WordNet

(medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
(phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound
the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
(international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
moral corruption or contamination; "ambitious men are led astray by an infection that is almost unavoidable"
an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted (同)contagion, transmission
family of bacteria living usually in the alimentary canal or on mucous surfaces of warm-blooded animals; sometimes associated with acute infective processes (同)family Bacteroidaceae

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(病気の)伝染;感染 / 〈C〉伝染病

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. TORCH感染の概要 overview of torch infections
2. カンジダ感染症の概要 overview of candida infections
3. 感染症を繰り返す成人に対するアプローチ approach to the adult with recurrent infections
4. 手指感染の概要 overview of hand infections
5. サイトメガロウイルス感染の診断へのアプローチ approach to the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection

English Journal

Polymersome-mediated intracellular delivery of antibiotics to treat Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected oral epithelial cells.

Wayakanon K, Thornhill MH, Douglas CW, Lewis AL, Warren NJ, Pinnock A, Armes SP, Battaglia G, Murdoch C.Author information 1C.M., Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Surgery, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK. c.murdoch@sheffield.ac.uk.AbstractThe gram-negative anaerobe Porphyromonas gingivalis colonizes the gingival crevice and is etiologically associated with periodontal disease that can lead to alveolar bone damage and resorption, promoting tooth loss. Although susceptible to antibiotics, P. gingivalis can evade antibiotic killing by residing within gingival keratinocytes. This provides a reservoir of organisms that may recolonize the gingival crevice once antibiotic therapy is complete. Polymersomes are nanosized amphiphilic block copolymer vesicles that can encapsulate drugs. Cells internalize polymersomes by endocytosis into early endosomes, where they are disassembled by the low pH, causing intracellular release of their drug load. In this study, polymersomes were used as vehicles to deliver antibiotics in an attempt to kill intracellular P. gingivalis within monolayers of keratinocytes and organotypic oral mucosal models. Polymersome-encapsulated metronidazole or doxycycline, free metronidazole, or doxycycline, or polymersomes alone as controls, were used, and the number of surviving intracellular P. gingivalis was quantified after host cell lysis. Polymersome-encapsulated metronidazole or doxycycline significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of intracellular P. gingivalis in both monolayer and organotypic cultures compared to free antibiotic or polymersome alone controls. Polymersomes are effective delivery vehicles for antibiotics that do not normally gain entry to host cells. This approach could be used to treat recurrent periodontitis or other diseases caused by intracellular-dwelling organisms.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.FASEB J.2013 Nov;27(11):4455-65. doi: 10.1096/fj.12-225219. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
The gram-negative anaerobe Porphyromonas gingivalis colonizes the gingival crevice and is etiologically associated with periodontal disease that can lead to alveolar bone damage and resorption, promoting tooth loss. Although susceptible to antibiotics, P. gingivalis can evade antibiotic killing by r
PMID 23921377

An unusual cause of empyema in a teenage boy.

Rayment JH, Weinstein M.
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne.CMAJ.2013 Sep 17;185(13):1151-3. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.122089. Epub 2013 Jun 24.
PMID 23798451

Multidrug-resistant bacteroides fragilis--Seattle, Washington, 2013.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).AbstractThe Bacteroides fragilis group consists of species of obligate anaerobic bacteria that inhabit the human gut. They are among the leading pathogens isolated in the setting of intra-abdominal infections. B. fragilis strains, especially in the United States, are virtually always susceptible to metronidazole, carbapenems, and beta-lactam antibiotics. Although isolated cases of resistance to single agents have been reported, multidrug-resistant (MDR) B. fragilis strains are exceptionally rare. In May 2013, an MDR B. fragilis strain was isolated from the bloodstream and intra-abdominal abscesses of a patient who had recently received health care in India. This is only the second published case of MDR B. fragilis in the United States. This report summarizes the case and highlights the need for awareness of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in returning travelers who have received inpatient medical care outside the United States, both for timely implementation of proper infection control measures and to ensure administration of appropriate antimicrobials.
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2013 Aug 30;62(34):694-6.
The Bacteroides fragilis group consists of species of obligate anaerobic bacteria that inhabit the human gut. They are among the leading pathogens isolated in the setting of intra-abdominal infections. B. fragilis strains, especially in the United States, are virtually always susceptible to metronid
PMID 23985497

Japanese Journal

大腸手術における術後感染予防と治療法の検討 : 抗菌剤併用投与の効果について

丸山洋
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 17(8), 1566-1573, 1984-08-01
… また Polymyxin-B 投与後の糞便中 Enterobacteriaceae の 70%, Clindamycin 投与後の Bacteroidaceae の 50% は耐性菌となった. …
NAID 110001360098