WordNet

any of numerous plants widely cultivated for their showy single or double red or pink or white flowers (同)paeony
peonies: herbaceous or shrubby plants having showy flowers (同)genus Paeonia

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/22 19:41:38」(JST)

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Paeonia lactiflora (Chinese peony or common garden peony) is a species of herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Paeoniaceae, native to central and eastern Asia from eastern Tibet across northern China to eastern Siberia. It is 50–70 cm (20–28 in) tall and broad, with 9-lobed leaves 20–40 cm (8–16 in) long. The flower buds appear in late spring (May in the Northern Hemisphere). They are large and round, opening into fragrant, cup- or bowl-shaped flowers 8–16 cm (3–6 in) in diameter, with 5-10 white, pink, or crimson petals and yellow stamens.^[1]

Background[edit source | edit]

P. lactiflora was known as the white peony (P. albiflora) when first introduced into Europe.^[2] It was brought to England in the mid-18th century, and is the parent of most modern varieties. There are several hundred selected cultivars in a range of colours, sizes and forms; many have double flowers, with the stamens modified into additional petals.^[3] There are many colors now available, from pure milk white, to pink, rose, and near red, along with single to fully double forms. They are prolific bloomers, and have become the main source of peonies for the cut flower business.^[2]

In China P. lactiflora is less highly valued as an ornamental plant than the cultivars of tree peony Paeonia rockii (tree peony) and Paeonia suffruticosa.

The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

'Bowl of Beauty'Wiki cultivar agm Paeonia lactiflora Bowl of Beauty ^[4] ^[5] (double, pink & cream)
'Duchesse de Nemours'^[6] (double white)
'Laura Dessert'^[7] (double white)
'Sarah Bernhardt'^[8] (double pink)
'Whitleyi Major'^[9] (single white with prominent stamens)

Chemistry[edit source | edit]

The leaves of many cultivars are high in oleanolic and ursolic acid.^[10]

Phenolic compounds[edit source | edit]

Cis-epsilon-viniferin, trans-resveratrol, trans-resveratrol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, trans-epsilon-viniferin, gnetin H, and suffruticosol A, B^[11] and paeoniflorin esters^[12] can be found in P. lactiflora.

Petals color is dependant on a UDP-glucose: Flavonoid 5-O-glucosyltransferase expressing anthocyanins such as peonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside-5-O-arabinoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside-5-O-galactoside and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside-5-O-galactoside.^[13]

Notes[edit source | edit]

^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
^ ^a ^b Halda, Josef J.; James W. Waddick (2004). The Genus Paeonia. Timber Press. pp. 196–205. ISBN 978-0-88192-612-5.
^ Loewer, H. Peter (1999). Fragrant Gardens. Houghton Mifflin Gardening. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-395-88492-8.
^ http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5543
^ "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Bowl of Beauty'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.
^ "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Duchesse de Nemours'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.
^ "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Laura Dessert'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.
^ "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Sarah Bernhardt'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.
^ "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Whitleyi Major'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.
^ Zhou C, Zhang Y, Sheng Y, Zhao D, Lv S, Hu Y, Tao J.,"Herbaceous Peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) as an Alternative Source of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids." Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(1):655-67
^ Kim, H. J.; Chang, E. J.; Cho, S. H.; Chung, S. K.; Park, H. D.; Choi, S. W. (2002). "Antioxidative activity of resveratrol and its derivatives isolated from seeds of Paeonia lactiflora". Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 66 (9): 1990–1993. doi:10.1271/bbb.66.1990. PMID 12400706. edit
^ Yan, D.; Saito, K.; Ohmi, Y.; Fujie, N.; Ohtsuka, K. (2004). "Paeoniflorin, a novel heat shock protein–inducing compound". Cell Stress & Chaperones 9 (4): 378–89. doi:10.1379/CSC-51R.1. PMC 1065277. PMID 15633296. edit
^ Isolation of a UDP-glucose: Flavonoid 5-O-glucosyltransferase gene and expression analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.). Da Qiu Zhao, Chen Xia Han, Jin Tao Ge and Jun Tao, Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 15 November 2012, Volume 15, Number 6, doi:10.2225/vol15-issue6-fulltext-7

