WordNet

a glandular disease or enlargement of glandular tissue (especially of the lymph glands)
chronic abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes (usually associated with disease)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/09/27 23:04:33」(JST)

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Lymphadenopathy is a term meaning "disease of the lymph nodes."^[1] It is, however, almost synonymously used with "swollen/enlarged lymph nodes". It could be due to infection, auto-immune disease, or malignancy.

Inflammation of a lymph node is called lymphadenitis.^[2] In practice, the distinction between lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis is rarely made. Inflammation of lymph channels is called lymphangitis.^[3]

Types

Micrograph of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, a type of lymphadenopathy. H&E stain.

Localized lymphadenopathy : due to localized spot of infection e.g., an infected spot on the scalp will cause lymph nodes in the neck on that same side to swell up
Generalized lymphadenopathy : due to generalized infection all over the body e.g., influenza
- Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) : persisting for a long time, possibly without an apparent cause
Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy : lymphadenopathy associated with skin disease.

Tangier disease (ABCA1 deficiency) may also cause lymphadenopathy.

Cause

Enlarged lymph nodes are a common symptom in a number of infectious and malignant diseases. It is a recognized symptom of many diseases, of which some are as follows:

Reactive: acute infection (e.g., bacterial, or viral), or chronic infections (tuberculous lymphadenitis, cat-scratch disease).
- The most distinctive symptom of bubonic plague is extreme swelling of one or more lymph nodes that bulge out of the skin as "buboes." The buboes often become necrotic and may even rupture.
- Infectious mononucleosis is an acute viral infection, the hallmark of which is marked enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes.
- It is also a symptom of cutaneous anthrax, measles and Human African trypanosomiasis, the latter two giving lymphadenopathy in lymph nodes in the neck.
- Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease, gives a generalized lymphadenopathy (Piringer-Kuchinka lymphadenopathy).^[4]
- Plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease - associated with HHV-8 infection and HIV infection.
- Mesenteric lymphadenitis after viral systemic infection (particularly in the GALT in the appendix) can commonly present like appendicitis.

Tumoral:
- Primary: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma give lymphadenopathy in all or a few lymph nodes. ^[4]
- Secondary: metastasis, Virchow's Node, Neuroblastoma, and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Autoimmune etiology: systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis all giving a generalized lymphadenopathy.^[4]

Immunocompromised etiology: AIDS. Generalized lymphadenopathy is an early sign of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). "Lymphadenopathy syndrome" has been used to describe the first symptomatic stage of HIV progression, preceding a diagnosis of AIDS.^[5]

Bites from certain venomous snakes, most notably the black mamba, kraits, Australian brown snakes, coral snakes, tiger snakes, taipans, death adders, and some of the more toxic species of cobra.

Unknown etiology: Kikuchi disease, progressive transformation of germinal centres, sarcoidosis, hyaline-vascular variant of Castleman's disease, Rosai-Dorfman disease, Kawasaki disease

Benign (reactive) lymphadenopathy

There are three distinct patterns of benign lymphadenopathy:

Follicular hyperplasia - Seen in infections, autoimmune disorders, and nonspecific reactions.
Paracortical hyperplasia - Seen in viral infections, skin diseases, and nonspecific reactions.
Sinus histiocytosis - Seen in lymph nodes draining limbs, inflammatory lesions, and malignancies.

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

CT scan of the chest showing lymphadenopathy in the mediastinum due to sarcoidosis.

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BHL) is a radiographic term that describes the enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes. It is easily and most commonly identified by a chest x-ray.

Causes of BHL

The following are causes of BHL:^[6]

Sarcoidosis
Infection
- Tuberculosis
- Mycoplasma
- Intestinal Lipodystrophy (Whipple's Disease)^[7]
Malignancy
- Lymphoma
- Carcinoma
- Mediastinal tumors
Inorganic dust disease
- Silicosis
- Berylliosis
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
- Such as bird fancier's lung
Less common causes also exist:^{[citation needed]}
- Churg-Strauss syndrome
- Human immunodeficiency virus
- Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
- Pneumoconiosis
- Adult-onset Still's disease

References

^ "lymphadenopathy" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ "lymphadenitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ "lymphangitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ ^a ^b ^c Status and anamnesis, Anders Albinsson. Page 12
^ Mindel & Tenant-Flowers (2001) ABC of AIDS; natural history and management of early HIV infection, BMJ, 322 p1290 – 1293
^ M. Longmore, I. Wilkinson, T. Turmezei, CK. Cheug (2007). Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 7th Edition. United States, New York: Oxford University Press. p. 179. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/0-19-356887-1|0-19-356887-1]].
^ Beers, Mark (2006). The Merck Manual.

