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a chemical used to kill pests (as rodents or insects)

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殺虫剤

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/08/01 11:53:14」(JST)

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The Passaic Agricultural Chemical Works in Newark, New Jersey, 1876

Agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a generic term for the various chemical products used in agriculture. In most cases, agrichemical refers to the broad range of pesticides, including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and nematicides. It may also include synthetic fertilizers, hormones and other chemical growth agents, and concentrated stores of raw animal manure.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Ecology

Many agrichemicals are toxic, and agrichemicals in bulk storage may pose significant environmental and/or health risks, particularly in the event of accidental spills. In many countries, use of agrichemicals is highly regulated. Government-issued permits for purchase and use of approved agrichemicals may be required. Significant penalties can result from misuse, including improper storage resulting in spillage. On farms, proper storage facilities and labeling, emergency clean-up equipment and procedures, and safety equipment and procedures for handling, application and disposal are often subject to mandatory standards and regulations. Usually, the regulations are carried out through the registration process.

For instance, bovine somatotropin, though widely used in the U.S.A., is not approved in Canada and some other jurisdictions as there are concerns for the health of cows using it.

Companies

Syngenta was the worldwide leader in agrochemical sales in 2013 at ~$10.9 billion, followed by Bayer CropScience, BASF, Dow Agrosciences, Monsanto, and then DuPont with ~$3.6 billion.^[4]

References

^ "Agrochemicals Handbook from C.H.I.P.S.". C.H.I.P.S.
^ "William Andrew". Elsevier.
^ "Agrochemicals and Security". University of Florida.
^ Agropages.com Mar. 25, 2014 Top six agrochemical firms grew steady in 2013

External links

National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS): Agricultural Chemical Use Database

This agriculture article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. メソアメリカ腎症 mesoamerican nephropathy
2. パラコート中毒 paraquat poisoning

English Journal

Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays for cyprodinil residue analysis in QuEChERS-based fruit extracts.

Esteve-Turrillas FA1, Abad-Somovilla A2, Quiñones-Reyes G2, Agulló C2, Mercader JV3, Abad-Fuentes A4.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Nov 15;187:530-6. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.119. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
Cyprodinil is among the most common agrochemical residues found in highly perishable fruits, such as strawberries. In the present study, high-affinity monoclonal antibodies to this anilinopyrimidine fungicide were raised for the first time with the aim to produce valuable immunochemical analytical a
PMID 25977060

Evaluation of convenient pretreatment protocols for RNA virus metagenomics in serum and tissue samples.

Rosseel T1, Ozhelvaci O1, Freimanis G2, Van Borm S3.
Journal of virological methods.J Virol Methods.2015 Sep 15;222:72-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.05.010. Epub 2015 May 27.
Viral metagenomic approaches are increasingly being used for viral discovery. Various strategies are applied to enrich viral sequences, but there is often a lack of knowledge about their effective influence on the viral discovery sensitivity. We evaluate some convenient and widely used approaches fo
PMID 26025457

Response surface methodology for the enantioseparation of dinotefuran and its chiral metabolite in bee products and environmental samples by supercritical fluid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

Chen Z1, Dong F1, Li S1, Zheng Z2, Xu Y3, Xu J1, Liu X1, Zheng Y4.
Journal of chromatography. A.J Chromatogr A.2015 Sep 4;1410:181-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.067. Epub 2015 Jul 20.
Tracing the enantiomers of dinotefuran and its metabolite in bee products and relevant environmental matrices is vital because of the high toxicity of their racemates to bees. In this study, a statistical optimization strategy using three-dimensional response surface methodology for the enantiosepar
PMID 26243706