同: BPI

WordNet

the property of something that can be pervaded by a liquid (as by osmosis or diffusion) (同)permeableness
any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
preventing infection by inhibiting the growth or action of microorganisms (同)disinfectant, germicidal
music
becoming greater or larger; "increasing prices"

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浸透性
蛋白(たんばく)質
増大(増加)していく,しだいに増える

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/10/04 22:08:47」(JST)

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Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) is a 456-residue (~50kDa) protein that is part of the innate immune system.^[1]

Distribution and function[edit]

BPI was initially identified in neutrophils, but is found in other tissues including the epithelial lining of mucus membranes.^[2] It is an endogenous antibiotic protein with potent killing activity against Gram-negative bacteria. It binds to compounds called lipopolysaccharides produced by Gram-negative bacteria. Lipolysaccharides are potent activators of the immune system, however BPI at certain concentrations can prevent this activation.

BPI was discovered by Jerrold Weiss and Peter Elsbach at New York University Medical School.

rBPI₂₁[edit]

Because lipopolysaccharides are potent inflammatory agents, and the action of antibiotics can result in the release of these compounds, the binding capacity of BPI was explored as a possible means of reducing injury. Xoma Ltd. developed a recombinant 25kDa portion of the BPI molecule called rBPI₂₁, NEUPREX, or opebecan. In a trial, it was found to decrease the mortality of Gram-negative bacterial-induced sepsis.^[3] Studies suggest that its binding activity is not the means by which it mediates its protective effect.^[4] Studies show biological effects with Gram-positive bacteria^[5] and even in infection by the protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii.^[6]

References[edit]

^ Elsbach, Peter (July 1, 1998). "The bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) in antibacterial host defense" (pdf). Journal of Leukocyte biology (USA: Wiley-Liss) 64 (1): 14–18. ISSN 0741-5400. PMID 9665269. Retrieved 2008-04-08.
^ Geraldine Canny; Ofer Levy, Glenn T. Furuta, Sailaja Narravula-Alipati, Richard B. Sisson, Charles N. Serhan, and Sean P. Colgan (2002-03-19). "Lipid mediator-induced expression of bactericidal/ permeability-increasing protein (BPI) in human mucosal epithelia". PNAS (USA: National Academy of Sciences) 99 (6): 3902–3907. doi:10.1073/pnas.052533799. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 122621. PMID 11891303. Retrieved 2008-04-08.
^ Michael Levin; Peter A Quint, Brahm Goldstein, Phil Barton, John S Bradley, SD Shemie, Timothy Yeh, Sun Sook Kim, Daniel P Cafaro, Patrick J Scannon and Brett P Giroir (September 16, 2000). "Recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI₂₁) as adjunctive treatment for children with severe meningococcal sepsis: a randomised trial". Lancet (England: Lancet Publishing Group) 356 (9234): 961–967. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02712-4. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 11041396. Retrieved 2008-04-09. Lay summary – Business Wire (2000-09-14).
^ G Schlag; H Redl, J Davies, and P Scannon (February 1999). "Protective effect of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21) in baboon sepsis is related to its antibacterial, not antiendotoxin, properties". Annals of Surgery (US: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) 229 (2): 262–271. doi:10.1097/00000658-199902000-00015. ISSN 0003-4932. PMC 1191640. PMID 10024109.
^ Amit Srivastava; Heather Casey, Nathaniel Johnson, Ofer Levy, and Richard Malley (January 2007). "Recombinant Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein rBPI21 Protects against Pneumococcal Disease". Infection and Immunity (US: American Society for Microbiology) 75 (1): 342–349. doi:10.1128/IAI.01089-06. ISSN 0019-9567. PMC 1828387. PMID 17101667.
^ Anis A. Khan; Lewis H. Lambert Jr., Jack S. Remington, and Fausto G. Araujo (April 1, 1999). "Recombinant Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (rBPI21) in Combination with Sulfadiazine Is Active against Toxoplasma gondii". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (US: American Society for Microbiology) 43 (4): 758–762. ISSN 0066-4804. PMC 89203. PMID 10103177. Retrieved 2008-04-09.

External links[edit]

bactericidal permeability increasing protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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English Journal

Validation of a recombinant human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (hBPI) expression vector using murine mammary gland tumor cells and the early development of hBPI transgenic goat embryos.

Gui T, Liu X, Tao J, Chen J, Li Y, Zhang M, Wu R, Zhang Y, Peng K, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y.SourceAnhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 of Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China.
Animal reproduction science.Anim Reprod Sci.2013 Dec;143(1-4):48-56. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.10.017. Epub 2013 Nov 7.
Human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (hBPI) is the only antibacterial peptide which acts against both gram-negative bacteria and neutralizes endotoxins in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils; therefore, hBPI is of great value in clinical applications. In the study, we constructed a hBP
PMID 24289868

Log reduction of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria by the neutrophil-derived recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein.

Weitz A, Spotnitz R, Collins J, Ovadia S, Iovine NM.SourceDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
International journal of antimicrobial agents.Int J Antimicrob Agents.2013 Dec;42(6):571-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.07.019. Epub 2013 Sep 21.
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections are a serious and ever-increasing threat for which limited therapeutic options exist. The bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) is a cationic, neutrophil-derived, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein that binds to Gram-neg
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Host-microbial interactions in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Hamilos DL.SourceDivision of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. Electronic address: dhamilos@partners.org.
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.J Allergy Clin Immunol.2013 Nov 28. pii: S0091-6749(13)01483-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.06.049. [Epub ahead of print]
There has been considerable investigation of host-microbial interactions in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in hopes of elucidating mechanisms of disease and better treatment. Most attention has been paid to bacterial infection and potential underlying defects in innate immunity. Bacteria
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Japanese Journal

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies against bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and their correlation with bronchial involvement