WordNet

of summer nights in northern latitudes where the sun barely sets; "white nights"
the quality or state of the achromatic color of greatest lightness (bearing the least resemblance to black) (同)whiteness
(board games) the lighter pieces
restricted to whites only; "under segregation there were even white restrooms and white drinking fountains"; "a lily-white movement which would expel Negroes from the organization" (同)lily-white
marked by the presence of snow; "a white Christmas"; "the white hills of a northern winter" (同)snowy
glowing white with heat; "white flames"; "a white-hot center of the fire" (同)white-hot
(of hair) having lost its color; "the white hairs of old age" (同)whitened
(of coffee) having cream or milk added
being of the achromatic color of maximum lightness; having little or no hue owing to reflection of almost all incident light; "as white as fresh snow"; "a brides white dress"
benevolent; without malicious intent; "thats white of you"
free from moral blemish or impurity; unsullied; "in shining white armor"
of or belonging to a racial group having light skin coloration; "voting patterns within the white population"
United States educator who in 1865 (with Ezra Cornell) founded Cornell University and served as its first president (1832-1918) (同)Andrew D. White, Andrew Dickson White
United States writer noted for his humorous essays (1899-1985) (同)E. B. White, Elwyn Brooks White
United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1910 by President Taft; noted for his work on antitrust legislation (1845-1921) (同)Edward White, Edward D. White, Edward Douglas White Jr.
Australian writer (1912-1990) (同)Patrick White, Patrick Victor Martindale White
United States architect (1853-1906) (同)Stanford White
United States political journalist (1915-1986) (同)T. H. White, Theodore Harold White
a member of the Caucasoid race (同)White person, Caucasian
a tributary of the Mississippi River that flows southeastward through northern Arkansas and southern Missouri (同)White River
having an (over)abundance of flesh; "he hadnt remembered how fat she was"
a soft greasy substance occurring in organic tissue and consisting of a mixture of lipids (mostly triglycerides); "pizza has too much fat"
marked by great fruitfulness; "fertile farmland"; "a fat land"; "a productive vineyard"; "rich soil" (同)fertile, productive, rich
lucrative; "a juicy contract"; "a nice fat job" (同)juicy
having a relatively large diameter; "a fat rope"
a food fish of the Atlantic waters of Europe resembling the cod; sometimes placed in genus Gadus (同)Merlangus merlangus, Gadus merlangus
a small fish of the genus Sillago; excellent food fish
any of several food fishes of North American coastal waters
flesh of a cod-like fish of the Atlantic waters of Europe
flesh of any of a number of slender food fishes especially of Atlantic coasts of North America
the syllable naming the fourth (subdominant) note of the diatonic scale in solmization

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉『白』,白色 / 〈U〉〈C〉白いもの;(特に)『卵の白身』 / 〈U〉『白衣』,白色の服;《しばしば複数形で》白の制服(運動着など) / 〈C〉白人 / 『白い』,白色の,純白の / (恐怖で人・顔・唇などが)『青白い』,血の気のない(pale) / (皮膚の色の)白い,白人の / (髪・ひげなどが)銀色の,改色の / 雪のある,雪の積もった / 《おもに古》潔白の,罪のない / 《英》(コーヒーが)ミルク入りの / …‘を'白くする,漂白する
『脂肪』,脂肪分 / (動物の)あぶら身 / (料理用の)油,ヘット / 肥満,太り過ぎ / 『太った』,肥満した / 『脂肪の多い』 / たっぷりとはいった,分厚い / もうかる / (土地が)肥えた / …‘を'太らせる / ふとる,肥える
ニベ(北米産);タラ(欧州産)
(銀の研摩剤に用いる)胡粉,白亜(chalk);漂白剤
ファ(全音階の第4音)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/04/10 15:06:37」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Distribution of white adipose tissue in the human body.

White adipose tissue (WAT) or white fat is one of the two types of adipose tissue found in mammals. The other kind of adipose tissue is brown adipose tissue.

In healthy, non-overweight humans, white adipose tissue composes as much as 20% of the body weight in men and 25% of the body weight in women. Its cells contain a single large fat droplet, which forces the nucleus to be squeezed into a thin rim at the periphery. They have receptors for insulin, sexual hormones, norepinephrine, and glucocorticoids.

White adipose tissue is used as a store of energy. Upon release of insulin from the pancreas, white adipose cells' insulin receptors cause a dephosphorylation cascade that lead to the inactivation of hormone-sensitive lipase. It was previously thought that upon release of glucagon from the pancreas, glucagon receptors cause a phosphorylation cascade that activates hormone-sensitive lipase, causing the breakdown of the stored fat to fatty acids, which are exported into the blood and bound to albumin, and glycerol, which is exported into the blood freely. There is actually no evidence at present that glucagon has any effect on white adipose tissue.^[1] Glucagon is now thought to act exclusively on the liver to trigger glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.^[2] The trigger for this process in white adipose tissue is instead now thought to be adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), adrenaline and noradrenaline^{[citation needed]}. Fatty acids are taken up by muscle and cardiac tissue as a fuel source, and glycerol is taken up by the liver for gluconeogenesis.