References[edit source | edit]

PubMed abstracts: Palbinone, a novel terpenoid from Paeonia albiflora
Plants for a Future: Paeonia lactiflora

External links[edit source | edit]

Wikispecies has information related to: Paeonia lactiflora

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Paeonia lactiflora

Chinese Herbaceous Peony
Chinese Tree and Herbaceous Peony
USDA Plant profile

UpToDate Contents

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Inhibitory effect of an aqueous extract of Radix Paeoniae Alba on calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in a rat model.

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Effects of Paeonia emodi on hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP3A2 and CYP2C11) expression and pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine in rats.

Raish M1, Ahmad A2, Alkharfy KM3, Jan BL2, Mohsin K4, Ahad A4, Al-Jenoobi FI4, Al-Mohizea AM4.
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Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「芍薬」「peony」
関連記事	「Paeonia」

「芍薬」

Paeonia lactiflora
	Paeonia lactiflora
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Core eudicots
Order:	Saxifragales
Family:	Paeoniaceae
Genus:	Paeonia
Species:	P. lactiflora
Binomial name
	Paeonia lactiflora; Pall.
Synonyms
	Paeonia edulis Salisb.; Paeonia albiflora Pall.

　　[★]

日: しゃくやく、シャクヤク
英: peony root
ラ: Paeoniae Radix
同: 真芍薬しんしゃくやく
関: ボタン属、(植物)peony

生薬
シャクヤクの根
モノテルペン配糖体(paeniflorin)、タンニン
鎮痙、鎮痛作用

「peony」

　　[★]

シャクヤク

関: Paeonia、Paeoniae Radix、peony root

「Paeonia」

　　[★]

ボタン属、ペオニア属、Paeonia属

関: Paeoniae Radix、peony

[RHSAZ-1] RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.

[Halda-2] Halda, Josef J.; James W. Waddick (2004). The Genus Paeonia. Timber Press. pp. 196–205. ISBN 978-0-88192-612-5.

[3] Loewer, H. Peter (1999). Fragrant Gardens. Houghton Mifflin Gardening. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-395-88492-8.

[4] ttp://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5543

[5] "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Bowl of Beauty'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.

[6] "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Duchesse de Nemours'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.

[7] "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Laura Dessert'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.

[8] "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Sarah Bernhardt'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.

[9] "RHS Plant Selector - Paeonia lactiflora 'Whitleyi Major'". Retrieved 25 May 2013.

[10] Zhou C, Zhang Y, Sheng Y, Zhao D, Lv S, Hu Y, Tao J.,"Herbaceous Peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) as an Alternative Source of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids." Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(1):655-67

[Kim-11] Kim, H. J.; Chang, E. J.; Cho, S. H.; Chung, S. K.; Park, H. D.; Choi, S. W. (2002). "Antioxidative activity of resveratrol and its derivatives isolated from seeds of Paeonia lactiflora". Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 66 (9): 1990–1993. doi:10.1271/bbb.66.1990. PMID 12400706. edit

[12] Yan, D.; Saito, K.; Ohmi, Y.; Fujie, N.; Ohtsuka, K. (2004). "Paeoniflorin, a novel heat shock protein–inducing compound". Cell Stress & Chaperones 9 (4): 378–89. doi:10.1379/CSC-51R.1. PMC 1065277. PMID 15633296. edit

[13] Isolation of a UDP-glucose: Flavonoid 5-O-glucosyltransferase gene and expression analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.). Da Qiu Zhao, Chen Xia Han, Jin Tao Ge and Jun Tao, Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 15 November 2012, Volume 15, Number 6, doi:10.2225/vol15-issue6-fulltext-7

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案内

Paeoniae Radix