External links

HPC:13820 on humpath.com (Digital slides)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における末梢リンパ節腫大の評価 evaluation of peripheral lymphadenopathy in adults
2. 小児における末梢のリンパ節腫脹：評価および診断的アプローチ peripheral lymphadenopathy in children evaluation and diagnostic approach
3. 小児における末梢のリンパ節腫脹 peripheral lymphadenopathy in children etiology
4. 小児における頸部リンパ節炎：診断的アプローチおよび初期マネージメント cervical lymphadenitis in children diagnostic approach and initial management
5. 頚部腫瘤の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of a neck mass

English Journal

Dextran-based fluorescent nanoprobes for sentinel lymph node mapping.

Dai T1, Zhou S2, Yin C3, Li S1, Cao W1, Liu W1, Sun K2, Dou H4, Cao Y5, Zhou G6.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2014 Sep;35(28):8227-35. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.06.012. Epub 2014 Jun 21.
Biopsy of sentinel lymph node (SLN) has become a common practice to predict whether tumor metastasis has occurred, so proper SLN positioning tracers are highly required. Due to many drawbacks of SLN tracers currently used, developing ideal, biosafe SLN imaging agents is always an urgent issue. The c
PMID 24957293

Lymphatic fluid for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cows by PCR, compared to fecal sampling and detection of antibodies in blood and milk.

Khol JL1, Pinedo PJ2, Buergelt CD3, Neumann LM4, Rae DO4.
Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2014 Aug 6;172(1-2):301-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.05.022. Epub 2014 May 29.
Johne's disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), can cause considerable economic losses in affected herds. Early diagnosis of JD is hampered by the chronic nature of the disease with a slow subclincal progression. The aim of the present study was to challenge the hy
PMID 24930984

FDG PET/CT Reveals the Primary Tumor in a Patient With Occult Breast Carcinoma Undetected by Other Modalities.

Liu M1, Liu B, Song Y, Ding L, Dong L.
Clinical nuclear medicine.Clin Nucl Med.2014 Aug;39(8):755-7. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000503.
A 54-year-old woman presented with left axillary adenopathy for 6 months. Biopsy result was consistent with nodal metastases of breast carcinoma: estrogen receptor (negative), progesterone receptor (negative), and Her-2 (negative). The primary breast tumor, however, could not be detected on breast u
PMID 24978343

Japanese Journal

肺癌手術時に縦隔リンパ節転移で発見された不顕性甲状腺癌の1例

片岡和彦,西川敏雄,北口聡一,藤原俊哉,松浦求樹
肺癌 51(1), 23-27, 2011
背景．縦隔リンパ節転移を発見契機とした甲状腺癌の報告は少ない．症例．77歳男性．検診で右上葉に腫瘤が認められた．PETで肺腫瘤にSUVmax 8.2の集積を認めた．高位縦隔リンパ節2個にも異常集積を認めた．胸骨正中切開下に，右上葉切除+縦隔リンパ節郭清を施行した．混合型小細胞癌（小細胞癌+腺癌）と診断された．縦隔リンパ節は甲状腺乳頭癌の転移であった．術後補助化学療法後に甲状腺の手術を施行し，8 m …
NAID 130000653629

術前化学療法が有効であった成人型Wilms' tumorの1例

山岸敦史,櫻井俊彦,内藤整 [他]
泌尿器科紀要 57(4), 189-192, 2011-04
… Neither tumor was enhanced, and no lymph adenopathy was detected. …
NAID 120003072116

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「リンパ節腫大」「アデノパシー」
拡張検索	「lymphadenopathy」「lymphadenopathy syndrome」「bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy」「immunoblastic lymphadenopathy」

「リンパ節腫大」

Lymphadenopathy
	; Cervical lymphadenopathy in someone with mononucleosis
ICD-10	I88, L04, R59.1
ICD-9	289.1-289.3, 683, 785.6
DiseasesDB	22225
MedlinePlus	001301
eMedicine	ped/1333
MeSH	D008206

　　[★]

英: lymphadenopathy?, adenopathy?
関: リンパ節腫脹(どういう使い分けか？同義語か？)

「アデノパシー」

　　[★]

英: adenopathy
関: 腺症

「lymphadenopathy」

　　[★]

n.

リンパ節障害、リンパ節疾患、リンパ節症

「lymphadenopathy syndrome」

　　[★]

リンパ節腫大症候群

関: AIDS-related complex、arc

「bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy」

　　[★] 両側肺門リンパ節腫脹, BHL

「immunoblastic lymphadenopathy」

　　[★] 免疫芽球性リンパ節症

[0] "lymphadenopathy" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

[1] "lymphadenitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

[2] "lymphangitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

[Status-3] Status and anamnesis, Anders Albinsson. Page 12

[4] Mindel & Tenant-Flowers (2001) ABC of AIDS; natural history and management of early HIV infection, BMJ, 322 p1290 – 1293

[5] M. Longmore, I. Wilkinson, T. Turmezei, CK. Cheug (2007). Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 7th Edition. United States, New York: Oxford University Press. p. 179. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/0-19-356887-1|0-19-356887-1]].

[6] Beers, Mark (2006). The Merck Manual.

匿名

検索

案内

案内

adenopathy