WordNet
- clothing that is worn or carried, but not part of your main clothing (同)accoutrement, accouterment
- a supplementary component that improves capability (同)appurtenance, supplement, add-on
- furnishing added support; "an ancillary pump"; "an adjuvant discipline to forms of mysticism"; "The mind and emotions are auxiliary to each other" (同)adjunct, ancillary, adjuvant, appurtenant, auxiliary
- someone who helps another person commit a crime (同)accessary
- a large dark-red oval organ on the left side of the body between the stomach and the diaphragm; produces cells involved in immune responses (同)lien
PrepTutorEJDIC
- =accessory
- 《通例複数形で》(…への)『付属品』,アクセサリー《+『for』+『名』》 / (法律用語で)従犯者,犯人隠匿(いんとく)者 / 付属の / 従犯の
- 脾臓(ひぞう) / 〈U〉不きげん,かんしゃく
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/12/20 10:03:00」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Accessory spleen |
Classification and external resources |
Histologic section of an accessory spleen
|
ICD-10 |
Q89.0 |
ICD-9 |
759.0 |
DiseasesDB |
32864 |
eMedicine |
article/896865 |
An accessory spleen (supernumerary spleen, splenule, or splenunculus) is a small nodule of splenic tissue found apart from the main body of the spleen. Accessory spleens are found in approximately 10 percent of the population[1] and are typically around 1 centimeter in diameter. They form either by the result of developmental anomalies or trauma.[2] They are medically significant in that they may result in interpretation errors in diagnostic imaging[2] or continued symptoms after therapeutic splenectomy.[1]
Contents
- 1 Causes and locations
- 2 Significance
- 3 References
- 4 External links
Causes and locations[edit]
Accessory spleen |
Latin |
splen accessorius, lien accessorius |
Gray's |
subject #278 1283 |
Accessory spleens may be formed during embryonic development when some of the cells from the developing spleen are deposited along the path from the midline, where the spleen forms, over to its final location on the left side of the abdomen by the 9th–11th ribs. The most common locations for accessory spleens are the hilum of the spleen and adjacent to the tail of the pancreas. They may be found anywhere along the splenic vessels, in the gastrosplenic ligament, the splenorenal ligament, the walls of the stomach or intestines, the pancreatic tail,[3] the greater omentum, the mesentery or the gonads and their path of descent.[4] The typical size is approximately 1 centimeter, but sizes ranging from a few millimeters up to 2–3 centimeters are not uncommon.[2]
Splenogonadal fusion can result in one or more accessory spleens along a path from the abdomen into the pelvis or scrotum. The developing spleen forms near the urogenital ridge from which the gonads develop. The gonads may pick up some tissue from the spleen, and as they descend through the abdomen during development, they can produce either a continuous or a broken line of deposited splenic tissue.[4]
Splenosis is a condition where foci of splenic tissue undergo autotransplantation, most often following physical trauma or splenectomy. Displaced tissue fragments can implant on well vascularized surfaces in the abdominal cavity, or, if the diaphragmatic barrier is broken, the thorax.[5][6]
Significance[edit]
If splenectomy is performed for conditions in which blood cells are sequestered in the spleen, failure to remove accessory spleens may result in the failure of the condition to resolve.[1] During medical imaging, accessory spleens may be confused for a enlarged lymph nodes or neoplastic growth in the tail of the pancreas,[3] gastrointestinal tract, adrenal glands or gonads.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Moore, Keith L. (1992). Clinically Oriented Anatomy (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. p. 187. ISBN 0-683-06133-X.
- ^ a b c d Gayer G; Zissin R,Apter S, Atar E, Portnoy O, Itzchak Y (August 2001). "CT findings in congenital anomalies of the spleen". British Journal of Radiology (British Institute of Radiology) 74 (884): 767–772. PMID 11511506. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
- ^ a b Kim SH; Lee JM, Han JK, Lee JY, Kim KW, Cho KC, Choi BI (Mar–April 2008). "Intrapancreatic Accessory Spleen: Findings on MR Imaging, CT, US and Scintigraphy, and the Pathologic Analysis". Korean J Radiol (Korean Radiological Society) 9 (2): 162–174. doi:10.3348/kjr.2008.9.2.162. PMC 2627219. PMID 18385564.
