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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/11 22:12:12」(JST)

An anti-diarrhoeal drug (or anti-diarrheal drug in American English) is any medication which provides symptomatic relief for diarrhoea.

Electrolyte solutions, while not true antidiarrhoeals, are used to replace lost fluids and salts in acute cases.
Bulking agents like methylcellulose, guar gum or plant fibre (bran, sterculia, isabgol, etc.) are used for diarrhoea in functional bowel disease and to control ileostomy output.
Absorbents absorb toxic substances that cause infective diarrhoea, methylcellulose is an absorbent.
Anti-inflammatory compounds such as bismuth subsalicylate.
Anticholinergics reduce intestinal movement and are effective against both diarrhoea and accompanying cramping.
Opioids' classical use besides pain relief is as an anti-diarrhoeal drug. Opioids have agonist actions on the intestinal opioid receptors, which when activated cause constipation. Drugs such as morphine or codeine can be used to relieve diarrhoea this way. A notable opioid for the purpose of relief of diarrhoea is loperamide which is only an agonist of the μ opioid receptors in the large intestine and does not have opioid affects in the central nervous system as it doesn't cross the blood–brain barrier in significant amounts. This enables loperamide hydrochloride to be used to the same benefit as other opioid drugs but without the CNS side effects or potential for abuse.

Mutschler, Ernst; Schäfer-Korting, Monika (2001). Arzneimittelwirkungen (in German) (8 ed.). Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft. pp. 652–4. ISBN 3-8047-1763-2.

Evaluation of antioxidative, protective effect against H2O2 induced cytotoxicity, and cytotoxic activities of three different Quercus species.

Söhretoğlu D, Sabuncuoğlu S, Harput UŞ.SourceHacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. didems@hacettepe.edu.tr
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.Food Chem Toxicol.2012 Feb;50(2):141-6. Epub 2011 Oct 31.
Quercus species are used as antidiarrheic, for the treatment of hemorrhoid, oral and anal mucosa inflammation. These tree species have been of interest to researchers because of their usage in folk medicine, consumption as food, beverage and especially usage of oak woods for construction in wine bar
PMID 22067294

Relaxant effects of Artemisia ludoviciana on isolated rat smooth muscle tissues.

Estrada-Soto S, Sánchez-Recillas A, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Castillo-España P, Villalobos-Molina R, Ibarra-Barajas M.SourceFacultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, Mexico. enoch@uaem.mx
Journal of ethnopharmacology.J Ethnopharmacol.2012 Jan 31;139(2):513-8. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Artemisia ludoviciana spp. mexicana (Willd. Ex.) Spring D.D. Keck (Asteraceae), known as "estafiate" is employed for the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, parasites, abdominal pain, vomiting, stomach ache, and also as antispasmodic agent. The aim of the present study
PMID 22155473

Inhibition by 2-Methoxy-4-ethylphenol of Ca^<2+> Influx Through Acquired and Native N-Methyl-D-aspartate-Receptor Channels

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Journal of pharmacological sciences 112(3), 273-281, 2010-03-20
… Pharmacological properties were evaluated for the antidiarrheic wood creosote ingredient 2-methoxy-4-ethylphenol (2M4EP), which was shown to be protective against neurotoxicity of <I>N</I>-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), to modulate Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> …
NAID 10027744270

齋藤徹,滝口伸浩,早田浩明,浅野武秀,永田松夫,山本宏,渡辺一男
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 38(9), 1485-1489, 2005-09-01
Gardner症候群に伴う再発性巨大デスモイド腫瘍に対し, 病変の広がり, 術後quality of life(以下, QOL)の観点から手術を回避すべきと考えた症例に手術を行い, 良好な結果を得たので報告する.症例は51歳の女性で, 噴門側胃切除術, 結腸亜全摘術, 3度の腹部腫瘍摘出の既往がある.腹部腫瘤の再発増大で腸閉塞となり入院.手術リスク, 大量小腸切除による短腸症候群, 術後QOL低下 …
NAID 110001789826