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a piece broken off or cut off of something else; "a fragment of rock"
an incomplete piece; "fragments of a play"
the 6th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)f

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/05/23 06:51:50」(JST)

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An antibody digested by papain yields three fragments, two Fab fragments and one Fc fragment

An antibody digested by pepsin yields two fragments: a F(ab')₂ fragment and a pFc' fragment

The fragment crystallizable region (Fc region) is the tail region of an antibody that interacts with cell surface receptors called Fc receptors and some proteins of the complement system. This property allows antibodies to activate the immune system. In IgG, IgA and IgD antibody isotypes, the Fc region is composed of two identical protein fragments, derived from the second and third constant domains of the antibody's two heavy chains; IgM and IgE Fc regions contain three heavy chain constant domains (C_H domains 2–4) in each polypeptide chain.^[1] ^[2] The Fc regions of IgGs bear a highly conserved N-glycosylation site.^[3]^[4] Glycosylation of the Fc fragment is essential for Fc receptor-mediated activity.^[5] The N-glycans attached to this site are predominantly core-fucosylated diantennary structures of the complex type. In addition, small amounts of these N-glycans also bear bisecting GlcNAc and α-2,6 linked sialic acid residues.^[3]

The other part of an antibody, called the Fab region, contains variable sections that define the specific target that the antibody can bind. By contrast, the Fc region of all antibodies in a class are the same for each species; they are constant rather than variable. The Fc region is, therefore, sometimes incorrectly termed the "fragment constant region".

Function

Fc binds to various cell receptors and complement proteins. In this way, it mediates different physiological effects of antibodies (Detection of opsonized particles; cell lysis; degranulation of mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils; and other processes).

References

^ Janeway, CA, Jr.; et al. (2001). Immunobiology (5th ed.). Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8153-3642-X. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=imm.TOC&depth=10.
^ Larsson, Lars-Inge (September 1988). Immunocytochemistry: Theory and practice. Crc Press. ISBN 0-8493-6078-1. http://books.google.at/books?id=-1zBtdvB4IMC&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=antibody+pFc%27+fragment&source=bl&ots=5hl94oyXmu&sig=4fCvPUt1hbwq-91KJDWAYLzhajE&hl=de&ei=58BIS6ifD8SI_AbNh8yhAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=antibody%20pFc%27%20fragment&f=false.
^ ^a ^b Stadlmann J, Pabst M, Kolarich D, Kunert R, Altmann F. (2008) Analysis of immunoglobulin glycosylation by LC-ESI-MS of glycopeptides and oligosaccharides. Proteomics. 2008 Jul;8(14):2858-71
^ Stadlmann J, Weber A, Pabst M, Anderle H, Kunert R, Ehrlich HJ, Peter Schwarz H, Altmann F. (2009) A close look at human IgG sialylation and subclass distribution after lectin fractionation. Proteomics. 2009 Sep;9(17):4143-53.
^ http://www.biomedexperts.com/Abstract.bme/18566325/Antibody_fucosylation_differentially_impacts_cytotoxicity_mediated_by_NK_and_PMN_effector_cells

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1. 血小板産生因子の臨床応用 clinical applications of thrombopoietic growth factors
2. 免疫グロブリンの構造 structure of immunoglobulins
3. 免疫グロブリンの機能および臨床応用 function and clinical applications of immunoglobulins
4. 血清病および血清病様反応 serum sickness and serum sickness like reactions
5. 血液疾患における免疫グロブリンの静脈内投与 intravenous immune globulin in hematologic disorders

English Journal

The Fc-alpha receptor is a new target antigen for immunotherapy of myeloid leukemia.

Mladenov R1,2, Hristodorov D1,2, Cremer C1, Hein L1, Kreutzer F1, Stroisch T1, Niesen J2, Brehm H1, Blume T1, Brümmendorf TH3, Jost E3, Thepen T2, Fischer R2, Stockmeyer B4, Barth S5, Stein C1,2.
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2015 Dec 1;137(11):2729-2738. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29628. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
Antibody-based immunotherapy of leukemia requires the targeting of specific antigens on the surface of blasts. The Fc gamma receptor (CD64) has been investigated in detail, and CD64-targeting immunotherapy has shown promising efficacy in the targeted ablation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute m
PMID 26041304

Backbone (1)H, (13)C, and (15)N resonance assignments of the Fc fragment of human immunoglobulin G glycoprotein.

Yagi H1, Zhang Y1,2, Yagi-Utsumi M1,2, Yamaguchi T1,2, Iida S3, Yamaguchi Y1,4, Kato K5,6.
Biomolecular NMR assignments.Biomol NMR Assign.2015 Oct;9(2):257-60. doi: 10.1007/s12104-014-9586-7. Epub 2014 Oct 8.
The Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) recruits complements and its cognate receptors, thereby promoting defensive mechanisms in the humoral immune system. These effector functions critically depend on N-glycosylation at the Fc region, which is therefore regarded as a crucial factor in the design
PMID 25291979

FCRL3 gene polymorphisms confer risk for sudden sensorineural hearing loss in a Chinese Han Population.

Liu H1, Gu Z1, Kang HY1, Ke X1, Shen Y1, Wang XQ1, Hu GH1, Zeng JH1, Hong SL2.
Gene.Gene.2015 Oct 1;570(1):89-94. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.005. Epub 2015 Jun 4.
Fc receptor-like 3 (FCRL3) has recently been associated with susceptibility to several immune-related diseases. In this study, we evaluated the potential association of FCRL3 polymorphisms with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in a Chinese Han population. Five single-nucleotide polymorphism
PMID 26051414

Japanese Journal

Aflibercept Traps Galectin-1, an Angiogenic Factor Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy

Scientific reports 5, 17946, 2015-12-09
NAID 120005690890

次世代抗体医薬品の非臨床評価

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 135(7), 857-866, 2015
NAID 130005085757

自動的にネットワークして成長する知能 : デジタル言語にもとづく個体と人類の知能のネットワーク要求解析

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NAID 110009861237

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関連記事	「fragment」「Fc」「F」