WordNet

a skin problem marked by the development (on the eyelids and neck and back) of irregular yellow nodules; sometimes attributable to disturbances of cholesterol metabolism

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/07/19 22:10:07」(JST)

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Types[edit]

Xanthelasma[edit]

Main article: Xanthelasma

Histology picture of xanthoma showing lipid laden foam cells with large areas of cholesterol clefts, 10 × magnification, eosin and hematoxilin stain. Kumar et al. Cases Journal 2008

A xanthelasma is a sharply demarcated yellowish collection of cholesterol underneath the skin, usually on or around the eyelids. Strictly, a xanthelasma is a distinct condition, only being called a xanthoma when becoming larger and nodular, assuming tumorous proportions.^[2] Still, it is often classified simply as a subtype of xanthoma.^[3]

Xanthoma tuberosum[edit]

Xanthoma tuberosum (also known as tuberous xanthoma) is characterized by xanthomas located over the joints.^[1]^:530

Xanthoma tendinosum[edit]

Xanthoma tendinosum (also known as "Tendinous xanthoma"^[4]) is clinically characterized by papules and nodules found in the tendons of the hands, feet, and achilles.^[1]^:531 Also associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).^[5]

Eruptive xanthoma[edit]

Eruptive xanthoma (ILDS E78.220) is clinically characterized by small, yellowish-orange to reddish-brown papules that appear all over the body.^[1]^:531

Xanthoma planum[edit]

Xanthoma planum (ILDS D76.370), also known as "Plane xanthoma", is clinically characterized by macules and plaques spread diffusely over large areas of the body.^[1]^:531

Palmar xanthoma[edit]

Palmar xanthoma is clinically characterized by yellowish plaques that involve the palms and flexural surfaces of the fingers.^[1]^:531 Plane xanthomas are characterised by yellowish to orange, flat macules or slightly elevated plaques, often with a central white area which may be localised or generalised. They often arise in the skin folds, especially the palmar creases. They occur in hyperlipoproteinaemia type III and type IIA, and in association with biliary cirrhosis. The presence of palmar xanthomata, like the presence of tendinous xanthomata, is indicative of hypercholesterolaemia.

Tuberoeruptive xanthoma[edit]

Tuberoeruptive xanthoma (ILDS E78.210) is clinically characterized by red papules and nodules that appear inflamed and tend to coalesce.^[1]^:532 Tuberous xanthomas are considered similar, and within the same disease spectrum as eruptive xanthomas.^[4]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
^ Shields, Carol; Shields, Jerry (2008). Eyelid, conjunctival, and orbital tumors: atlas and textbook. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-7578-7.
^ thefreedictionary.com > xanthelasma Citing: The American Heritage Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004 and Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009
^ ^a ^b Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. pp. 1415–16. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
^ Van Den Bosch, Harrie C.M.; van den Bosch, Harrie C.M. and D. Vos, Louwerens (May 28, 1998). "Achilles'-Tendon Xanthoma in Familial Hypercholesterolemia". New England Journal of Medicine 338 (22): 1591. doi:10.1056/NEJM199805283382205. PMID 9603797. Retrieved 5 April 2013.

External links[edit]

Look up xanthoma in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Media related to xanthoma at Wikimedia Commons
194641940 at GPnotebook
MedlinePlus Encyclopedia Xanthoma

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. LDLコレステロール代謝の遺伝性疾患 inherited disorders of ldl cholesterol metabolism
2. 原発性胆汁性肝硬変における高コレステロール血症およびアテローム性動脈硬化症 hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in primary biliary cirrhosis
3. 脂質異常症の二次的原因 secondary causes of dyslipidemia
4. 薬剤の効きづらい高コレステロール血症の治療 treatment of drug resistant hypercholesterolemia
5. 軟部組織のリウマチ性疾患 overview of soft tissue rheumatic disorders

English Journal

Spectrum of LDLR gene mutations, including a novel mutation causing familial hypercholesterolaemia, in North-western Greece.

Diakou M, Miltiadous G, Xenophontos SL, Manoli P, Cariolou MA, Elisaf M.SourceDepartment of Internal medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Cardiovascular Genetics & the Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.
European journal of internal medicine.Eur J Intern Med.2011 Oct;22(5):e55-9. Epub 2011 Feb 11.
BACKGROUND: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a clinical syndrome characterised by elevated serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, by tendon xanthomata and clinical manifestations of ischaemic heart disease in early life. Typically, it results from mutations in the low-density lipopro
PMID 21925044

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in Spain: clinical, prognostic, and genetic survey.

Pilo-de-la-Fuente B, Jimenez-Escrig A, Lorenzo JR, Pardo J, Arias M, Ares-Luque A, Duarte J, Muniz-Perez S, Sobrido MJ.SourceDivision of Neurology, Hospital del Sureste, Ronda del Sur s/n, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain Hospital Policlinico de Vigo, Vigo, Spain Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Complejo Asistencial de Leon, Leon, Spain Hospital General de Segovia, Spain Cegen, Grupo de Medicina Xenomica, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Center for Network Research on Rare Disorders (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III.
European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies.Eur J Neurol.2011 Oct;18(10):1203-1211. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03439.x. Epub 2011 Jun 4.
Background and purpose:? Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CYP27A1 gene resulting in sterol-27-hydroxylase deficiency. Current information about CTX is based mainly on case reports, with only few large series reported. Although p
PMID 21645175

Related Pictures

Xanthomata | Primary Care Dermatology for an example image of tendon xanthomata Figure 2. Achilles tendon xanthomata Xanthomata tuberosa 183018.fig.001.jpg Tendon Xanthomata | Rated Medicine

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元

「黄色腫」

Xanthoma
	Classification and external resources
	; Photograph of patient's knee showing multiple xanthoma tendinosum. Kumar et al. Cases Journal 2008
ICD-10	E78.2 (ILDS E78.280), K13.4
ICD-9	272.2
DiseasesDB	28524
MedlinePlus	001447
eMedicine	derm/461
MeSH	D014973

　　[★]

英: xanthoma, xanthomas, xanthomata
同: 黄色板症 xanthelasma、コレステリン沈着症 cholesterolosis
関: 家族性高リポ蛋白血症II型

国試

097F022

[Andrews-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.

[2] Shields, Carol; Shields, Jerry (2008). Eyelid, conjunctival, and orbital tumors: atlas and textbook. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-7578-7.

[3] thefreedictionary.com > xanthelasma Citing: The American Heritage Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004 and Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009

[Bolognia-4] Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. pp. 1415–16. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.

[5] Van Den Bosch, Harrie C.M.; van den Bosch, Harrie C.M. and D. Vos, Louwerens (May 28, 1998). "Achilles'-Tendon Xanthoma in Familial Hypercholesterolemia". New England Journal of Medicine 338 (22): 1591. doi:10.1056/NEJM199805283382205. PMID 9603797. Retrieved 5 April 2013.

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案内

xanthomata