WordNet

the amount that can be contained; "the gas tank has a capacity of 12 gallons" (同)content
(computer science) the amount of information (in bytes) that can be stored on a disk drive; "the capacity of a hard disk drive is usually expressed in megabytes"
a specified function; "he was employed in the capacity of director"; "he should be retained in his present capacity at a higher salary"
the maximum production possible; "the plant is working at 80 per cent capacity"
tolerance for alcohol; "he had drunk beyond his capacity"
the power to learn or retain knowledge; in law, the ability to understand the facts and significance of your behavior (同)mental ability
capability to perform or produce; "among his gifts is his capacity for true altruism"; "limited runway capacity"; "a great capacity for growth"
manifesting or characteristic of life; "a vital, living organism"; "vital signs"
performing an essential function in the living body; "vital organs"; "blood and other vital fluids"; "the loss of vital heat in shock"; "a vital spot"; "life-giving love and praise" (同)life-sustaining

PrepTutorEJDIC

Victoria Cross
〈U〉《しばしばa capacity》(建物などの)『収容力』,(容器などの)『容量』,『容積』 / 〈U〉《しばしばa capacity》(人の)『能力』,才能;(物の)性能 / 〈C〉(…の)『資格』,地位《+『of』(『as』)+『名』》
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『生命の』,生命に関する(必要な) / 『生き生きしとた』,生気に満ちた,エネルギッシュな / 『きわめて重大な』,肝要な / 『命にかかわる』,致命的な / 生命維持に必要な器官(心臓・肺臓・脳など)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/26 12:13:24」(JST)

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Output of a spirometer

Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. It is equal to the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume.

A person's vital capacity can be measured by a wet or regular spirometer. In combination with other physiological measurements, the vital capacity can help make a diagnosis of underlying lung disease. Furthermore, the vital capacity is used to determine the severity of respiratory muscle involvement in neuromuscular disease, and can guide treatment decisions in Guillain-Barré syndrome and myasthenic crisis.^{[citation needed]}

A normal adult has a vital capacity between 3 and 5 litres.^[1] A human's vital capacity depends on age, sex, height, mass, and ethnicity.^[2]

Lung volumes and lung capacities refer to the volume of air associated with different phases of the respiratory cycle. Lung volumes are directly measured, whereas lung capacities are inferred from volumes.

Estimated vital capacities

Males by height^[3]^:182
Height	150–155 cm (5'–5'2")	155–160 cm (5'2"–5'4")	160–165 cm (5'4"–5'6")	165–170 cm (5'6"–5'8")	170–175 cm (5'8"–5'10")	175–180 cm (5'10"–6')
Vital capacity (cm³)	2900	3150	3400	3720	3950	4300

Males by age^[3]^:183
Age	15–25	25–35	35–45	45–55	55–65
Vital capacity (cm³)	3425	3500	3225	3050	2850

Formulas

Vital capacity increases with height and decreases with age. Formulas to estimate vital capacity are:^[1]

$\begin{align} vc_{male} = (27.63 - 0.112 a ) \cdot h \\ vc_{female} = (21.78 - 0.101 a ) \cdot h \\ \end{align}$

where is approximate vital capacity in cm³, is age in years, and is height in cm.

References

^ ^a ^b "Vital Capacity". Family Practice Notebook.
^ Hutchinson, J (1846). "On the capacity of the lungs, and on the respiratory functions, with a view of establishing a precise and easy method of detecting disease by the spirometer". Med Chir Trans 29: 137–252. PMC 2116876.
^ ^a ^b Pratt, Joseph H. (1922). "Long-continued observations on the vital capacity in health and in heart disease". Transactions of the Association of American Physicians (W. J. Dornan, Incorporated) 37: 182–197.

External links

Vital capacity at GPnotebook

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における肺機能検査の概要 overview of pulmonary function testing in adults
2. 肺機能検査の基準値 reference values for pulmonary function testing
3. 筋無力症クリーゼ myasthenic crisis
4. 神経筋疾患による呼吸筋の筋力低下：臨床症状および評価 respiratory muscle weakness due to neuromuscular disease clinical manifestations and evaluation
5. 臨床現場での肺活量測定 office spirometry

English Journal

In utero oxidative stress epigenetically programs antioxidant defense capacity and adulthood diseases.

Strakovsky RS, Pan YX.Source1 Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
Antioxidants & redox signaling.Antioxid Redox Signal.2012 Jul 15;17(2):237-53. Epub 2012 Jan 11.
Abstract Significance: Maternal health and diet during gestation are critical for predicting fetal outcomes, both immediately at birth and in adulthood. While epigenetic modifications have previously been tightly linked to carcinogenesis, recent advances in the field have suggested that numerous a
PMID 22035055

High prevalence of cataracts in birds with pheomelanin-based colouration.

Galván I, Erritzøe J, Wakamatsu K, Møller AP.SourceLaboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud 11, Bâtiment 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol.2012 Jul;162(3):259-64. Epub 2012 Mar 29.
The crystalline lens of the eyes of vertebrates focuses light on the retina. Therefore, maintaining the lens clear is necessary for proper visual function. However, oxidative damage to proteins of the lens leads to opacification and lens dysfunction, termed cataract. Antioxidants thus have a role in
PMID 22487483

Japanese Journal

Preoperative Graft Volume Assessment with 3D-CT Volumetry in Living-Donor Lobar Lung Transplantations

Kojima Katsuhide,Kato Katsuya,Oto Takahiro,Mitsuhashi Toshiharu,Shinya Takayoshi,Sei Tetsuro,Okumura Yoshihiro,Sato Shuhei,Miyoshi Shinichiro,Kanazawa Susumu
Acta Medica Okayama 65(4), 265-268, 2011-08
… Traditionally, Date's formula, also called the segmental ratio, has used the number of lung segments to estimate the forced vital capacity (FVC) of grafts in LDLLT. …
NAID 120003290178