Clostridium thermocellum

クロストリジウム・サーモセラム

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C. thermocellum

WordNet

1. spindle-shaped bacterial cell especially one swollen at the center by an endospore (同)clostridia

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/02 05:40:36」(JST)

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Clostridium thermocellum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Division:	Firmicutes
Class:	Clostridia
Order:	Clostridiales
Family:	Clostridiaceae
Genus:	Clostridium
Species:	C. thermocellum
Binomial name
Clostridium thermocellum NCBI

Clostridium thermocellum is an anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium. C. thermocellum has garnered research interest due to its cellulolytic and ethanologenic abilities, being capable of directly converting a cellulosic substrate into ethanol. This makes it useful in converting biomass into a usable energy source. The degradation of the cellulose is carried out in the bacterium by a large extracellular cellulase system called a cellulosome, which contains nearly 20 catalytic subunits. The cellulase system of the bacterium significantly differs from fungal cellulases due to its high activity on crystalline cellulose, being able to completely solubilize crystalline sources of cellulose, such as cotton. However, there are some shortfalls in applying the organism to practical applications due to it having low ethanol yield, at least partially due to branched fermentation pathways that produce acetate, formate, and lactate along with ethanol. There is also evidence of inhibition due to the presence of hydrogen and due to agitation. Some recent research has been directed to optimizing the ethanol-producing metabolic pathway in hopes of creating more efficient biomass conversion.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人におけるクロストリジウム・ディフィシル：治療 clostridium difficile in adults treatment
• 2. Clostridium difficile infection in adults: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis
• 3. クロストリジウム性筋肉壊死 clostridial myonecrosis
• 4. 成人におけるクロストリジウム・ディフィシル：疫学、微生物学、および病態生理 clostridium difficile in adults epidemiology microbiology and pathophysiology
• 5. 小児におけるクロストリジウムディフィシル感染：診断へのアプローチ clostridium difficile infection in children approach to diagnosis

English Journal

• Transcriptomic analysis of.

• Linville JL, Rodriguez M, Brown SD, Mielenz JR, Cox CD.
• BMC microbiology.BMC Microbiol.2014 Aug 16;14(1):215. [Epub ahead of print]
• BackgroundThe thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum is a model organism for consolidated processing due to its efficient fermentation of cellulose. Constituents of dilute acid pretreatment hydrolysate are known to inhibit C. thermocellum and other microorganisms. To evaluate th
• PMID 25128475

• The identification of four histidine kinases that influence sporulation in Clostridium thermocellum.

• Mearls EB1, Lynd LR2.
• Anaerobe.Anaerobe.2014 Aug;28:109-19. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.06.004. Epub 2014 Jun 14.
• In this study, we sought to identify genes involved in the onset of spore formation in Clostridium thermocellum via targeted gene deletions, gene over-expression, and transcriptional analysis. We determined that three putative histidine kinases, clo1313_0286, clo1313_2735 and clo1313_1942 were posit
• PMID 24933585

• Immobilized anaerobic fermentation for bio-fuel production by Clostridium co-culture.

• Xu L1, Tschirner U.
• Bioprocess and biosystems engineering.Bioprocess Biosyst Eng.2014 Aug;37(8):1551-9. doi: 10.1007/s00449-014-1127-3. Epub 2014 Feb 4.
• Clostridium thermocellum/Clostridium thermolacticum co-culture fermentation has been shown to be a promising way of producing ethanol from several carbohydrates. In this research, immobilization techniques using sodium alginate and alkali pretreatment were successfully applied on this co-culture to
• PMID 24488259

Japanese Journal

• Decreased hydrogen production leads to selective butanol production in co-cultures of Clostridium thermocellum and Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum strain N1-4(MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY)

• Nakayama Shunichi,Bando Yukiko,Ohnishi Akihiro [他],Kadokura Toshimori,Nakazato Atsumi
• Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 115(2), 173-175, 2013-02
• … When Clostridium thermocellum and Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum strain N1-4 were co-cultured hydrogen production decreased and butanol was selectively produced with extremely low level of acetone. …
• NAID 110009592566

• Detection and Characterization of a Thermophilic Biotin Biosynthetic Enzyme, 7-Keto-8-aminopelargonic Acid Synthase, from Various Thermophiles

• KUBOTA Takaaki,IZUMI Yoshikazu
• Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 76(4), 685-690, 2012-04-23
• … VF5, <I>Clostridium thermocellum</I> …
• NAID 10030751453

• 2Dp02 Clostridium thermocellum由来セロデキストリンホスホリラーゼを用いた新規オリゴ糖の合成(酵素学・酵素工学,一般講演)

• 片山 貴之,谷 修治,炭谷 順一,川口 剛司
• 日本生物工学会大会講演要旨集 63, 136, 2011-08-25
• NAID 110008911350

Related Links

• クロストリジウム属 - Wikipedia

クロストリジウム属(Clostridium)は、真正細菌の一属。 ... この属名は、ギリシャ語の kloth(捻じれ)から派生したklostridion (小さい捻じれたもの)から来ており、ラテン語化 するとClostridium となる。 ... クロストリジウム・サーモセラム (C. thermocellum ): 好 熱性。

• Clostridium thermocellum - MicrobeWiki

4 Jul 2011 ... Like most species from the Clostridium genus, C. thermocellum is a bacteria that has a rod-like shape for its cell body. It is classified as a gram-positive bacteria which means that the cell body is only surrounded by a single ...

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リンク元	「C. thermocellum」「クロストリジウム・サーモセラム」
関連記事	「clostridium」「thermocellum」「Clostridium」

「C. thermocellum」

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• クロストリジウム・サーモセラム

関

Clostridium thermocellum

「クロストリジウム・サーモセラム」

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ラ

Clostridium thermocellum、C. thermocellum

「clostridium」

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関

クロストリジウム、クロストリジウム属

「thermocellum」

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• Clostridium thermocellum

「Clostridium」

　　[★] クロストリジウム属