. The ventilation is therefore affected leading to a ventilation perfusion mismatch and hypoxia.

Consequences

Airway obstruction may cause obstructive pneumonitis or post-obstructive pneumonitis.

References

^ Respiratory Emergencies, section Acute Upper Airway Obstruction. From FP Essentials 368. January 2010 by American Academy of Family Physicians.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 気道ステント airway stents
2. 大葉性無気肺の放射線学的パターン radiologic patterns of lobar atelectasis
3. 無気肺：成人における種類および病因 atelectasis types and pathogenesis in adults
4. 成人における気道内異物 airway foreign bodies in adults
5. 気管支カルチノイド腫瘍：疫学、危険因子、分類、組織学的検査、診断、および病期分類 bronchial carcinoid tumors epidemiology risk factors classification histology diagnosis and staging

English Journal

Association between the Asthma Predictive Index and levels of exhaled nitric oxide in infants ans toddlers with recurrent wheezing.

Balinotti JE, Colom A, Kofman C, Teper A.SourceCentro Respiratorio Dr. Alberto R.Álvarez, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez.
Archivos argentinos de pediatria.Arch Argent Pediatr.2013 Jun;111(3):191-195.
It is difficult to make an early identification of which children with recurrent wheezing will develop asthma in the following years. The Asthma Predictive Index (API) is a questionnaire based on clinical and laboratory parameters used for this end. The measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide
PMID 23732343

In vitro and ex vivo models of human asthma.

Blume C, Davies DE.SourceBrooke Laboratory, Clinical and Experimental Sciences and the Southampton NIHR, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. Electronic address: C.Blume@soton.ac.uk.
European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V.Eur J Pharm Biopharm.2013 Jun;84(2):394-400. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.12.014. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the conducting airways which undergo distinct structural and functional changes leading to non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and airflow obstruction that fluctuate over time. It is a complex disease involving multiple genetic and environmental inf
PMID 23313714

Aclidinium inhibits cigarette smoke-induced lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition.

Milara J, Serrano A, Peiró T, Artigues E, Gavaldà A, Miralpeix M, Morcillo EJ, Cortijo J.SourceUniversity General Hospital Consortium, Valencia.
The European respiratory journal.Eur Respir J.2013 Jun;41(6):1264-74. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00017712. Epub 2012 Sep 27.
Cigarette smoking contributes to lung remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As part of this remodelling, peribronchiolar fibrosis is observed in the small airways of COPD patients and contributes to airway obstruction. Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition is a key step in pe
PMID 23018909

Japanese Journal

気管支喘息の心身相関 : 基礎研究からの知見(「呼吸器心身症」の再興をめざして-最新の知見-,2014年,第55回日本心身医学会総会ならびに学術講演会(千葉))

心身医学 55(8), 936-941, 2015-08-01
NAID 110009975445

気管気管支の内視鏡的治療―3Dプリンターによる気管支模型を用いたステント挿入シミュレーション―

日本気管食道科学会会報 66(5), 341-350, 2015
NAID 130005104831

Bronchial Deformation Associated with Lobectomy

Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 21(4), 301-304, 2015
NAID 130005094056

「obstruction」

Airway obstruction
Classification and external resources
MeSH	D000402

　　[★]

n.

妨害、障害、支障、差し障り。妨害物、
閉塞、閉塞症。

関: blockage、deterrent、obliteration、occlude、occlusion、stasis

「bronchial」

　　[★]

adj.

気管支の

関: bronchi、bronchial tube、bronchus

[1] Respiratory Emergencies, section Acute Upper Airway Obstruction. From FP Essentials 368. January 2010 by American Academy of Family Physicians.

匿名

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案内

案内

bronchial obstruction