Klebsiella infection

クレブシエラ感染症、クレブシエラ感染、Klebsiella感染症

WordNet

1. (medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
2. (phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound
3. the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
4. (international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
5. moral corruption or contamination; "ambitious men are led astray by an infection that is almost unavoidable"
6. an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted (同)contagion, transmission
7. a genus of nonmotile rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria; some cause respiratory and other infections

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉(病気の)伝染;感染 / 〈C〉伝染病

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/02 08:23:36」(JST)

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Klebsiella pneumoniae
K. pneumoniae on a MacConkey agar plate.
Classification and external resources
Specialty	pulmonology
ICD-10	B96.1, J15.0
ICD-9-CM	041.3, 482.0
DiseasesDB	7181
eMedicine	med/1237
MeSH	D007710

Klebsiella pneumonia is a form of bacterial pneumonia associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae.

It is typically due to aspiration by alcoholics, though it is more commonly implicated in hospital-acquired urinary tract and wound infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals and diabetics.

Signs and symptoms

Patients with Klebsiella pneumonia tend to cough up a characteristic sputum that is said to resemble "red-currant jelly".

Klebsiella pneumonia tends to affect people with underlying diseases, such as alcoholism, diabetes and chronic lung disease.

Treatment

Treatment for Klebsiella pneumonia is by antibiotics such as aminoglycosides and cephalosporins, the choice depending upon the patient’s health condition, medical history and severity of the disease.

However, Klebsiella possesses a chromosomal class A beta-lactamase giving it resistance to ampicillin. Many strains have acquired an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase with additional resistance to carbenicillin, amoxicillin, and increasingly to ceftazidime. The bacteria remain largely susceptible to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. Varying degrees of inhibition of the beta-lactamase with clavulanic acid have been reported. Infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens in the ICU have invoked the re-emergence of colistin, an antibiotic that had rarely been used for decades. However, colistin-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae have been reported in Greek ICUs. In 2009, strains of K. pneumoniae with gene called New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (shortened NDM-1) that even gives resistance against intravenous antibiotic carbapenem, were discovered in India and Pakistan.

Klebsiella cases in Taiwan have shown abnormal toxicity, causing liver abscesses in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Treatment consists of third generation cephalosporins.

Spread of resistant strains

Klebsiella resistant strains have been recorded in USA with a roughly threefold increase in Chicago cases, Brazil with 15 deaths per 163 cases, quarantined individuals in Israel, United Kingdom and parts of Europe. Possible ground zero, or location of emergence, is the India-Pakistan border.

A strain known as Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (CRKP) was estimated to be involved in 350 cases in Los Angeles County between June and December 2010.

Eponym

Community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae may be called Friedländer's Pneumonia, after Carl Friedländer.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 肺炎桿菌（肺炎クレブシエラ）感染症の臨床的特徴、診断、および治療 clinical features diagnosis and treatment of klebsiella pneumoniae infection
• 2. 肺炎桿菌感染症の微生物学および病因 microbiology and pathogenesis of klebsiella pneumoniae infection
• 3. 肺炎桿菌による浸潤性肝膿瘍症候群 invasive liver abscess syndrome caused by klebsiella pneumoniae
• 4. カルバペネマーゼ産生グラム陰性桿菌の概要 overview of carbapenemase producing gram negative bacilli
• 5. 急性複雑性膀胱炎および腎盂腎炎 acute complicated cystitis and pyelonephritis

English Journal

• Enhanced nucleic acid amplification with blood in situ by wire-guided droplet manipulation (WDM).

• Harshman DK, Reyes R, Park TS, You DJ, Song JY, Yoon JY.Author information Biomedical Engineering Graduate Interdisciplinary Program and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA.AbstractThere are many challenges facing the use of molecular biology to provide pertinent information in a timely, cost effective manner. Wire-guided droplet manipulation (WDM) is an emerging format for conducting molecular biology with unique characteristics to address these challenges. To demonstrate the use of WDM, an apparatus was designed and assembled to automate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on a reprogrammable platform. WDM minimizes thermal resistance by convective heat transfer to a constantly moving droplet in direct contact with heated silicone oil. PCR amplification of the GAPDH gene was demonstrated at a speed of 8.67 s/cycle. Conventional PCR was shown to be inhibited by the presence of blood. WDM PCR utilizes molecular partitioning of nucleic acids and other PCR reagents from blood components, within the water-in-oil droplet, to increase PCR reaction efficiency with blood in situ. The ability to amplify nucleic acids in the presence of blood simplifies pre-treatment protocols towards true point-of-care diagnostic use. The 16s rRNA hypervariable regions V3 and V6 were amplified from Klebsiella pneumoniae genomic DNA with blood in situ. The detection limit of WDM PCR was 1 ng/μL or 10(5)genomes/μL with blood in situ. The application of WDM for rapid, automated detection of bacterial DNA from whole blood may have an enormous impact on the clinical diagnosis of infections in bloodstream or chronic wound/ulcer, and patient safety and morbidity.
• Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2014 Mar 15;53:167-74. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.08.057. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
• There are many challenges facing the use of molecular biology to provide pertinent information in a timely, cost effective manner. Wire-guided droplet manipulation (WDM) is an emerging format for conducting molecular biology with unique characteristics to address these challenges. To demonstrate the
• PMID 24140832