White adipose tissue also acts as a thermal insulator, helping to maintain body temperature.

The hormone leptin is primarily manufactured in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue, which also produces another hormone, asprosin.

References

^ Gravholt, C H. "Physiological levels of glucagon do not influence lipolysis in abdominal adipose tissue as assessed by microdialysis". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 86: 2085–9. doi:10.1210/jcem.86.5.7460. PMID 11344211.
^ Lawrence, A. M. (1969). "Glucagon". Annual Review of Medicine. 20: 207–222. doi:10.1146/annurev.me.20.020169.001231. PMID 4893399.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人の身体組成測定 determining body composition in adults
2. 肥満の病因 pathogenesis of obesity
3. 成人の肥満のスクリーニングおよび臨床評価 screening for and clinical evaluation of obesity in adults
4. 脂肪異栄養症症候群 lipodystrophic syndromes
5. メタボリックシンドローム（インスリン抵抗性症候群またはシンドロームX） the metabolic syndrome insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome x

English Journal

Safety and Health Benefits of Novel Dietary Supplements Consisting Multiple Phytochemicals, Vitamins, Minerals and Essential Fatty Acids in High Fat Diet Fed Rats.

Ramprasath VR1,2, Jones PJ1,2.
Journal of dietary supplements.J Diet Suppl.2016 Jul 3;13(4):353-67. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2015.1036190. Epub 2015 Aug 28.
The objective was to determine safety and efficacy of health supplements "Beyond Tangy Tangerine," a multivitamin/mineral complex and combination of multivitamin/mineral complex, "Osteofx," a bone healthy supplement and "Ultimate Essential Fatty Acids" in Sprague Dawley rats consuming high-fat diets
PMID 26317447

Data on the phospholipid fatty acyl composition of retroperitoneal white adipose tissue in ad libitum fed and fasted mice.

Marks KA1, Marvyn PM1, Henao JJ1, Bradley RM1, Stark KD1, Duncan RE1.
Data in brief.Data Brief.2016 Mar 4;7:452-6. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.02.078. eCollection 2016.
Data are presented on the fatty acyl composition of phospholipid from retroperitoneal white adipose tissue of female mice that were either given ad libitum access to food or fasted for 16 h overnight prior to sacrifice. Our data show that total adipose phospholipid concentrations were more than 2-f
PMID 27014729

Are meat and heme iron intake associated with pancreatic cancer? Results from the NIH-AARP diet and health cohort.

Taunk P1,2, Hecht E1, Stolzenberg-Solomon R2.
International journal of cancer.Int J Cancer.2016 May 1;138(9):2172-89. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29964. Epub 2016 Jan 18.
Several studies on pancreatic cancer have reported significant positive associations for intake of red meat but null associations for heme iron. We assessed total, red, white and processed meat intake, meat cooking methods and doneness and heme iron and mutagen intake in relation to pancreatic cance
PMID 26666579

Japanese Journal

内科的治療が奏功せず外科的治療を必要とした生後2カ月の乳縻胸の一例

加地真理子/坂内優子/吉井啓介/関亜希子/谷諭美/岸崇之/世川修/大澤眞木子
東京女子医科大学雑誌 83(E1), E366-E370, 2013-01-31
【はじめに】乳縻胸は乳糜が胸管から胸腔内に逸脱して生じる。小児では稀な疾患であり、新生児期および縦隔手術後に比較的多く報告されているが、単独の報告が多く、治療法も様々である。乳縻胸と診断され、内科的治療が奏功せず、外科的治療を要した症例を経験したため報告する。,【症例】生後2か月の女児。主訴:体重増加不良、既往歴:在胎39週で仮死なく出生。現病歴:1ヶ月検診では体重増加不良を指摘されていた。受診時 …
NAID 110009559387

Paradoxical Roles of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Atherosclerosis and Hypertension

Chang Lin,Milton Hamblin,Eitzman Daniel T.,Chen Y. Eugene
Circulation Journal 77(1), 11-18, 2013
… Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is the fat tissue surrounding most of the vasculature and it has long been considered solely as vessel-supporting connective tissue. … There are 2 major types of adipose tissue widely distributed throughout the body: white (WAT) and brown (BAT). … Similar to other fat depots, PVAT produces various adipokines, growth factors and inhibitors that affect functions of adjacent layers of the vasculature. …
NAID 130002491400

Vascular-targeted nanotherapy for obesity: Unexpected passive targeting mechanism to obese fat for the enhancement of active drug delivery

Hossen Md. Nazir,Kajimoto Kazuaki,Akita Hidetaka,Hyodo Mamoru,Harashima Hideyoshi
Journal of Controlled Release 163(2), 101-110, 2012-10-28
… The targeted accumulation of prohibitin-targeted nanoparticles (PTNP), modified with a peptide ligand via a long PEG-linker, was significantly increased in white fat vessels of normal healthy mice compared to the other non-PEGylated targeted NPs, whereas the undesired accumulation of PTNP in the liver was considerably reduced. … After systemic administration to DIO mice, PTNP exclusively accumulated in both adipose vessels and angiogenic clusters of obese fat cells. …
NAID 120005068875