- ^ a b Chen S–L; Kao Y–L, Sun H–S, Lin W–L (November 2008). "Splenogonadal Fusion". Journal of the Formosan Medical Association 107 (11): 892–5. doi:10.1016/S0929-6646(08)60206-5. ISSN 0929-6646. PMID 18971159. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
- ^ Abu Hilal M; Harb A, Zeidan B, Steadman B, Primrose JN, Pearce NW (January 5, 2009). "Hepatic splenosis mimicking HCC in a patient with hepatitis C liver cirrhosis and mildly raised alpha feto protein; the important role of explorative laparoscopy". World Journal of Surgical Oncology (England: BioMed Central) 7 (1): 1. doi:10.1186/1477-7819-7-1. PMC 2630926. PMID 19123935.
- ^ Madjar S; Weissberg D (October 1994). "Thoracic splenosis". Thorax (British Medical Assn.) 49 (10): 1020–1022. doi:10.1136/thx.49.10.1020. ISSN 0040-6376. PMC 475241. PMID 7974296.
External links[edit]
- eMedicine Search: Accessory spleen
- Image at brown.edu
Lymphatic disease: Congenital lymphatic organ disorders (Q89.0/Q89.2, 759.0/759.2)
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Thymus |
- Thymic hypoplasia
- Ectopic thymus
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Spleen |
- Congenital asplenia/hyposplenism
- Asplenia with cardiovascular anomalies
- Accessory spleen
- Polysplenia
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anat (h, u, t, a, l)/phys/devp
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Dynamic computed tomography findings of an accessory spleen in the pelvis: a case report.
- Ota H1, Ojima Y2, Sumitani D2, Okajima M2,3.
- Surgical case reports.Surg Case Rep.2016 Dec;2(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s40792-016-0152-7. Epub 2016 Mar 13.
- We report the case of a 60-year-old man with an accessory spleen in the pelvis. He visited our outpatient clinic because of abdominal discomfort. Computed tomography (CT) showed an enhanced mass (40 mm in diameter) in the pelvis. Preoperative diagnosis was difficult even after magnetic resonance im
- PMID 26970956
- Arterial Vascularization of the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Pampas Deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus, 1758).
- Pérez W1, Vazquez N1, Ungerfeld R2.
- Anatomia, histologia, embryologia.Anat Histol Embryol.2016 Jun;45(3):240-5. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12192. Epub 2015 Jul 30.
- Based on gross dissection of fifteen adult animals (11 females, 4 males), we described the arterial supply of the stomach and intestines of the pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), a South American endangered species. The coeliac artery emitted the splenic, left gastric and hepatic arteries. The sp
- PMID 26224544
- Long-term outcomes after pediatric splenectomy.
- Luoto TT1, Pakarinen MP2, Koivusalo A2.
- Surgery.Surgery.2016 Jun;159(6):1583-90. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.12.014. Epub 2016 Jan 30.
- BACKGROUND: Splenectomy is performed frequently for various and primarily hematologic indications in children and adolescents. We analyzed the long-term outcome after splenectomy (median, 8.7 years) focusing on sepsis, portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and retained accessory spleen.METHODS: In total, 1
- PMID 26832988
Japanese Journal
- 粘液性嚢胞腫瘍と鑑別困難であった膵内副脾に発生したepidermoid cystの1例―本邦既報54例との比較検討―
- 篠原 芙美,古川 善也,斎 宏,坂野 文香,花ノ木 睦巳,久留島 仁,松本 能里,山本 昌弘,藤原 恵
- Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 111(3), 566-575, 2014
- 症例は43歳女性.CA19-9高値と膵尾部の嚢胞を指摘された.CT,MRI,EUSで壁の不整な多房性嚢胞性病変を認め,各嚢胞の信号強度は異なっていた.以上より粘液性嚢胞腫瘍と診断し,膵尾部脾合併切除術を施行した.膵内に多房性嚢胞を認め,尾側の嚢胞内には出血を認めた.組織学的に嚢胞壁は脾臓と同様の血管構築と,内面は扁平上皮が覆っており,膵内副脾に発生したepidermoid cystと診断した.
- NAID 130003392021
- 症例 膵尾部の膵内副脾に発生した類上皮嚢胞の1例 (特集 腹部の最新画像情報2013)
Related Links
- spleen [splēn] a large glandlike but ductless organ in the upper part of the abdominal cavity on the left side, lateral to the cardiac end of the stomach. Called also lien. adj., adj splen´ic. It is the largest collection of reticuloendothelial cells ...
- Accessory spleens (AS) may be formed during embryonic development when some of the cells from the developing spleen are deposited along the path from the midline, where the spleen forms, over to its final location on the left side ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- ()
- 英
- accessory spleen
- ラ
- splenaccessorius
- 同
- 異所性脾 dystopic spleen
- 英
- accessory spleen
[★]
- 関
- adjunct、adjunctive、appendage