• Antibacterial activity of the roots, stems and leaves of Alchornea floribunda.

• Siwe Noundou X1, Krause RW2, van Vuuren SF3, Tantoh Ndinteh D4, Olivier DK5.Author information 1Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.2Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa. Electronic address: r.krause@ru.ac.za.3Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.4Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.5School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.AbstractETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Alchornea floribunda Müll. Arg. is used in traditional medicine across Africa for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, parasitic and inflammatory disorders.
• Journal of ethnopharmacology.J Ethnopharmacol.2014 Feb 3;151(2):1023-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.002. Epub 2013 Dec 11.
• ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Alchornea floribunda Müll. Arg. is used in traditional medicine across Africa for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, parasitic and inflammatory disorders.AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the crude extracts of different plant parts in order
• PMID 24333961

• Diafiltration maldi-tof mass spectrometry method for culture-independent detection and identification of pathogens directly from urine specimens.

• Demarco ML, Burnham CA.Author information Dept of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; mdmrco@mail.ubc.ca.AbstractObjectives: With the aim of rapid, culture-independent identification of microorganisms directly from urine specimens, we developed a diafiltration matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method. Methods: In this procedure, urine specimens are desalted, fractionated, and concentrated prior to MS analysis. The analytic performance characteristics of the diafiltration method were assessed in a prospective trial whereby 100 fresh urine specimens were processed using diafiltration MALDI-TOF MS. Concomitant with this, conventional culture was performed with results blinded to the MS operator. Results: The diafiltration method correctly identified urine specimens positive for uropathogens (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis) and correctly classified all specimens negative for clinically relevant bacteriuria, including a subset of contaminated urine specimens and a subset with growth of clinically insignificant flora. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 67% and 100%, respectively. The detection limit of this method was 10(5) to 10(6) colony-forming units/mL. Conclusions: Using the diafiltration method, we were able to improve the turnaround time for microorganism identification from 24 to 48 hours (for conventional culture) to 2 to 3 hours. Although methodological refinements are under way to further improve the clinical sensitivity and turnaround time, the 100% positive predictive value of this method suggests that it could be used to guide the selection of antimicrobial agents.
• American journal of clinical pathology.Am J Clin Pathol.2014 Feb;141(2):204-12. doi: 10.1309/AJCPQYW3B6JLKILC.
• Objectives: With the aim of rapid, culture-independent identification of microorganisms directly from urine specimens, we developed a diafiltration matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method. Methods: In this procedure, urine specimens are desa
• PMID 24436267

Japanese Journal

• Lateral Buttock Congenital Dermal Sinus Tract : Case Report

• YAMAGUCHI Satoshi,TAKEDA Masaaki,KIHARA Hirotaka,EGUCHI Kuniki,MITSUHARA Takafumi,MATSUSHIGE Toshinori,KURISU Kaoru
• Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 51(6), 460-462, 2011-06-15
• … Klebsiella and Enterococcus species were cultured from the pus. …
• NAID 10029138347

• 医療関連感染による伝播が疑われたTEM-132型ESBL産生 Klebsiella pneumoniae について

• 高橋 真帆,柴田 尚宏,大屋 貴美子,堀水 みさ子,長井 一彦,荒川 宜親
• 日本臨床微生物学雑誌 = The journal of the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology 21(1), 11-16, 2011-03-25
• NAID 10028122448

• 感染制御のための微生物学講座 細菌 KPC-型βラクタマーゼ産生K.pneumoniaeによる感染症の特徴と対応法

• 石井 良和
• 感染制御 7(1), 37-42, 2011-02
• NAID 40018855739

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「クレブシエラ感染症」
関連記事	「infection」

「クレブシエラ感染症」

　　[★]

英

Klebsiella infection

同

クレブシエラ感染、Klebsiella感染症

感染症

• 肺炎(クレブシエラ肺炎、敗血症、化膿性髄膜炎、中耳炎、眼結膜炎、尿路、胆道感染

「infection」

　　[★]

• n.

• 感染、伝染、感染症

関

contagion、infect、infectious disease、infestation、transmission、transmit