WordNet

join together into a mass or collect or form a mass; "Crowds were massing outside the palace"
the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field
a body of matter without definite shape; "a huge ice mass"
an ill-structured collection of similar things (objects or people)
the muscles of the abdomen (同)abdominal_muscle, ab
of or relating to or near the abdomen; "abdominal muscles"
(Roman Catholic Church and Protestant Churches) the celebration of the Eucharist
a musical setting for a Mass; "they played a Mass composed by Beethoven"
a sequence of prayers constituting the Christian Eucharistic rite; "the priest said Mass"
informal terms for a mother (同)mama, mamma, mom, momma, mommy, mammy, mum, mummy

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(一定の形をもたない物に用いて)…の)『固まり』,集まり《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉『多数』,多量(の…)《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《the ~》『大部分』(の…),(…の)主要部《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(物体の)大きさ,かさ / 《the masses》『一般大衆』,庶民 / 〈U〉質量(物体の基本的性質を表す量) / 〈人・物〉‘を'集める,一団にする / 〈人・物が〉一かたまりになる,一団となる / 大衆の,一般に付及した / 大規模な
(比較変化なし)腹の,腹部の
《M-》《話》おかあちゃん(mamma)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/07 19:29:43」(JST)

wiki en

An abdominal mass is any localized enlargement or swelling in the human abdomen. Depending on its location, the abdominal mass may be caused by an enlarged liver (hepatomegaly), enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), protruding kidney, a pancreatic mass, a retroperitoneal mass (a mass in the posterior of the peritoneum), an abdominal aortic aneurysm, or various tumours, such as those caused by abdominal carcinomatosis and omental metastasis. The treatments depend on the cause, and may range from watchful waiting to radical surgery.

Features

Many abdominal masses are discovered incidentally during routine physical examination. When they are present symptomatically, abdominal masses are most frequently associated with pain or digestive problems. However, depending on the cause, masses may be associated with other signs and symptoms, such as jaundice or bowel obstruction.

Diagnosis

The first steps in diagnosis are a medical history and physical examination. Important clues during history include weight loss, diarrhea and abdominal pain.

During physical examination, the clinician must identify the location of the mass, as well as characterize its location (usually specified in terms of quadrants). The mass should be assessed for whether it is rigid or mobile. It should also be characterized for pulse or peristalsis, as these would help in further identifying the mass.

Routine blood tests are usually the next step in diagnosis after a thorough medical history and physical examination. They should include a full blood count, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and liver function tests such as albumin, international normalized ratio (INR), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), serum amylase and total bilirubin (TBIL). If late-stage liver disease is suspected, then a serum glucose may be appropriate.

Common causes

Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Bladder distention
Cholecystitis (an inflammation of the gallbladder)
Colon cancer
Crohn's disease
Bowel obstruction
Diverticulitis
Gallbladder tumor
Hydronephrosis (fluid-filled kidney)
Kidney cancer (including renal cell carcinoma)
Liver cancer
Hepatomegaly (Liver enlargement)
Neuroblastoma
Ovarian cyst
Pancreatic abscess
Pancreatic pseudocyst
Splenomegaly (Spleen enlargement)
Stomach cancer
Uterine leiomyoma (fibroids)
Volvulus (twisted piece of the gastrointestinal tract)
Uretero-pelvic junction obstruction

References

MedlinePlus medical encyclopedia: Abdominal mass - An informative primer on abdominal masses and their common causes.
First Principles of Gastroenterology: Abdominal Mass - This chapter discusses the basic approach to abdominal masses.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 癌が疑われる小児の臨床的評価 clinical assessment of the child with suspected cancer
2. 神経芽細胞腫の臨床所見、診断、および病期分類評価 clinical presentation diagnosis and staging evaluation of neuroblastoma
3. 原発性消化管リンパ腫の臨床症状および診断 clinical presentation and diagnosis of primary gastrointestinal lymphomas
4. 消化管穿孔の概要 overview of gastrointestinal tract perforation
5. 成人における確定診断を得られていない低血圧やショックの評価および初期アプローチ evaluation of and initial approach to the adult patient with undifferentiated hypotension and shock

English Journal

Role of low-molecular-weight heparins in prevention of thromboembolic complication after transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Negm O1, Abou Saif S, El Gharib M, Yousef M, Abd-Elsalam S.
European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology.Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2017 Mar;29(3):317-321. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000790.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This is the first clinical study to evaluate the role of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) with TACE in HCC for the prevention of thromboembol
PMID 27893491

Prevention Technique of Postoperative Inguinal Hernia in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer.

Hori S1, Oyama N1, Miyake M2, Toyoshima Y1, Takada S1, Fujimoto K1, Ono T1, Momose H1.
Indian journal of surgical oncology.Indian J Surg Oncol.2017 Mar;8(1):9-13. doi: 10.1007/s13193-016-0526-0. Epub 2016 Apr 27.
To prevent inguinal hernia after retropubic radical prostatectomy, many urologists have utilized a prevention technique of inguinal hernia at the same time as retropubic radical prostatectomy. Here, we report the clinical benefit of the prevention technique of inguinal hernia as well as risk factors
PMID 28127176

Histology and Biaxial Mechanical Behavior of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Tissue Samples.

Pancheri FQ1, Peattie RA2, Reddy ND3, Ahamed T4, Lin W4, Ouellette TD3, Iafrati MD3, Luis Dorfmann A5.
Journal of biomechanical engineering.J Biomech Eng.2017 Mar 1;139(3). doi: 10.1115/1.4035261.
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) represent permanent, localized dilations of the abdominal aorta that can be life-threatening if progressing to rupture. Evaluation of risk of rupture depends on understanding the mechanical behavior of patient AAA walls. In this project, a series of patient AAA wall
PMID 27893065

Japanese Journal

市町村国民健康保険における特定保健指導未利用者のセルフケア能力と健診結果との関連

鈴木みちえ,荒木田美香子
国際医療福祉大学学会誌 18(1), 19-33, 2013-01-31
目的:特定保健指導未利用者の保健行動,保健行動優先性,自己管理スキルで構成されるメタボリックシンドローム改善のためのセルフケア能力と2 年間の体重変化との関連を明らかにし,自己管理による改善可能性を検討する.方法:S県2 市の平成22 年度特定保健指導対象者1,527 名全員にセルフケア能力に関する質問紙調査を行い,有効回答が得られた678 名(44.4%)のうち22 年度の指導を未利用であっても …
NAID 110009544889

リンパ節転移が疑われた多中心性後腹膜Ganglioneuromaの1例

石田寛明,岸田健,村岡研太郎 [他]
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 58(11), 629-632, 2012-11
… A 39-year-old woman was referred to our hospital due to left abdominal mass which was incidentally pointed out by computed tomographic (CT) scan. … Abdominal enhanced CT showed an 85 mm solid mass, which had clustered calcifications and was enhanced weakly. … Magnetic resonance imaging showed a relatively well-circumscribed mass 125 mm in maximum diameter, in the left kidney. …
NAID 40019497543

尿路に発生したIgG4関連硬化性疾患の2例

高田昌幸,三好満,河野眞範 [他]
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 58(11), 613-616, 2012-11
… Abdominal computed tomography performed during hospitalization for the close observation of a pituitary gland tumor, showed a right renal mass. …
NAID 40019497401